Perfil multidimensional de personas que han realizado intento de suicidio

The purpose of this study is to establish a multidimensional profile of people who have attempted to commit suicide. 116 cases of people with reported suicide attempts in emergency rooms and educational institutions in the department of Huila were studied. This was a descriptive study, with a semi-structured interview, personality test, depression inventory, alcohol evaluation, ideation and suicide attempt evaluations. The multidimensional profile consisted of adolescents from rural areas, city-dwelling adults, also taking into account housewives with stable relationships, single, divorced and unemployed persons. The relationship between low neuroticism and high psychoticism could help to explain ‘unexpected’ suicide attempts without previous symptoms. The structure and dynamics of dysfunctional families are strongly associated with suicide attempts.Establecer el perfil multidimensional de personas con intento de suicidio. Se estudiaron 116 personas reportadas con intento de suicidio en servicios de urgencias e instituciones educativas del departamento del Huila. Diseño descriptivo; con entrevista semi-estructurada, prueba de personalidad, inventario de depresión, evaluación de alcoholismo, evaluación de ideación e intento de suicidio. El perfil multidimensional se caracterizó: adolescentes rurales, adultos citadinos; son de consideración: ama de casa, con relación de pareja estable, y personas solas, divorciadas, desempleadas. La relación neuroticismo bajo y piscoticismo alto podría ayudar a explicar que el intento de suicidio haya sido realizado de “repente” sin existir ningún síntoma previo. La estructura y dinámica familiar disfuncional están altamente asociadas a la persona con intento de suicidio.Estabelecer o perfil multidimensional de pessoas com tentativa de suicídio. Se estudaram 116 pessoas reportadas com tentativa de suicídio em serviços de urgências e instituições educativas do departamento do Huila. Foi um estudo descritivo, com uma entrevista semi-estruturada, teste personalidade, o inventario de depressão, avaliações do álcool, da ideação suicida e tentativa de suicidio. O perfil multidimensional se caracterizou: adolescentes rural, adultos citadinos; são de consideração dona de casa, com relação de casal estável; e pessoas sós, divorciadas, desempregadas. A relação neuroticismo baixo e piscoticismo alto, poderia ajudar a explicar que a tentativa de suicídio tenha sido realizado de “repente” sem existir nenhum sintoma prévio. A estrutura e dinâmica familiar disfuncional estão altamente associadas à pessoa com tentativa de suicídio

Movimientos sacádicos y atención visual en escolares según desempeño académico

Introduction: The visual attention can focus saccades in the right direction of relevant stimulus the function of both facilitates the development of academic hablidades. Objective: to analyze the relationship between saccades and selective visual attention in children with higher girls reported poor academic performance and basic primary education in public and private institutions in the city of Neiva. Methods: 201 students between 8 and 12 years old, Basic Primary Education official and private institutions in the cities of Neiva (Colombia), we applied the test KD saccadic movements to assess visual selective attention test d2 care and subtets of cancellation. Results: Significant correlation was evident between KD Test scores, the d2 test and subtets cancellation. No differences in test performance in children studying in public and private institutions were observed. Significant differences between test scores and academic performance KD were observed, indicating that children with low performance show worse performance in the test KD. Conclusions: Children who attend public and private institutions in the city of Neiva have equal performance on tests that assess attention and saccadic movements, and both upper and lower with low performance show similar performance in tests that evaluate visual selective attention. All children who have poor performance on tests of saccades have poor academic performance, suggesting that intervention programs especially for this population should be directed in the first instance to improve mobility and saccadic second attention.Introducción: La atención visual permite enfocar los movimientos sacádicos en la dirección correcta de los estímulos relevantes, la función de ambas facilita el desarrollo de las habilidades académicas. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre movimientos sacádicos y atención visual selectiva en niños y niñas reportados con superior y bajo desempeño académico de educación básica primaria en instituciones públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Neiva. Métodos: a 201 estudiantes entre los 8 y 12 años de edad, de Educación Básica Primaria de instituciones oficiales y privadas en las ciudad de Neiva (Colombia), se les aplicó el test K-D de Movimientos sacádicos, para evaluar atención visual selectiva el test de atención d2 y una subprueba de cancelación. Resultados: se evidencia correlación significativa entre las puntuaciones del Test K-D, el d2 test y el subtets de cancelación. No se observaron diferencias entre la ejecución de las pruebas en los niños que estudian en instituciones públicas y privadas. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre la puntuación del test K-D y el desempeño académico, indicando que los niños que tienen bajo desempeño muestran peor ejecución en el test K-D. Conclusiones: los niños que estudian en instituciones públicas y privadas en la ciudad de Neiva tienen igual rendimiento en pruebas que evalúan atención y movimientos sacádicos, y que tanto los menores con desempeño superior y bajo muestran un rendimiento parecido en pruebas que evalúan la atención visual selectiva. Los menores que tienen pobre rendimiento en pruebas de movimientos sacádicos presentan bajo desempeño académico, lo que sugiere que principalmente los programas de intervención para esta población deben ir dirigidos a mejorar en primera instancia la movilidad sacádica y en segundo lugar la atención

Sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade e apoio social estão associados de modo independente à qualidade de vida específica da doença em pacientes colombianos com artrite reumatoide

RESUMOObjetivo:Analisar a relação entre a qualidade de vida (QV) específica da doença e fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos e psicossociais em pacientes colombianos com artrite reumatoide (AR).Métodos:Recrutaram-se 103 pacientes com AR em centros ambulatoriais de Neiva, na Colômbia. Eles responderam ao Disease Activity Scale 28 (DAS-28), QOL-RA, Escala de Autoavaliação da Depressão de Zung, Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (Idate), Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12 (Isel-12) e Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90R).Resultados:Escores mais baixos de QOL-RA estiveram associados a uma pior condição socioeconômica (CSE; r = 0,26, p < 0,01), maior probabilidade de usar opioides (t = -2,51, p < 0,05), maior probabilidade de doença pulmonar comórbida (t = -2,22, p < 0,05) e pontuações inferiores nas subescalas do ISEL-12 (r's = 0,41-0,31, p's < 0,001). Uma menor pontuação no QOL-RA esteve associada a escores mais elevados no DAS-28 (r = -0,28, p < 0,01), Escala Analógica Visual (EVA; r = -0,35, p < 0,001), Escala de Autoavaliação da Depressão de Zung (r = -0,72, p < 0,001), Idate-Estado (r = -0,66, p < 0,001), Idate-Traço (r = -0,70, p < 0,001), SCL-90R Índice de Gravidade Global (r = -0,50, p < 0,001), SCL-90R Total de Sintomas Positivos (r = -0,57, p < 0,001) e todas as subescalas do SCL-90R (r's = -0,54 a -0,21, p's < 0,01). Um modelo de regressão linear múltipla indicou que a CSE (B = 2,77, p < 0,05), a Escala de Autoavaliação da Depressão de Zung (B = -0,53, p < 0,001), o Idate-Estado (B = -0,26, p < 0,05) e o Isel-12 Pertencimento (B = 1,15, p < 0,01) estavam independentemente associados à pontuação no QOL-RA, mesmo quando controlados por associações significativas.Conclusões:Mais sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade estiveram independentemente associados a uma menor QV específica da doença, enquanto a percepção aumentada de ter pessoas com quem fazer atividades (pertencimento, apoio social) e CSE mais elevados estiveram independentemente associados a uma maior QV específica da doença. Os fatores psicossociais impactam na QV na AR acima e além da atividade da doença. É necessária pesquisa adicional acerca dos benefícios da avaliação psicossocial do paciente com AR e da prestação de cuidados abrangentes para melhorar a QV

A Multi-Site Study of Traumatic Brain Injury in Mexico and Colombia: Longitudinal Mediational and Cross-Lagged Models of Family Dynamics, Coping, and Health-Related Quality of Life

Latin America has high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet reduced mental and physical health outcomes due to limited rehabilitation services. To understand the psychosocial adjustment process in TBI patients in Latin America, the incorporation of cultural values including family-based variables is imperative. The current study examined relations among healthy family dynamics, coping, and mental and physical health related quality of life (HRQL) among a sample of TBI patients across three sites and two countries over the first 4 months post-injury. A sample of 109 acute TBI patients from Mexico and Colombia were recruited, and a series of longitudinal mediation and cross-lag panel analyses were run. Mental and physical HRQL were positively associated with each other, as well as healthy family dynamics and coping. Coping partially mediated the effects of healthy family dynamics on both mental and physical HRQL. Family dynamics showed the strongest cross-lag relationships with coping going from 2 months to 4 months. Similarly, coping showed the strongest cross-lag relationships with both mental and physical HRQL going from baseline to 2 months. Results provide empirical support for the importance of a rehabilitation workforce that has been trained in and can effectively implement family-based interventions for individuals with TBI in Latin America

