Effect of increasing paternal body mass index on pregnancy and live birth rates in couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection

In this study, our purpose was to investigate the possible effect of paternal obesity on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes on the basis of clinical pregnancy outcome. Antropometric measurements of 155 couples, referred to our infertility clinic and who underwent an ICSI cycle, have been evaluated. The study sample were divided into three groups with respect to paternal body mass index (BMI), as normal weight (BMI: 20-24.9), overweight (BMI: 25-29.9) and obese (BMI30). Results of conventional semen analysis were also analysed. Clinical pregnancy data, including fertilisation rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate, were evaluated. Paternal obesity was a significant negative factor for sperm concentration and sperm motility (P=0.03 and P=0.01 respectively). A significant decrease of clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate was associated with increased paternal BMI (P=0.04 and P=0.03 respectively). We have not determined a significant difference among groups in terms of fertilisation rate and implantation rate. This study demonstrates that increasing paternal BMI has a negative influence on ICSI success, including clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate. There is a need for further studies to point the importance of lifestyle changes in order to overcome the negative influence of paternal obesity on couple's fertility

N-acetyl cysteine attenuates diazinon exposure-induced oxidative stress in rat testis

The aim of this study was to investigate the gonadotoxic effects of diazinon and its mechanism of action with special reference to its possible reactive oxygen species generating potential in rat testis and the protective effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) on the exposure of diazinon. The vehicle was given orally to the control group and NAC, diazinon, combination of NAC and diazinon were given to three treatment groups for 4weeks. Testis lipid peroxidation levels were higher in diazinon group than in control although lipid peroxidation levels were lower in diazinon+NAC group than in diazinon group. The reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were lower in diazinon group than in control and NAC group although its levels were higher in diazinon+NAC group than in diazinon group. Vitamin C, Vitamin E and -carotene concentrations were also lower in diazinon group than in control and NAC groups. Vitamin E and -carotene concentrations were higher in diazinon+NAC group than diazinon group. Glutathione peroxidase activity and vitamin A concentrations in the testis did not show any difference between the four groups. In conclusion, we observed that NAC treatment modulated diazinon-induced oxidative injury in the rat testis. These findings suggest that NAC supplementation can be useful in testis oxidative injury caused by the organophosphate insecticides

Protective Effects of Quercetin on Oxidative Stress-Induced Tubular Epithelial Damage in the Experimental Rat Hyperoxaluria Model

Background and Objectives: The most common kidney stones are calcium stones and calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are the most common type of calcium stones. Hyperoxaluria is an essential risk factor for the formation of these stones. Quercetin is a polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and many other physiological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of quercetin in hyperoxaluria-induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 250–300 g (n = 24) were randomized into three groups: Control (n = 8), ethylene glycol (EG) (n = 8), and EG + quercetin (n = 8). One percent EG-water solution was given to all rats except for the control group as drinking water for five weeks. Quercetin-water solution was given to the EG + quercetin group by oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), urea, calcium, and oxalate levels were analyzed in blood and urine samples. Histopathological assessments and immunohistochemical analyses for oxidative stress and inflammation indicators p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) were performed on renal tissues. Results: The MDA levels were significantly lower in the quercetin-treated group than in the EG-treated group (p = 0.001). Although CAT levels were higher in the quercetin-treated group than the EG-administered group, they were not significantly different between these groups. The expression of p38 MAPK was significantly less in the quercetin-treated group than the EG group (p < 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference between the quercetin and EG groups in terms of NF-kB expression. Conclusions: We conclude that hyperoxaluria activated the signaling pathways, which facilitate the oxidative processes leading to oxalate stone formation in the kidneys. Our findings indicated that quercetin reduced damage due to hyperoxaluria. These results imply that quercetin can be considered a therapeutic agent for decreasing oxalate stone formation, especially in patients with recurrent stones due to hyperoxaluria

