Knowledge Transfer and Teaching Public Administration: the Academy Model

Since the beginnings of Public Administration in the US and its accompanying education in other parts of the world, government and policy have become more complex. The education in Public Administration created a professional pathway to public service. The addition of education to Public Administration came out of the Progressive Movement in the United States to make knowledge in Public Administration more important in the face of corruption brought on by patronage appointments. When nonprofits became part the US public sector as elsewhere along with nonprofit healthcare, the complexity expanded enormously, requiring professionals to know more in what has become a multidisciplinary field of study. Given the diversity and complexity of the public sector and the need for Public Administration to embrace more knowledge from many disciplines, it stands to reason that an earlier start on the education portion of Public Administration or a pathway would be beneficial. A model of early Public Administration knowledge transfer is described and illustrated below. The Academy described is based on the US career pathways and high school academies as part of the school to work educational movement. The success of the combination of these two areas will also be pointed out in the academy described. Translation of lessons learned from the Acdemy to Europe and Asia are also considered

Insoluble Residue Studies of the Columbus and Delaware Limestones in Ohio

Author Institution: Department of Geology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 10 ; Columbus, Ohio ; Standard Oil Company of Texas, Houston Texas and Lion Oil Company, Denver Colorad

Ohio Northern Alumnus - July, 1927

https://digitalcommons.onu.edu/alumni_mag/1001/thumbnail.jp

Long-term all-sites cancer mortality time trends in Ohio, USA, 1970–2001: differences by race, gender and age

BACKGROUND: There were significant changes in cancer mortality in the USA over the last several decades, in the whole country and in particular states. However, no in depth analysis has been published so far, dealing with changes in mortality time trends in the state of Ohio. Since the state of Ohio belongs to the states of relatively high level of all-sites mortality in both males and females, it is of interest to analyze recent changes in mortality rates, as well as to compare them with the situation in the rest of the USA. The main aim of this study was to analyze, describe and interpret all-sites cancer mortality time trends in the population of the State of Ohio. METHODS: Cancer mortality data by age, sex, race and year for the period 1970–2001 were obtained from the Surveillance Research Program of the National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software. A joinpoint regression methodology was used to provide estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and to detect points in time where significant changes in the trends occurred. RESULTS: In both, males and females mortality rates were higher in blacks compared with whites. The difference was bigger in males (39.9%) than in women (23.3%). Mortality rates in Ohio are generally higher than average USA rates – an overall difference was 7.5% in men in 1997–2001, and 6.1% in women. All-sites mortality trends in Ohio and in the whole USA are similar. However, in general, mortality rates in Ohio remained elevated compared with the USA rates throughout the entire analyzed period. The exceptions are the rates in young and middle-aged African Americans. CONCLUSION: Although direction of time trends in Ohio are similar in Ohio and the whole US, Ohio still have cancer mortality rates higher than the US average. In addition, there is a significant discrepancy between white and black population of Ohio in all-sites mortality level, with disadvantage for Blacks. To diminish disparities in cancer mortality between African Americans and white inhabitants of Ohio efforts should be focused on increasing knowledge of black people regarding healthy lifestyle and behavioral risk factors, but also on diminishing socioeconomic differences, and last but not least, on better access to medical care

Clear purpose or sheer survival? National ministerial leadership across multiple arenas

Day-to-day political life for the most senior national politicians can be very pressurized and exposed. How they as individuals cope with constant challenges and make the most of opportunities for leadership is an under researched area. This is addressed in this interpretive study of the personal accounts of a small group of prominent U.K. politicians as they reflect, soon after leaving office, on their experiences as national ministers. The article connects generic leadership theory around practice and purpose with political leadership studies as a basis for a thematic analysis of ministers’ experiences across three key prominent arenas of ministerial life: relationships with the Prime Minister’s office, within their departments, and with their constituencies. Analysis of findings leads to a proposed analytical framework of active leadership in their everyday experience. The article concludes that active leadership practice is difficult but possible for leading national politicians

