Fatores que afetam a ativação mental em universitários

This article deals with the issue of enhancing the mental activity of students of higher educational institutions during their professional training. A range of empirical and theoretical research methods are taken into account to clarify the content of the concept of "mental activity of university students", determine and experimentally investigate the factors influencing its activation. Based on the results, these factors include the humanization and psychologization of the educational process at the university, the creation of a safe socio-psychological environment at the university, the provision of a health-preserving focus of the educational process and the compliance with ergonomic requirements for it, the organization of training students in a cooperation mode and the use of innovative methods and technologies in the classroom that activate the mental activity of students.Este artículo trata el tema de potenciar la actividad mental de los estudiantes de instituciones de educación superior durante su formación profesional. Se tienen en cuenta una serie de métodos de investigación empíricos y teóricos para aclarar el contenido del concepto de "actividad mental de los estudiantes universitarios", y determinar e investigar experimentalmente los factores que influyen en su activación. Con base en los resultados, estos factores incluyen la humanización y psicologización del proceso educativo en la universidad, la creación de un ambiente sociopsicológico seguro en la universidad, la provisión de un enfoque de preservación de la salud del proceso educativo y el cumplimiento de requisitos ergonómicos para ello, la organización de la formación de los estudiantes en un modo de cooperación y el uso de métodos y tecnologías innovadoras en el aula que activan la actividad mental de los estudiantes.Este artigo trata da questão da valorização da atividade mental de estudantes de instituições de ensino superior durante sua formação profissional. Uma gama de métodos de pesquisa empíricos e teóricos são levados em consideração para esclarecer o conteúdo do conceito de "atividade mental de estudantes universitários", bem como para determinar e investigar experimentalmente os fatores que influenciam sua ativação. Com base nos resultados, esses fatores incluem a humanização e psicologização do processo educacional na universidade, a criação de um ambiente sociopsicológico seguro na instituição, a oferta de um foco de preservação da saúde do processo educacional e o cumprimento de requisitos ergonômicos para isso, além da organização do treinamento dos alunos em modo de cooperação e do uso de métodos e tecnologias inovadoras, em sala de aula, que ativam a atividade mental dos alunos

Analysis of epidemiological situation of iodine deficiency in Tomsk region from 1998 to 2014

The purpose of the present research is the comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation of iodine deficiency in the Tomsk region from 1998 to 2014. There were examined 9901 and 15174 children of the school age including within the medical examination of the children's population in 1998 and 2014 in Tomsk. At all school pupils there were analyzed anamnestic data and carried out anthropometrical measurements, ultrasonography of the thyroid gland was carried out using the portable scanner "Aloka SSD 500" with the linear sensor of 7,5 MHz frequency in the real time, the thyroid volume was evaluated according to Delange (1997). The excretion of inorganic iodine was determined at 264 in 1998 and at 120 children in 2014, respectively, in a one-time portion of urine by the cerium-arsenic method. There was additionally carried out the analysis of results of determination of TSH at 10717 in 1998, and at 15091 in 2014 in a spot of the whole blood at newborn children on the 4-5 day after birth at full-term and on the 7-14 day at prematurely born children. Neonatal TSH in the dried-up samples of capillary blood was determined by the method of the fluorometric immune-ferment analysis with the use of sets of TSH-Neonatal: Delfia, Finland. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out with the use of the applied software package pspp. The descriptive analysis included calculation of the median for the quantitative and the calculation of frequencies for qualitative data. The comparative analysis included calculation of distinctions reliability by the Mann-Whitney criterion for independent and to Wilcoxon's criterion for dependent data. The comparative analysis of epidemiological situation of iodine deficiency in Tomsk and the Tomsk region in 1998 and 2014 specifies decreasing the iodine deficiency diseases in the Tomsk region, increasing the iodine provision of the population within 15 years by 27%, decreasing neonatal hyperthyroidism by 1.5 times

Activity of phenoxy-imine titanium catalysts in ethylene polymerization : A quantum chemical approach

The mechanism of ethylene polymerization on phenoxy-imine (FI) titanium catalysts was studied theoretically to identify the major factors affecting the catalytic activity. Geometry optimizations of FI ligands, octahedral titanium dichloride complexes, active cationic species, and their π‐complexes with ethylene as well as calculations of the energy profile of chain propagation were performed at the BP86-D3 level. We found that the calculated energy gaps between frontier orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) in the active cations of the catalysts correlate with the experimental activity values. High activities of FI catalysts with α‐Cumyl groups were attributed to smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps due to hyperconjugation between π-systems of α‐Cumyl and (N‐aryl)salicylaldimine moieties in the active cations. The correlation provides a qualitative estimate of the catalytic activity for further design of new FI titanium complexes

Glutamatergic Fate of Neural Progenitor Cells of Rats with Inherited Audiogenic Epilepsy

Epilepsy is associated with aberrant neurogenesis in the hippocampus and may underlie the development of hereditary epilepsy. In the present study, we analyzed the differentiation fate of neural progenitor cells (NPC), which were isolated from the hippocampus of embryos of Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) rats genetically prone to audiogenic epilepsy. NPCs from embryos of Wistar rats were used as the control. We found principal differences between Wistar and KM NPC in unstimulated controls: Wistar NPC culture contained both gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamatergic neurons; KM NPC culture was mainly represented by glutamatergic cells. The stimulation of glutamatergic differentiation of Wistar NPC resulted in a significant increase in glutamatergic cell number that was accompanied by the activation of protein kinase A. The stimulation of KM NPC led to a decrease in immature glutamatergic cell number and was associated with the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B/ glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (Akt/GSK3β), which indicates the activation of glutamatergic cell maturation. These results suggest genetically programmed abnormalities in KM rats that determine the glutamatergic fate of NPC and contribute to the development of audiogenic epilepsy