Renal Anjiomyolipom: İki Olgu Sunumu

Amaç: Anjiomyolipom değişen oranlarda düz kas, displastik kan damarları ve yağ dokusundan oluşan en sık görülen benign mezenkimal böbrek tümörüdür. Anjiomiyolipomlar sıklıkla tuberoskleroz ile ilişkilidir bununla birlikte yaklaşık % 80’i sporadik gelişir ve genellikle büyük, semptomatik, tek ve unilateraldir. 4 cm üzeri tümörler spontan kanama riski taşırlar. Bu yazıda bu nadir lezyonun klinik, histopatolojik özellikleri ve ayırıcı tanısı tartışılmıştır. Olgular: Tümör içerisine spontan kanama ve rüptür gelişen bir olgu ile diğeri düz kastan zengin multipl nodüllü özellikte olan iki olgu sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar: Anjiomyolipomlar benign tümörler olmalarına rağmen 4 cm üzeri tümörler spontan kanama riski taşırlar ve ölüme neden olabilirler. Diğer taraftan ikinci olguda olduğu gibi anjiomyolipomların düz kastan zengin formları ve multipl olmaları nadir bulgulardır

Cancer detection rates of different prostate biopsy regimens in patients with renal failure

We aimed to evaluate the cancer detection rates of 6-, 10-, 12-core biopsy regimens and the optimal biopsy protocol for prostate cancer diagnosis in patients with renal failure. A total of 122 consecutive patients with renal failure underwent biopsy with age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels up to 20 ng/mL. The 12-core biopsy technique (sextant biopsy + lateral base, lateral mid-zone, lateral apex, bilaterally) performed to all patients. Pathology results were examined separately for each sextant, 10-core that exclude parasagittal mid-zones from 12-cores (10a), 10-core that exclude apex zones from 12-cores (10b) and 12-core biopsy regimens. Of 122 patients, 37 (30.3%) were positive for prostate cancer. The cancer detection rates for sextant, 10a, 10b and 12 cores were 17.2%, 29%, 23.7% and 30.7%, respectively. Biopsy techniques of 10a, 10b and 12 cores increased the cancer detection rates by 40%, 27.5% and 43.2% among the sextant technique, respectively. Biopsy techniques of 10a and 12 cores increased the cancer detection rates by 17.1% and 21.6% among 10b biopsy technique, respectively. There were no statistical differences between 12 core and 10a core about cancer detection rate. Adding lateral cores to sextant biopsy improves the cancer detection rates. In our study, 12-core biopsy technique increases the cancer detection rate by 5.4% among 10a core but that was not statistically different. On the other hand, 12-core biopsy technique includes all biopsy regimens. We therefore suggest 12-core biopsy or minimum 10-core strategy incorporating six peripheral biopsies with elevated age-specific PSA levels up to 20 ng/mL in patients with renal failure

Ciprofloxacin-Ceftriaxone Combination Prophylaxis for Prostate Biopsy; Infective Complications

Aim: To present our clinical experience about infective complications due to ultrasound guided transrectal prostate biopsy under ciprofloxacin plus third-generation cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone) combination prophylaxis. Material and Method: The 1193 patients that used combination of ceftriaxone 1 g intramuscular 1 hour before biopsy and ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice a day for 5 days after biopsy were included to study. Before biopsy, urine analysis and urinary cultures were not performed routinely. Serious infective complications such as acute prostatitis and urosepsis, causing microorganisms were evaluated. Results: Serious infective complications occurred in (1.3%) 16 patients. Fifteen of them had acute prostatitis and urine culture results were positive in 10/15 patients for Escherichia coli. The strains were uniformly resistant to ciprofloxacin. Only 1 patient had urosepsis and his blood and urine cultures demonstrated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) Escherichia coli also resistant to ciprofloxacin. Antibiotic treatment-related side effects were not observed in any patient. Discussion: Although there is not a certain procedure, ciprofloxacin is the most common used antibiotic for transrectal prostate biopsy prophylaxis. On the other hand, the incidence of ciprofloxacin resistant Escherichia coli strain is increasing. Thus, new prophylaxis strategies have to be discussed. Ceftriaxone plus ciprofloxacin prophylaxis is safe and can be useable option for prophylaxis of prostate biopsy