Enema opaco: papel diagnóstico atual em câncer do intestino grosso.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Curso de Medicina, Florianópolis, 199

Bancada experimental para avaliação do desempenho de permutadores de calor com armazenamento em materiais com mudança de fase (PCM)

O presente relatório de estágio surgiu da parceria entre a Universidade de Aveiro, através do seu Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica com a empresa Heaboo Lda. responsável pelo desenvolvimento da tecnologia hoterway que é parte integrante dos seus produtos. O objetivo deste estágio foi o desenvolvimento de uma bancada de testes capaz de reproduzir com rigor as condições expectáveis das instalações reais de utilização para caracterização dos produtos comercializados pela empresa. No relatório de estágio apresentado, numa primeira secção é descrito o funcionamento da tecnologia, principais caraterísticas e requisitos de funcionamento para numa segunda parte se apresentar de forma detalhada o processo de desenvolvimento de uma bancada experimental para avaliação e caracterização dos produtos desenvolvidos pela empresa, assim como a sua construção e montagem englobando todos os subsistemas inerentes, elemento central e objetivo principal deste estágio. Neste estágio foi adquirido um conhecimento detalhado dos sistemas que integram a bancada, foram desempenhadas tarefas onde foi necessária muita versatilidade e adaptação a novos conteúdos e ferramentas. Foi necessário conhecer em detalhe a tecnologia hoterway, para tal, foi aprofundado o conhecimento nos fenómenos térmicos e de transferência de calor entre diferentes materiais. Para a construção da bancada foi necessária uma investigação na área da hidráulica e redes de distribuição de água. Para dar resposta a todas as exigências inerentes a este projeto foram colocados à prova múltiplas áreas da aprendizagem obtida no decorrer do curso. O objetivo do estágio foi cumprido na sua plenitude, terminando com uma bancada totalmente funcional a responder a todos os requisitos propostos de antemão.This internship report resulted from the partnership between the University of Aveiro, through Department of Mechanical Engineering with the company Heaboo Lda. Company that developed the hoterway technology that integrates all of their products. The goal of this internship was to develop a test bench that reproduces with accuracy the expected conditions of a real installation for characterization of the products produced by the company. In a first section, the operation of the technology is described, as well as its main characteristics and operating requirements. In a second part, the development process of an experimental bench for the evaluation and characterization of the products developed by the company is presented in detail, as well as its construction and assembly, including all inherent subsystems, the main objective of this internship. In this internship a detailed knowledge of the systems that make up the bench was acquired; tasks were performed where a lot of versatility and adaptation to new contents and tools were required. It was necessary to know in detail the hoterway technology, for such, it was deepened the knowledge in the thermal phenomenon and heat transfer between different materials. For the construction of the bench, research in the area of hydraulics and water distribution networks was necessary. To fulfil all the demands of this project, multiple learnings obtained during the degree were tested. The goal of the internship was fully met, ending with a fully functional bench that meets all the requirements proposed beforehandMestrado em Engenharia Mecânic

In-season internal and external training load quantification of an elite European soccer team

