Difficult Mask Ventilation in Obese Patients: New Predictive Tests?

Aim:The aim of our study was to evaluate specific factors in predicting difficult mask ventilation (DMV) in obese patients undergoing elective surgery.Methods:This prospective and observational study was performed in 90 obese patients. We assessed age, height, weight, sex, body mass index (BMI), dental structure, presence of facial hair, modified Mallampati test result, mouth opening, thyromental distance (TMD), sternomental distance, mandibular protrusion, mandibular length, neck circumference (NC), neck length, upper lip bite test result, height to TMD ratio, NC to TMD ratio (NC/TMD), and history of snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome for estimation of DMV.Results:The mean age of the patients was 40.9±9.4 years and the mean BMI was 44.7±6.2 kg/m2. Of all patients 38.9% were determined to have DMV. Clinical variables associated with DMV were male gender, mandibular length, snoring, NC, and NC/TMD. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (p=0.047) and snoring (p=0.02) were independent factors.Conclusion:We believe that NC/TMD and ML are predictive tests for DMV in obese patients. Tests and measurements at the bedside are not sufficient alone and we believe that they will be more reliable when considered together

Efectos del mantenimiento de varias anestesias sobre los niveles séricos de selenio, cobre, cinc y hierro y la capacidad antioxidante

ResumenJustificación y objetivosInvestigar los efectos del mantenimiento de sevoflurano, desflurano y propofol sobre los niveles séricos de selenio, cobre, cinc, hierro y malondialdehído, las medidas de glutatión peroxidasa y la capacidad antioxidante.MétodosFueron ubicados en 3 grupos 60 pacientes programados para cirugía unilateral de miembros inferiores, realizada con torniquete bajo anestesia general. Fueron recogidas muestras de sangre para determinar los niveles séricos basales de selenio, cobre, cinc, hierro, malondialdehído y glutatión peroxidasa. La anestesia fue inducida con 2-2,5mg/kg−1 de propofol, 1mg/kg−1 de lidocaína y 0,6mg/kg−1 de rocuronio. En el mantenimiento de la anestesia, bajo gas portador de 50% de O2 y 50% de N2O (4L/min−1), sevoflurano a 1CAM fue administrado al grupo S; y desflurano a 1CAM al grupo D y bajo gas portador en mezcla de 50% O2 y 50% aire (4L/min−1), 6mg/kg/h−1 de propofol y 1μg/kg/h−1 de fentanilo fueron administrados al grupo P. En el postoperatorio se recogieron de nuevo muestras de sangre.ResultadosSolamente en los grupos S y P los niveles de malondialdehído disminuyeron en las 48h del postoperatorio; los niveles de glutatión peroxidasa aumentaron en comparación con los valores basales. Los niveles de selenio disminuyeron en el grupo S y en el grupo P, los niveles de cinc disminuyeron en el grupo P, los de hierro disminuyeron en todos los grupos y no hubo alteración en los niveles de cobre en ningún grupo en el período postoperatorio.ConclusiónDe acuerdo con los marcadores de malondialdehído y glutatión peroxidasa, llegamos a la conclusión de que el mantenimiento de la anestesia general con propofol y sevoflurano activó el sistema antioxidante contra el estrés oxidativo y el uso de desflurano no tuvo efectos sobre el estrés oxidativo y el sistema antioxidante.AbstractBackground and objectivesIn this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of sevoflurane, desflurane and propofol maintenances on serum levels of selenium, copper, zinc, iron, malondialdehyde, and glutathion peroxidase measurements, and antioxidant capacity.Methods60 patients scheduled for unilateral lower extremity surgery which would be performed with tourniquet under general anesthesia were divided into three groups. Blood samples were collected to determine the baseline serum levels of selenium, copper, zinc, iron, malondialdehyde and glutathion peroxidase. Anesthesia was induced using 2-2.5mg/kg−1 propofol, 1mg/kg−1 lidocaine and 0.6mg/kg−1 rocuronium. In the maintenance of anesthesia, under carrier gas of 50:50% O2:N2O 4L/min−1, 1MAC sevoflorane was administered to group S and 1MAC desflurane to group D; and under carrier gas of 50:50% O2:air 4L/min−1 6mg/kg/h−1 propofol and 1μg/kg/h−1 fentanyl infusion were administered to group P. At postoperative blood specimens were collected again.ResultsIt was observed that only in group S and P, levels of malondialdehyde decreased at postoperative 48th hour; levels of glutathion peroxidase increased in comparison to the baseline values. Selenium levels decreased in group S and group P, zinc levels decreased in group P, and iron levels decreased in all three groups, and copper levels did not change in any groups in the postoperative period.ConclusionAccording to the markers of malondialdehyde and glutathion peroxidase, it was concluded that maintenance of general anesthesia using propofol and sevoflurane activated the antioxidant system against oxidative stress and using desflurane had no effects on oxidative stress and antioxidant system

Cubic-phase zirconia nano-island growth using atomic layer deposition and application in low-power charge-trapping nonvolatile-memory devices

