Errata – Consenso da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia Sobre Recomendações do Uso de Probióticos

Correction to: Brazilian Association of Nutrology Consensus Recommendations for the Use of ProbioticsInternational Journal of Nutrology 2019; 12(02): 051-051DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402021   Rio de Janeiro, 13 de Abril de2020 Caros leitores, No artigo Consenso da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia Sobre Recomendações do Uso de Probióticos (Int J Nutrol 2019;12(2):50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402021.), publicado online e impresso na International Journal of Nutrology em Dezembro de 2019: Onde se lê: No tratamento dietético, os prebióticos da dieta, especialmente as bifidobactérias, visam modificar a composição do ecossistema intestinal por meio de mudanças nutricionais. Leia-se: No tratamento dietético, os prebióticos da dieta, ou seja, substâncias fermentáveis, não digeríveis, que promovem o desenvolvimento seletivo e ativam o metabolismo de bactérias benéficas no trato intestinal, especialmente as bifidobactérias, visam modificar a composição do ecossistema intestinal por meio de mudanças nutricionais.4, 1

Brazilian Association of Nutrology Consensus Recommendations for the Use of Probiotics

ERRATA/CORRECTED BY: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710399 Conceptually, dysbiosis can be defined as any undesirable change in the composition of the intestinal microbiota resulting in imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria. It may be associated with various diseases affecting the gut, as well as multifactorial causes such as poor lifestyle, imbalanced diet and stress. The treatment of dysbiosis comprises two lines. The first one is dietary, through the ingestion of foods that benefit the constitution of the gut microbiota. The other one is through drugs. Dietary prebiotics, especially bifidobacteria, aim to modify the composition of the intestinal ecosystem through nutritional changes. In addition, diet therapy for the prevention and treatment of dysbiosis requires dietary reeducation, avoiding excess carbohydrate intake. To ensure a continuous effect, probiotic intake, when indicated, should be daily. There are reports in the literature of favorable changes in the gut microbiota with doses of 100 g of food product with 108 to 109 colony forming units (CFU) of probiotic microorganisms (107 to 106 CFU/g product) if administered for 15 days. Bacteria belonging to genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are most often employed as probiotic food supplements because they are isolated from all portions of the healthy human gastrointestinal tract. Products containing probiotics, whether drugs or dietary supplements, must be registered and approved by Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) and meet specific and stringent rules to prove safety and efficacy

Posicionamento atual sobre vitamina D na prática clínica: Posicionamento da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (Abran)

Objective: To establish a position statement to standardize the recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology related to vitamin D deficiency management in the clinical practice with an emphasis on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Methods: We present an update on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency, based on the most recent scientific evidence, including an extensive data review of PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO. Results: Based on the recent information obtained in contrast to previous published Brazilian and American guidelines, the authors drafted the agreement, which was approved by the scientific board of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology. Conclusion: After a critical analysis of the most recent data, a scientific update regarding vitamin D management was presented resulting in the present institutional guide from the Brazilian Association of Nutrology about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this condition in Brazil

O uso do retalho médio-frontal na reconstrução nasal / The use of mid-forehead flap in nasal reconstruction

O retalho indiano é um retalho médio-frontal que foi descoberto antes de cristo e perdura até os dias atuais. Criando pelo indiano Sushruta samhita esse retalho permite a reconstrução do nariz. O objetivo desse texto é realizar uma revisão de literatura do emprego do retalho indiano. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados sciello, pubmed e google acadêmico. Após análise de todos os textos bases foi possível concluir que esse retalho possui um grande papel na cirurgia plástica para reconstrução nasal obtendo resultados satisfatórios e com poucas complicações devido à quantidade de pele que se obtém, e à semelhança de cor, textura e espessura cutâneas

High anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroconversion rates before the second wave in Manaus, Brazil, and the protective effect of social behaviour measures: results from the prospective DETECTCoV-19 cohort

Background: The city of Manaus, Brazil, has seen two collapses of the health system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We report anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibody seroconversion rates and associated risk factors in Manaus residents before the second wave of the epidemic in Brazil. Methods: A convenience sample of adult (aged ≥18 years) residents of Manaus was recruited through online and university website advertising into the DETECTCoV-19 study cohort. The current analysis of seroconversion included a subgroup of DETECTCoV-19 participants who had at least two serum sample collections separated by at least 4 weeks between Aug 19 and Oct 2, 2020 (visit 1), and Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020 (visit 2). Those who reported (or had no data on) having a COVID-19 diagnosis before visit 1, and who were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at visit 1 were excluded. Using an in-house ELISA, the reactivity index (RI; calculated as the optical density ratio of the sample to the negative control) for serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was measured at both visits. We calculated the incidence of seroconversion (defined as RI values ≤1·5 at visit 1 and ≥1·5 at visit 2, and a ratio >2 between the visit 2 and visit 1 RI values) during the study period, as well as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) through cluster-corrected and adjusted Poisson regression models to analyse associations between seroconversion and variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, health access, comorbidities, COVID-19 exposure, protective behaviours, and symptoms. Findings: 2496 DETECTCoV-19 cohort participants returned for a follow-up visit between Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020, of whom 204 reported having COVID-19 before the first visit and 24 had no data regarding previous disease status. 559 participants were seropositive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at baseline. Of the remaining 1709 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 71 did not meet the criteria for seroconversion and were excluded from the analyses. Among the remaining 1638 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 214 showed seroconversion at visit 2. The seroconversion incidence was 13·06% (95% CI 11·52–14·79) overall and 6·78% (5·61–8·10) for symptomatic seroconversion, over a median follow-up period of 57 days (IQR 54–61). 48·1% of seroconversion events were estimated to be asymptomatic. The sample had higher proportions of affluent and higher-educated people than those reported for the Manaus city population. In the fully adjusted and corrected model, risk factors for seroconversion before visit 2 were having a COVID-19 case in the household (IRR 1·49 [95% CI 1·21–1·83]), not wearing a mask during contact with a person with COVID-19 (1·25 [1·09–1·45]), relaxation of physical distancing (1·31 [1·05–1·64]), and having flu-like symptoms (1·79 [1·23–2·59]) or a COVID-19 diagnosis (3·57 [2·27–5·63]) between the first and second visits, whereas working remotely was associated with lower incidence (0·74 [0·56–0·97]). Interpretation: An intense infection transmission period preceded the second wave of COVID-19 in Manaus. Several modifiable behaviours increased the risk of seroconversion, including non-compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions measures such as not wearing a mask during contact, relaxation of protective measures, and non-remote working. Increased testing in high-transmission areas is needed to provide timely information about ongoing transmission and aid appropriate implementation of transmission mitigation measures. Funding: Ministry of Education, Brazil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas; Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO.World Health OrganizationRevisión por pare

Trajetórias da Educomunicação nas Políticas Públicas e a Formação de seus Profissionais

Esta obra é composta com os trabalhos apresentados no primeiro subtema, TRAJETÓRIA – Educação para a Comunicação como Política pública, nas perspectivas da Educomunicação e da Mídia-Educação, do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação. Os artigos pretendem propiciar trocas de informações e produzir reflexões com os leitores sobre os caminhos percorridos, e ainda a percorrer, tendo como meta a expansão e a legitimação das práticas educomunicativas e/ou mídia-educativas como política pública para o atendimento à formação de crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos, no Brasil e no mundo

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