Elite soccer teams that participate in European competitions need to have players in the best physical and psychological status possible to play matches. As a consequence of congestive schedule, controlling the training load (TL) and thus the level of effort and fatigue of players to reach higher performances during the matches is therefore critical. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to provide the first report of seasonal internal and external training load that included Hooper Index (HI) scores in elite soccer players during an in-season period. Nineteen elite soccer players were sampled, using global position system to collect total distance, high-speed distance (HSD) and average speed (AvS). It was also collected session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and HI scores during the daily training sessions throughout the 2015-2016 in-season period. Data were analysed across ten mesocycles (M: 1 to 10) and collected according to the number of days prior to a one-match week. Total daily distance covered was higher at the start (M1 and M3) compared to the final mesocycle (M10) of the season. M1 (5589m) reached a greater distance than M5 (4473m) (ES = 9.33 [12.70, 5.95]) and M10 (4545m) (ES = 9.84 [13.39, 6.29]). M3 (5691m) reached a greater distance than M5 (ES = 9.07 [12.36, 5.78]), M7 (ES = 6.13 [8.48, 3.79]) and M10 (ES = 9.37 [12.76, 5.98]). High-speed running distance was greater in M1 (227m), than M5 (92m) (ES = 27.95 [37.68, 18.22]) and M10 (138m) (ES = 8.46 [11.55, 5.37]). Interestingly, the s-RPE response was higher in M1 (331au) in comparison to the last mesocycle (M10, 239au). HI showed minor variations across mesocycles and in days prior to the match. Every day prior to a match, all internal and external TL variables expressed significant lower values to other days prior to a match (p<0.01). In general, there were no differences between player positions. Conclusions: Our results reveal that despite the existence of some significant differences between mesocycles, there were minor changes across the in-season period for the internal and external TL variables used. Furthermore, it was observed that MD-1 presented a reduction of external TL (regardless of mesocycle) while internal TL variables did not have the same record during in-season match-day-minus.: The authors state that there were no salaries’ fund from a tobacco company. Also, the authors are not aware of any competing interests. This project was supported by the National Funds through FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (UID/DTP/04045/2013)—and the European Fund for Regional Development (FEDER) allocated by European Union through the COMPETE 2020 Programme (POCI-01-0145- FEDER-006969)—competitiveness and internationalization (POCI). All funding received for this work from any of the following organizations: National Institutes of Health (NIH); Welcome Trust; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparisons of external load variables among periods, playing status, and positions in professional soccer team: a case study

The aims of this study were to compare weekly variations of training monotony (TM) and training strain (TS) among peri ods of the season, playing status and playing positions in professional soccer athletes. Nineteen male professional soccer players were monitored daily over a 43-week period for their total distance, sprint distance ( . 23 km h21 ), acceleration (Acc, . 4ms22 ), and decelerations numbers (Dec, . 24ms22 ). Players were divided in groups of 10 starters and 9 non-starters; and by three central defenders (CD), four wide defenders (WD), four central midfielders (CM), four wide midfielders (WM), and four strikers (ST). Season data was divided in pre-, early-, mid-, and end-season. There were signifi cant differences for TM through sprint distance between playing positions in mid- and full-season. In mid-season, sprint distance was meaningfully greater for CD than WD (p = 0.006; g = 1.74 [0.06, 3.95]), CM (p = 0.002; g = 2.04 [0.28, 4.46]), WM (p = 0.005; g = 1.78 [0.09, 4.02]), and ST (p = 0.002; g = 2.05 [0.28, 4.46]). Regarding full-season, TM of sprint distance was significantly greater for CD than WD (p = 0.031; g = 1.59 [20.04, 3.73]), CM (p = 0.011; g = 1.83 [0.13, 4.11]), and ST (p = 0.023; g = 1.52 [20.10, 3.59]). The study revealed that TM and TS of sprint distance in mid-season was meaningfully greater for CD than for WD, CM, WM, and ST. No differences between starters and non-starters were found.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Acute and chronic workload ratios of perceived exertion, global positioning system, and running-based variables between starters and non-starters: a male professional team study

