ナンキョク チイキ ニ オケル ソクチ カンソク ニ ツイテ

第4次観測に於ては,天測点1点,基線5本を含む合計12点の基準点を設置した.その内訳は西オングル島内に4点,東オングル島に1点,ネスオイヤ島に1点,昭和基地西南方大陸上に3点,パッダ島内に3点(うち一点は天測点)で,基線は東オングル島より,西オングル島に向って1本,大陸に向って3本,合計4点を設置した

ダイ4ジ ナンキョク チイキ カンソクタイ ジュウリョク ブモン ホウコク

Gravity value at Astronomical point, Syowa station, was determined by observations with a WORDEN gravimeter in the third Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition 1958-59, and the following result has been obtained: g_=982.540cm/sec^2 Latitude 69°00\u274S Longitude 39 35.4E Height 29.2m relative to g_=979.6470cm/sec^2. The accuracy of this value was estimated to be a few milligals by investigating the drift of the gravimeter during the period of the expedition and considering the uncertainty in the scale value of the gravimeter. This estimation was, however, based on several assumptions and the result may include a serious error. Fortunately, Syowa Station has been built on the ground and not on ice, therefore, we can reoccupy the very point of the station with our gravimeter and confirm the observed result. In the fourth expedition 1959-60, a re-measurement of the gravity value at Syowa Station was planned and carried out by using the same gravimeter in the way similar to the preceding expedition. It was confirmed that the gravimeter had a small and linear drift during the whole period of the expedition by continuous observations in Tokyo, Singapore, Cape Town as well as at Syowa Station. The drift rate for the period of 77 days during the forward and backward voyage between Cape Town and Antarctica was deduced to be +0.24 milligal per day. This value agreed well with a value, +0.25 milligal per day, which was deduced for the period of stay at Syowa Station. We have obtained a mean value of gravity, 982.5427, from observations at the station in this expedition. This is 2.6 milligal higher than the former mean value. Errors due to the drift and the changing in the scale value might have caused this difference. It is considered, however, that this is accurate enough to be used safely as a reference value in gravity measurement in this district. Therefore, we have concluded that the former value has an expected, accuracy and it is unnecessary to correct it by present result. On the way to and from Antarctica, observations with the gravimeter were made in Singapore Island. Ten stations were re-occupied and ten other stations were newly established. The distribution of gravity in this island has been made fairly clear by our survey. Similar observations were carried out in Naha, Ryukyu, on the return way of the expedition

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

Geodetic Survey in Antarctica by the Fourth Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1959-60

第4次観測に於ては,天測点1点,基線5本を含む合計12点の基準点を設置した.その内訳は西オングル島内に4点,東オングル島に1点,ネスオイヤ島に1点,昭和基地西南方大陸上に3点,パッダ島内に3点(うち一点は天測点)で,基線は東オングル島より,西オングル島に向って1本,大陸に向って3本,合計4点を設置した

REPORT OF THE GRAVITY MEASUREMENT BY THE JAPANESE ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION, 1959-60

Gravity value at Astronomical point, Syowa station, was determined by observations with a WORDEN gravimeter in the third Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition 1958-59, and the following result has been obtained: g_=982.540cm/sec^2 Latitude 69°00'4S Longitude 39 35.4E Height 29.2m relative to g_=979.6470cm/sec^2. The accuracy of this value was estimated to be a few milligals by investigating the drift of the gravimeter during the period of the expedition and considering the uncertainty in the scale value of the gravimeter. This estimation was, however, based on several assumptions and the result may include a serious error. Fortunately, Syowa Station has been built on the ground and not on ice, therefore, we can reoccupy the very point of the station with our gravimeter and confirm the observed result. In the fourth expedition 1959-60, a re-measurement of the gravity value at Syowa Station was planned and carried out by using the same gravimeter in the way similar to the preceding expedition. It was confirmed that the gravimeter had a small and linear drift during the whole period of the expedition by continuous observations in Tokyo, Singapore, Cape Town as well as at Syowa Station. The drift rate for the period of 77 days during the forward and backward voyage between Cape Town and Antarctica was deduced to be +0.24 milligal per day. This value agreed well with a value, +0.25 milligal per day, which was deduced for the period of stay at Syowa Station. We have obtained a mean value of gravity, 982.5427, from observations at the station in this expedition. This is 2.6 milligal higher than the former mean value. Errors due to the drift and the changing in the scale value might have caused this difference. It is considered, however, that this is accurate enough to be used safely as a reference value in gravity measurement in this district. Therefore, we have concluded that the former value has an expected, accuracy and it is unnecessary to correct it by present result. On the way to and from Antarctica, observations with the gravimeter were made in Singapore Island. Ten stations were re-occupied and ten other stations were newly established. The distribution of gravity in this island has been made fairly clear by our survey. Similar observations were carried out in Naha, Ryukyu, on the return way of the expedition