922 research outputs found
Fully-automated production of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor on the module Modular Lab-PharmTracer
BACKGROUND:
PentixaFor is a promising radiopharmaceutical for positron emission tomography in the detection of different tumor entities and other diseases. Until now, the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor was reported for the automated synthesis module from Scintomics® only. Our aim was to evaluate the automated synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical on a different module in order to make it available for a broader community.
RESULTS:
The synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor with different amounts of PentixaFor (50 μg, 30 μg and 20 μg) on the Modular Lab PharmTracer (MLPT) from Eckert & Ziegler with the already established synthesis template for [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC yielded best results with 50 μg PentixaFor for clinical multi-dose application. All different quality control parameters tested (e.g. sterility, stability and radiochemical purity) were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia.
CONCLUSIONS:
[68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor was successfully synthesized fully-automated on the synthesis module Modular Lab PharmTracer and can be used for multi-dose application in clinical settings
Stability of hyperbolic space under Ricci flow
We study the Ricci flow of initial metrics which are C^0-perturbations of the
hyperbolic metric on H^n. If the perturbation is bounded in the L^2-sense, and
small enough in the C^0-sense, then we show the following: In dimensions four
and higher, the scaled Ricci harmonic map heat flow of such a metric converges
smoothly, uniformly and exponentially fast in all C^k-norms and in the L^2-norm
to the hyperbolic metric as time approaches infinity. We also prove a related
result for the Ricci flow and for the two-dimensional conformal Ricci flow.Comment: 18 page
Exciton coupling induces vibronic hyperchromism in light-harvesting complexes
The recently suggested possibility that weak vibronic transitions can be
excitonically enhanced in light-harvesting complexes is studied in detail. A
vibronic exciton dimer model which includes ground state vibrations is
investigated using multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method with a
parameter set typical to photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. Absorption
spectra are discussed in dependence on the Coulomb coupling, the detuning of
site energies, and the number of vibrational mode. Calculations of the
fluorescence spectra show that the spectral densities obtained from the low
temperature fluorescence line narrowing measurements of light-harvesting
systems need to be corrected for the exciton effects. For the J-aggregate
configuration, as in most of the light-harvesting complexes, the true spectral
density has larger amplitude than what is obtained from the measurement.Comment: revised version (minor
Multi-Layer Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) Approach to the Correlated Exciton-Vibrational Dynamics in the FMO Complex
The coupled quantum dynamics of excitonic and vibrational degrees of freedom
is investigated for high-dimensional models of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO)
complex. This includes a seven and an eight-site model with 518 and 592
harmonic vibrational modes, respectively. The coupling between local electronic
transitions and vibrations is described within the Huang-Rhys model using
parameters that are obtained by discretization of an experimental spectral
density. Different pathways of excitation energy flow are analyzed in terms of
the reduced one-exciton density matrix, focussing on the role of vibrational
and vibronic excitation. Distinct features due to both competing time scales of
vibrational and exciton motion and vibronically-assisted transfer are observed.
The question of the effect of initial state preparation is addressed by
comparing the case of an instantaneous Franck-Condon excitation at a single
site with that of a laser field excitation.Comment: revised versio
The Effect of Site-Specific Spectral Densities on the High-Dimensional Exciton-Vibrational Dynamics in the FMO Complex
The coupled exciton-vibrational dynamics of a three-site model of the FMO
complex is investigated using the Multi-layer Multi-configuration
Time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach. Emphasis is put on the effect of
the spectral density on the exciton state populations as well as on the
vibrational and vibronic non-equilibrium excitations. Models which use either a
single or site-specific spectral densities are contrasted to a spectral density
adapted from experiment. For the transfer efficiency, the total integrated
Huang-Rhys factor is found to be more important than details of the spectral
distributions. However, the latter are relevant for the obtained
non-equilibrium vibrational and vibronic distributions and thus influence the
actual pattern of population relaxation.Comment: revised versio
Real-time determination of laser beam quality by modal decomposition
We present a real-time method to determine the beam propagation ratio M2 of
laser beams. The all-optical measurement of modal amplitudes yields M2
parameters conform to the ISO standard method. The experimental technique is
simple and fast, which allows to investigate laser beams under conditions
inaccessible to other methods.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, published in Optics Expres
European goods market integration in the very long run: from the Black Death to the First World War
The paper examines price convergence and increases in the efficiency of wheat markets across Europe from the mid-fourteenth to the early twentieth century. The analysis is based on a new data set of prices from more than 500 markets. Unlike previous research, we find that convergence was a predominantly pre-modern phenomenon. It started in the late fifteenth and reached a first high point in the early seventeenth century - a level of integration that was surpassed only in the nineteenth century. In terms of market integration, the ‘little divergence’ between parts of North-Western Europe and the rest of the continent appears since about 1600. Long-term improvements in market efficiency began in the early sixteenth century, with advances being temporarily as uneven as in price convergence. We trace this to uneven institutional change and the non-synchronous spread of modern media and systems of information transmission that affected the ability of merchants to react to news
European goods market integration in the very long run: from the Black Death to the First World War
The paper examines price convergence and increases in the efficiency of wheat markets across Europe from the mid-fourteenth to the early twentieth century. The analysis is based on a new data set of prices from more than 500 markets. Unlike previous research, we find that convergence was a predominantly pre-modern phenomenon. It started in the late fifteenth and reached a first high point in the early seventeenth century - a level of integration that was surpassed only in the nineteenth century. In terms of market integration, the ‘little divergence’ between parts of North-Western Europe and the rest of the continent appears since about 1600. Long-term improvements in market efficiency began in the early sixteenth century, with advances being temporarily as uneven as in price convergence. We trace this to uneven institutional change and the non-synchronous spread of modern media and systems of information transmission that affected the ability of merchants to react to news
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