The study aim was 2-fold (i) to describe and compare the in-season variations of acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR) coupled, ACWR uncoupled, and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) through session-rated perceived exertion (s-RPE), total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSRD), and sprint distance across different periods of a professional soccer season (early, mid, and end-season) between starters and non-starters; (ii) to analyze the relationship the aforementioned measures across different periods of the season for starters and non-starters. Twenty elite soccer players (mean±SD age, 29.4±4.4 y; height, 1.8±0.1m; and body mass, 74.8±2.3kg). They were divided into starter and non-starter groups and were evaluated for 20weeks. ACWR had general changes throughout the season. At the beginning and end of the mid-season, the highest ACWR was observed in three parameters: s-RPE, TD, and HSRD. ACWR and EWMA through sprint distance were higher at the beginning of the early-season than at any other time of the season. The ACWR coupled of s-RPE shows a significant higher value for non-starters than starters (p=0.015; g=−1.01 [−1.98, −0.09]) and the ACWR coupled of TD shows a significant higher value for starters than non-starters in early-season (p<0.01; g=3.01 [1.78, 4.46]) and shows a significant higher value for non-starters than starters in mid-season (p<0.01; g=−2.52 [−3.83, −1.39]), and end-season (p<0.01; g=−2.57 [−3.89, −1.43]). While the EWMA of TD shows a significant higher value for starters than non-starters in early season (p<0.01; g=2.25 [1.17, 3.49]) and mid-season (p<0.01; g=2.42 [1.31, 3.71]), and shows a significant higher value for non-starters than starters in end-season (p<0.01; g=−2.23 [−3.47, −1.16]). Additionally, we found some correlations between external and internal load measures during three periods of the in-season. The study’s main finding was that the indexes of ACWR and EWMA were useful to detect differences between period and between playing status with the exception for the sprint variable. In addition, the necessary work for non-starter players’ improvement is not done during training, and these players lose their readiness as the season progresses. Consequently, these players perform poorly during the match. Therefore, coaches and their staff should consider devising new activities to keep non-starter players physically fit. This deficit must be accounted for in training because they compete in fewer matches and have less burden than starters.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Are acute:chronic workload ratios of perceived exertion and running based variables sensible to detect variations between player positions over the season? A soccer team study

Background: The aim of this study was to describe and compare the in-season variations of acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR) coupled, uncoupled, and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) through session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE), total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSRD) and sprint distance (SPRINT) in three diferent periods of an elite soccer season according to player positions. Methods: Twenty male elite players (age: 29.4±4.4) from an Asian First League team were daily monitored for twenty consecutive weeks during the 2017–2018 in-season. Forty-seven trainings and twenty matches were moni tored using global positioning system units (GPS) to collect TD, HSRD and SPRINT. Through the collection of s-RPE, TD, HSRD, and SPRINT by ACWR and EWMA were calculated for each training session. Results: The results revealed that according to diferent periods of the season, workload measures observed in mid season were meaningfully higher compared with early-season (g=ranging from 0.53 to 4.98) except for EWMASPRINT. In general, wingers and strikers tended to have greater scores in workload measures compared to the defenders and midfelders (g=ranging from 0.41 to 5.42). Conclusions: These fndings may provide detailed information for coaches and sports scientists regarding the vari ations of acute and chronic workload ratio and external loading in-season and between player positions in an elite soccer teaminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

In-season training load quantification of one-, two- and three-game week schedules in a top European professional soccer team

Top European soccer teams that play in UEFA competitions often participate in one, two- or three-games per week. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure optimal match-day performance and full recovery. The aim of this study was to quantify internal and external training load (TL) within five microcycles: M1 and M2 - one-game weeks; M3 and M4 - two-game weeks; M5 - three-game week). Thirteen elite soccer players participated in this study. A global positioning system (GPS) was used to measure the total distance covered and distances of different exercise training zones (1-5), the session ratings of perceived exertion (s-RPE) scores and the amount of creatine kinase (CK) created during daily training sessions for the 2015-2016 in-season period. The data were analysed with respect to the number of days prior to a given match. The main results indicate that there was a significant difference in training intensity for zone 1 between M2 and M4 (4010.2 ± 103.5 and 4507.6 ± 133.0 m, respectively); a significant difference in training intensity for zone 3 between M1 and M5 (686.1 ± 42.8 and 801.2 ± 61.2 m, respectively); a significant difference in the duration of the training sessions and matches between M2 and M5 (69.2 ± 2.1 and 79.6 ± 2.3) and M3 and M5 (69.7 ± 1.0 and 79.6 ± 2.3); and finally, there was a significant difference in CK between M3 and M2 (325.5 ± 155.0 and 194.4 ± 48.9). Moreover, there was a significant decrease in TL in the last day prior to a match, for all microcycles and all variables. There was no significant difference with respect to s-RPE. This study provides the first report of daily external and internal TLs and weekly accumulated load (training sessions and match demands) during one, two, and three-game week schedules in a group of elite soccer players. Expected significant differences are found in daily and accumulated loads for within- and between-game schedules. A similar pattern is exhibited for one- and two-game week microcycles regarding the day before the match, which exhibits a decrease in all variables. Despite the different number of games played per week, TL remain similar between microcycles for zone 2 and 5, plus s-RPE.This project was supported by the National Funds through FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (UID/DTP/04045/2013) and the European Fund for Regional Development (FEDER) allocated by European Union through the COMPETE 2020 Programme (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006969)—competitiveness and internationalization (POCI). The authors disclose funding received for this work from any of the following organizations: National Institutes of Health (NIH); Welcome Trust; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); and other(s).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Seasonal variations of the relationships between measures of training monotony and strain in professional soccer players