Cooling the dark energy camera instrument

DECam, camera for the Dark Energy Survey (DES), is undergoing general design and component testing. For an overview see DePoy, et al in these proceedings. For a description of the imager, see Cease, et al in these proceedings. The CCD instrument will be mounted at the prime focus of the CTIO Blanco 4m telescope. The instrument temperature will be 173K with a heat load of 113W. In similar applications, cooling CCD instruments at the prime focus has been accomplished by three general methods. Liquid nitrogen reservoirs have been constructed to operate in any orientation, pulse tube cryocoolers have been used when tilt angles are limited and Joule-Thompson or Stirling cryocoolers have been used with smaller heat loads. Gifford-MacMahon cooling has been used at the Cassegrain but not at the prime focus. For DES, the combined requirements of high heat load, temperature stability, low vibration, operation in any orientation, liquid nitrogen cost and limited space available led to the design of a pumped, closed loop, circulating nitrogen system. At zenith the instrument will be twelve meters above the pump/cryocooler station. This cooling system expected to have a 10,000 hour maintenance interval. This paper will describe the engineering basis including the thermal model, unbalanced forces, cooldown time, the single and two-phase flow model

A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring

Existing crop monitoring programs determine the incidence and distribution of plant diseases and pathogens and assess the damage caused within a crop production region. These programs have traditionally used observed or predicted disease and pathogen data and environmental information to prescribe management practices that minimize crop loss (3,69). Monitoring programs are especially important for crops with broad geographic distribution or for diseases that can cause rapid and great economic losses. Successful monitoring programs have been developed for several plant diseases, including downy mildew of cucurbits, Fusarium head blight of wheat, potato late blight, and rusts of cereal crops (13,36,51,80)

Condition Evaluation of In-service Chemically Stabilized Subgrades in a High Sulfate Environment

State Job No. 135443This project included measurements of strength properties, soil properties, and chemical content of natural and chemically stabilized subgrade soil from five projects across Ohio, three from sites that have historically had high sulfate content, and two that have not. The objective was to compare the properties of the soils from the sites and determine if there were crystals of ettringite or thaumasite in the soil, which would indicate potential for heaving. Site testing included PSPA, FWD, LWD, DCP, SPT, an informal distress survey, and collection of soil specimens for laboratory analysis, which included standard soils tests (Grain size, Atterberg limits, organic content, moisture content, pH, and sulfate content as determined in Ohio Supplement 1122), and chemistry analysis comprising neutralization potential, and X-ray diffraction. In the control sections, measured sulfate levels were low in the natural subgrade and higher in the stabilized subgrade but still below the criterion of concern at 3000 ppm. In the high sulfate sections, natural subgrade had still higher sulfate content, but still usually below 3000 ppm, while the stabilized subgrade generally had content above 3000 ppm, but no more than 6500 ppm to 9500 ppm depending on the site. However, the X-ray diffraction found no measurable quantity of ettringite or thaumasite crystals, indicating that conditions for formation were not met at any of the sites. The pH of stabilized soil at all locations was just above 10, which was one condition that was met. None of the pavements showed any signs of damage due to sulfate heaving. The continued practice of global stabilization of subgrade soil is recommended. The undercut section on LAK-2 showed less variability than the other section, and this approach may be considered where cost effective

Streamlining Local-Let Federal-Aid Transportation Processes in Ohio

SJN 135519Ohio\u2019s local public agencies (LPAs) administer an average of $335 million of Federal-aid projects annually through the ODOT local-let program. ODOT has made significant strides to improve the efficiency of its Federal-aid program delivery process for LPA-administered projects in recent years. The objective of this research was to undertake a review of ODOT\u2019s local-let program requirements in the areas of real estate/right-of-way, construction contract administration, and finance to determine if any additional process streamlining could be achieved. This review found that a vast majority of activities LPAs are required to perform as part of Federal-aid project administration were consistent with applicable Federal requirements. Outreach to Ohio\u2019s LPAs and other State DOTs yielded valuable insight on best practices and potential strategies for streamlining the administration of Federal-aid projects by Ohio\u2019s LPAs at both the project and program level. Eight recommendations for streamlining are presented; implementation of these recommendations is expected to result in improvements to the delivery of ODOT\u2019s local-let program, including more efficient use of ODOT and LPA resources, cost and time savings for project delivery, and greater clarity on program performance