The manipulation of matter at the nanoscale enables the generation of properties in a material that would otherwise be challenging or impossible to realize in the bulk state. Here, we demonstrate growth of zirconia nano-islands using atomic layer deposition on different substrate terminations. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman measurements indicate that the nano-islands consist of nano-crystallites of the cubic-crystalline phase, which results in a higher dielectric constant (κ ∼ 35) than the amorphous phase case (κ ∼ 20). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that a deep quantum well is formed in the Al2O3/ZrO2/Al2O3 system, which is substantially different to that in the bulk state of zirconia and is more favorable for memory application. Finally, a memory device with a ZrO2 nano-island charge-trapping layer is fabricated, and a wide memory window of 4.5 V is obtained at a low programming voltage of 5 V due to the large dielectric constant of the islands in addition to excellent endurance and retention characteristics. © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd

Effects of Preoperative Anxiety and General Anesthetic Administration on Intraoperative Awareness in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section

Aim:The aim was to investigate the effects of preoperative anxiety and general anesthetic administrations on intraoperative awareness among patients undergoing cesarean section.Methods:This prospective randomized study included 90 pregnant subjects. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The patients were divided into three groups: group P received propofol 2.5 mg/kg, group T thiopental 5 mg/kg and group K received ketamine 1 mg/kg. Data on intraoperative hemodynamics, isolated forearm (IFA) responses and time to first pain and to first analgesic requirement evaluated using postoperative numerical rating scale were recorded. The Modified Brice Scale (MBS) was used to assess awareness.Results:The preoperative anxiety levels in the groups were low and demographic data were similar (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in IFA response between the groups (p>0.05). Group T had higher MAP at all times and NRS values at hour 0 compared to the other groups (p<0.05), and had shorter time to first analgesic requirement (p<0.05). MBS responses were evaluated as recall in 12 cases in group K, four in group P and three in group T.Conclusion:As the anxiety levels in pregnants were low, the superiority of agents used in induction over each other regarding awareness could not be shown

İşletmelerin çalışanlarına karşı kurumsal sosyal sorumluluklarının iş tatmini üzerine etkisi ve bir uygulama

Anahtar Kelimeler : Sosyal Sorumluluk, İş Tatmini İŞLETMELERİN ÇALIŞANLARINA KARŞI KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUKLARININ İŞ TATMİNİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ VE BİR UYGULAMA Bu çalışmanın amacı, işletmelerin çalışanlarına karşı kurumsal sosyal sorumluluklarının iş tatmini üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Bu bağlamda işletmelerin çalışanlarına karşı sosyal sorumlulukları belirlenmiş ve iş tatmini üzerinde etkisi olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bunun yanında, iş tatmininin yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, pozisyon, işteki çalışma süresinden etkilenip etkilenmediğinin belirlenmesi bu çalışmanın alt hipotezleri arasındadır. Bu amaçla Kocaeli Büyükşehir Belediyesi İSU Genel Müdürlüğü’nde çalışanlarla bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın hipotezleri frekans dağılım, ortalama, standart sapma, Anova ve Tukey analizleri yoluyla test edilmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda işletmelerin çalışanlarına karşı kurumsal sosyal sorumluluklarının iş tatmini üzerinde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Keywords : Social responsibility, job satisfaction. SUMMARY THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMPANIES ON EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION: AN AMPRİCAL ANALYSİS The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between companies’ social responsibility and job satisfaction. Social responsibilities, which companies implement for their employees, were identified and it was explained that on which dimension the impact of job satisfaction is realised. It is among, the hypotheses of the study, to identify whether the job satisfaction is different according to age, gender, educational status, position and seniority. A survey was carried out with employees of İSU General Management of Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality for this purpose. Hypothesis of the study analysis the frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, were tested by ANOVA and Tukey. The results of the research show that the effects of social responsibilities of the companies on their staff will be affected by job satisfactions

INVESTIGATION OF DIFFERENT RING SPINNING METHODS FOR PRODUCING CORE SPUN YARNS CONTAINING STAINLESS STEEL WIRE

The purpose of this work was to determine the content of heavy metals such as antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium in leather used by producing baby bootees and to compare the limit values for leather and textiles. It was concluded that heavy metal content of finished leathers depended mainly on the chemicals used in processing; in particular, high chromium contents were determined. Moreover, small amounts of antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, lead, mercury and selenium deriving from chemical and physical reactions during dyeing and finishing processes were detected

Electromagnetic shielding characteristics of different fabrics knitted from yarns containing stainless steel wire

In this study, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of various knitted structures made of Siro core-spun cotton yarns containing stainless steel wire is investigated. Electromagnetic shielding values of various knitted structures are determined by a coaxial test fixture relating to ASTM D 4935 test standards. Measurements are made in the frequency range of 30 MHz-1.73 GHz. Test results show that knitted fabrics investigated in this study have 10-20 dB shielding effectiveness for incident frequency. Also it is seen that the differences of knitted structure have an influence on the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of fabrics