1,407 research outputs found
Thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric layered cobalt oxides measured by the Harman method
In-plane thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric layered cobalt oxides has
been measured using the Harman method, in which thermal conductivity is
obtained from temperature gradient induced by applied current. We have found
that the charge reservoir block (the block other than the CoO block)
dominates the thermal conduction, where a nano-block integration concept is
effective for material design. We have further found that the thermal
conductivity shows a small but finite in-plane anisotropy between and
axes, which can be ascribed to the misfit structure.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, J. Appl. Phys. (scheduled on July 1, 2004
Opening of a pseudogap in a quasi-two dimensional superconductor due to critical thermal fluctuations
We examine the role of the anisotropy of superconducting critical thermal
fluctuations in the opening of a pseudogap in a quasi-two dimensional
superconductor such as a cuprate-oxide high-temperature superconductor. When
the anisotropy between planes and their perpendicular axis is large enough and
its superconducting critical temperature T_c is high enough, the fluctuations
are much developed in its critical region so that lifetime widths of
quasiparticles are large and the energy dependence of the selfenergy deviates
from that of Landau's normal Fermi liquids. A pseudogap opens in such a
critical region because quasiparticle spectra around the chemical potential are
swept away due to the large lifetime widths. The pseudogap never smoothly
evolves into a superconducting gap; it starts to open at a temperature higher
than T_c while the superconducting gap starts to open just at T_c. When T_c is
rather low but the ratio of varepsilon_G(0)/k_BT_c, with varepsilon_G(0) the
superconducting gap at T=0K and k_B the Boltzmann constant, is much larger than
a value about 4 according to the mean-field theory, the pseudogap must be
closing as temperature T approaches to the low T_c because thermal fluctuations
become less developed as T decreases. Critical thermal fluctuations cannot
cause the opening of a prominent pseudogap in an almost isotropic three
dimensional superconductor, even if its T_c is high.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures (14 subfigures
Resonant X-Ray Scattering from the Quadrupolar Ordering Phase of CeB_6
We theoretically investigate the origin of the resonant x-ray scattering
(RXS) signal near the Ce absorption edge in the quadrupolar ordering
phase of CeB, considering the intersite interaction between the
states in the initial state. The anisotropic charge distribution of the
states modulates the states through the intra-atomic Coulomb interaction
and thereby generates a large RXS superlattice intensity. The temperature and
magnetic field dependence indicates that the induced dipolar and octupolar
orders have little influence on the RXS spectra, in good agreement with the
recent experiment.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Three-dimensional crystal orientation of blue phase liquid crystals on surfaces
SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, 2018, San Diego, California, United StatesH. Yoshida, M. Takahashi, T. Ohkawa, J.-i. Fukuda, H. Kikuchi, and M. Ozaki "Three-dimensional crystal orientation of blue phase liquid crystals on surfaces", Proc. SPIE 10735, Liquid Crystals XXII, 107350I (14 September 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.232315
Exact Ground States in Spin Systems with Orbital Degeneracy
We present exact ground states in spin models with orbital generacy in one
and higher dimensions. A method to obtain the exact ground states of the models
when the Hamiltonians are composed of the products of two commutable operators
is proposed. For the case of the spin-1/2 model with two-fold degeneracy some
exact ground states are given, such as the Valence-Bond (VB), the magnetically
ordered, and the orbitally ordered states under particular parameter regimes.
We also find the models with the higher spin and degeneracy which have the new
types of VB ground states in the spin and the orbital sectors.Comment: 4 pages(JPSJ.sty), 2 figures(EPS), to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
68, No.2 (1999) 32
Tissue-specific expression of histone H3 variants diversified after species separation
Additional file 3: Predicted CDS of human histone H3/H4 variants, contains Table S2, which lists the CDS locus information of the predicted human histone H3 and H4 variants in an Excel file
Exosomes containing HIV protein Nef reorganize lipid rafts potentiating inflammatory response in bystander cells.
HIV infection has a profound effect on "bystander" cells causing metabolic co-morbidities. This may be mediated by exosomes secreted by HIV-infected cells and containing viral factors. Here we show that exosomes containing HIV-1 protein Nef (exNef) are rapidly taken up by macrophages releasing Nef into the cell interior. This caused down-regulation of ABCA1, reduction of cholesterol efflux and sharp elevation of the abundance of lipid rafts through reduced activation of small GTPase Cdc42 and decreased actin polymerization. Changes in rafts led to re-localization of TLR4 and TREM-1 to rafts, phosphorylation of ERK1/2, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The effects of exNef on lipid rafts and on inflammation were reversed by overexpression of a constitutively active mutant of Cdc42. Similar effects were observed in macrophages treated with exosomes produced by HIV-infected cells or isolated from plasma of HIV-infected subjects, but not with exosomes from cells and subjects infected with ΔNef-HIV or uninfected subjects. Mice injected with exNef exhibited monocytosis, reduced ABCA1 in macrophages, increased raft abundance in monocytes and augmented inflammation. Thus, Nef-containing exosomes potentiated pro-inflammatory response by inducing changes in cholesterol metabolism and reorganizing lipid rafts. These mechanisms may contribute to HIV-associated metabolic co-morbidities
Spin-orbit terms in multi-subband electron systems: A bridge between bulk and two-dimensional Hamiltonians
We analyze the spin-orbit terms in multi-subband quasi-two-dimensional
electron systems, and how they descend from the bulk Hamiltonian of the
conduction band. Measurements of spin-orbit terms in one subband alone are
shown to give incomplete information on the spin-orbit Hamiltonian of the
system. They should be complemented by measurements of inter-subband spin-orbit
matrix elements. Tuning electron energy levels with a quantizing magnetic field
is proposed as an experimental approach to this problem.Comment: Typos noticed in the published version have been corrected and
several references added. Published in the special issue of Semiconductors in
memory of V.I. Pere
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