The purposes of this study were (a) to determine the variations in internal and external measures of training monotony (TM) and strain (TS) in professional soccer players according to periods of the season and playing positions, and (b) to analyze the relationships between internal and external measures of TM and TS. Twenty male professional players (age = 29.4 ± 4.4&nbsp;years) were followed for 20 weeks through session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE), total distance (TD), high-speed running distance (HSRD) and sprint distance (SpD). Regardless of measure, highest mean TM and TS scores were observed in mid-season and end-season. In general, wingers and strikers tended to have greater values in TM. Midfielders exhibited greater TS of TD and SpD. Correlation results for TM revealed that s-RPE was positively associated with SpD in early-season (r = 0.608) and negatively associated in mid-season (r = - 0.506). Regarding the TS, result demonstrated that s-RPE is negatively associated with HSRD in early-season (r = - 0.464) and positively associated in mid-season (r = 0.476). In general, there different meanings in correlations between internal and external measures across the season. On the one hand, our findings highlighted that TM and TS of professional soccer players is sensitive to period of the season and player's position, but on other hand, correlation analyses proved that changes in one external/internal measure does not cause changes in another external/internal measure which support the constant monitoring of these values across the season

Efeitos na composição corporal em jogadoras profissionais de futebol durante o período competitivo

The assessment of anthropometric and body composition variables has been considered crucial to improve soccer athletes’ performance and health. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyse the anthropometric and body composition effects in professional soccer women playersA avaliação de variáveis antropométricas e de composição corporal tem sido considerada crucial para melhorar o desempenho e a saúde de atletas de futebol. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos antropométricos e de composição corporal em jogadoras profissionais de futebol.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Smartpholio - Portefólio com smartphone aplicado ao ensino profissional

Este projeto foi desenvolvido durante a pandemia Covid 19, no âmbito do Mestrado Recursos Digitais em Educação da Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém. Destinado a alunos do ensino profissional, visa a implementação da metodologia Investigação-ação, na criação de e-portefólio, com recurso a smartphone. Designado de Smartpholio, o projeto propõe uma estrutura orientada pelo modelo de aprendizagem m-learning apoiado na utilização da estratégia “Bring Your Own Device” (BYOD). Aos alunos são disponibilizados Recursos Educativos Digitais compostos por: guia Smartpholio, e vídeos tutoriais, com princípios orientadores para o desenvolvimento de um e-portfólio, que visa a consolidação de competências digitais e comunicacionais, num registo informal e autónomo, no qual o aluno atua como autorregulador da sua aprendizagem. Esta, que pode ocorrer, a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar.This project was developed during the Covid 19 pandemic, within the scope of the Master’s in Digital Resources in Education at the Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Santarém. Aimed at vocational education students, it implements the Research-Action methodology, in the creation of an e-portfolio, using a smartphone. Named Smartpholio, the project proposes a structure guided by the m-learning learning model supported by the use of the “Bring Your Own Device” (BYOD) strategy. Students are provided with Digital Educational Resources consisting of: Smartpholio guide, and tutorial videos, with guiding principles for the development of an e-portfolio, which aims to consolidate digital and communication skills, in an informal and autonomous register, in which the student acts as a self-regulator of their learning. This one, which can happen at any time and in any place.N/