Perfil multidimensional de personas que han realizado intento de suicidio

The purpose of this study is to establish a multidimensional profile of people who have attempted to commit suicide. 116 cases of people with reported suicide attempts in emergency rooms and educational institutions in the department of Huila were studied. This was a descriptive study, with a semi-structured interview, personality test, depression inventory, alcohol evaluation, ideation and suicide attempt evaluations. The multidimensional profile consisted of adolescents from rural areas, city-dwelling adults, also taking into account housewives with stable relationships, single, divorced and unemployed persons. The relationship between low neuroticism and high psychoticism could help to explain �unexpected� suicide attempts without previous symptoms. The structure and dynamics of dysfunctional families are strongly associated with suicide attempts.Estabelecer o perfil multidimensional de pessoas com tentativa de suicídio. Se estudaram 116 pessoas reportadas com tentativa de suicídio em serviços de urgências e instituições educativas do departamento do Huila. Foi um estudo descritivo, com uma entrevista semi-estruturada, teste personalidade, o inventario de depressão, avaliações do álcool, da ideação suicida e tentativa de suicidio. O perfil multidimensional se caracterizou: adolescentes rural, adultos citadinos; são de consideração dona de casa, com relação de casal estável; e pessoas sós, divorciadas, desempregadas. A relação neuroticismo baixo e piscoticismo alto, poderia ajudar a explicar que a tentativa de suicídio tenha sido realizado de�repente� sem existir nenhum sintoma prévio. A estrutura e dinâmica familiar disfuncional estão altamente associadas à pessoa com tentativa de suicídioEstablecer el perfil multidimensional de personas con intento de suicidio. Se estudiaron 116 personas reportadas con intento de suicidio en servicios de urgencias e instituciones educativas del departamento del Huila. Diseño descriptivo; con entrevista semi-estructurada, prueba de personalidad, inventario de depresión, evaluación de alcoholismo, evaluación de ideación e intento de suicidio. El perfil multidimensional se caracterizó: adolescentes rurales, adultos citadinos; son de consideración: ama de casa, con relación de pareja estable, y personas solas, divorciadas, desempleadas. La relación neuroticismo bajo y piscoticismo alto podría ayudar a explicar que el intento de suicidio haya sido realizado de�repente� sin existir ningún síntoma previo. La estructura y dinámica familiar disfuncional están altamente asociadas a la persona con intento de suicidio

Suicidal Ideation After Acute Traumatic Brain Injury:A Longitudinal Actor-Partner Interdependence Model of Patients and Caregivers in Latin America

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with depression, anxiety, and even suicidality in individuals with TBI and in caregivers. Moreover, emotional functioning in individuals with TBI is linked with caregiver functioning. However, no known studies to date have examined linkages in suicidal ideation in individuals with TBI and family caregivers. This is especially important in Latin America, where TBI rates are high, and where cultural norms influence family caregiving. This study examined associations among self-reported suicidal ideation in individuals with TBI and their primary caregivers over time in Mexico and Colombia. Research Method/Design: A total of 109 individuals and their primary caregivers completed measures during hospitalization for TBI and at 2 and 4-months posthospitalization. The primary outcome was Item 9 from the Spanish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, assessing for thoughts of death or suicide in the previous 2 weeks. Results: Patients and caregivers reported high levels of suicidal ideation (18.3%–22.4% and 12.4%–15.7%, respectively) at each time point, and suicidal ideation at one time point strongly predicted ideation at the next. When patients endorsed suicidal ideation in the hospital, their caregivers tended to endorse suicidal ideation 2 months later. Although unaccounted for variables could be driving these relationships, they may also provide possible evidence of causal preponderance between patient and caregiver suicidal ideation post-TBI. Conclusions/Implications: Clinicians and rehabilitation specialists can use these findings to inform suicide risk assessment by expanding these practices to caregivers of patients who endorsed suicidal ideation. Interventions after TBI should incorporate caregivers given this study showed significant interdependence of suicidality between patients and caregiver

Relationship Satisfaction and Depression After Traumatic Brain Injury An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model of Patients and Caregivers in Mexico and Colombia

#nofulltext#Objective Traumatic brain injury represents a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like in Latin America. Family members are often caregivers for individuals with traumatic brain injury, which can result in significant stress. Research is needed to examine depression and quality of the caregiving relationship in these dyads. This study examined relationship quality and depression longitudinally after traumatic brain injury within the caregiving relationship. Design Dyads (N= 109) composed of individuals with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers were recruited from three hospitals in Mexico and Colombia. They self-reported depression and relationship satisfaction during hospitalization and at 2 and 4 mos after hospitalization. Results A 2-lag Actor Partner Interdependence Model demonstrated that patients and caregivers reporting high relationship satisfaction at baseline experienced lower depression 2 mos later, which then predicted higher caregiver relationship satisfaction at 4 mos. Moreover, patients with high relationship satisfaction at baseline had caregivers with lower depression at 2 mos, which was then associated with patients' higher satisfaction at 4 mos. Conclusions Within individuals with traumatic brain injury and caregivers, depression and relationship satisfaction seem to be inversely related. Furthermore, patients' and caregivers' depression and relationship satisfaction impact each other over time, demonstrating interdependence within the caregiving relationshi