Impact of direct and indirect tax on the Nigerian economic growth

This research examined the direct and indirect impact of taxation on the Nigerian economic growth. This research centered on two major objectives by focusing on the trend of direct and indirect tax and the impact of the Nigerian tax system on the growth of the economy. The research adopted the descriptive research design. The secondary source of data was also engaged as this data was from CBN statistical bulletin and the annual reports from 1994-2013. The research also used the ordinary least square regression technique. With the use of E-views 7.1 to analyze the data, the first objective was achieved by using graphical analysis while the second objective used ordinary least square regression analysis. The results reveal that the direct and indirect tax have a positive impact on the economy of Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that government should take advantage of taxation and promote tax system in Nigeria

Factors affecting the investment climate, SMEs productivity and entrepreneurship in Nigeria

In Nigeria, most of businesses operate in the form of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). SMEs play a significant role in the economic development of many nations. This paper employs current perspectives to examine the factors affecting investment, productivity and growth of SMEs by employing the World Bank Enterprise Survey in Nigeria. It explored five main factors affecting investment and productivity in Nigeria as follows: education of the labour force, access to infrastructure, access to finance, size of firms and other business climate variables. Other business climate variables are insecurity, bribe or corruption, the amount of time that businesses spend dealing with government regulation, poor power availability, etc. In a survey of 2,676 firms, access to finance (33.1%), access to electricity (27.2%) and the level of corruption (12.7%) were the most ranked obstacles for business owners. By employing the World Bank Enterprise Survey, this paper presents and analyses the business environment challenges at the national level

Survival during times of disruptions: rethinking strategies for enabling business viability in the developing economy

There exists a noticeable void in the literature about strategies that business operators, especially those in highly vulnerable economies, can adapt to sustain their survival and to achieve growth in economically turbulent times. This study investigated strategies that can support the viability and survival of businesses in times of environmental disruptions. The study adopted a qualitative research design that involved the interview of 31 business owners across different sectoral groups including fashion and telecommunication that are operating in Nigeria’s Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector. The interview sessions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. The findings reveal that amid disruptions, the business owners were resilient and established diverse digital strategies that helped them to keep their businesses afloat throughout the time of disruption. This finding contributes to the field of entrepreneurship as it offers practical strategies for supporting business owners during times of disruptions, especially in a developing country context

Gender perspectives of African SMEs: the role of formal and informal institutional contexts

Women entrepreneurship is inextricably linked to context as it offers supports and hindrances to women entrepreneurs and their enterprises. This chapter examined the effectiveness and the interrelationships between formal and informal institutional contexts within the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regions. The informal institutional contexts have a stronger impact on women entrepreneurship than formal institutions that are described as weak and ineffective. The formal and informal institutional contexts shape one another in influencing women’s entrepreneurship in the SSA region. The informal institutional contexts have a more significant influence on the formal institutional contexts which is mainly ineffective and oftentimes non-existent. Women entrepreneurs in the SSA region possess a reverse effect on the formal institutional contexts especially through their participation in policy developments and trade union activism. Women entrepreneurs and their enterprise maintain inconsequential influence on the informal institutions that are mainly exogenous forces. However, women entrepreneurs are still able to indirectly mitigate the adverse influence of the informal institutions through the formal institutional context (including policies). Theoretical and practical implications for women entrepreneurship research and policy development initiatives are offered

Gender-based policies and women's entrepreneurship: an fsQCA analysis of sub-Saharan African countries

Purpose – Entrepreneurship policy is a vital component of any entrepreneurial ecosystem. However, the specific policy initiatives that have a greater impact on women's entrepreneurship remain unclear in many developing economies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women’s entrepreneurship in sub- Saharan Africa (SSA). Design/Methodology/Approach – Employing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), this paper utilises, and analyses secondary data collected by the World Bank's Women, Business, and the Law (WBL) from 1970 to 2020, encompassing 48 countries within SSA. Findings – Through our analysis, we identified two configurations that sufficiently support women's entrepreneurship. First, a combination of gender-based policies focusing on enabling 'access to credit' and 'signing of contracts'; and second, a blend of policies supporting 'signing of contracts', 'business registration', and 'opening a bank account', represent significant antecedents to supporting women's entrepreneurship. These distinct pathways are crucial to fostering women’s entrepreneurship in the SSA region. Research Implications – The study's findings indicate that the impact and effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies targeted at women entrepreneurs in developing economies depend on the effectiveness of other policies that are in place. Originality/Value – This study offers new insights into the intricate interrelationship between entrepreneurship policies and women’s entrepreneurship in developing countries by considering the interdependence and combinative value of gender-based policies that effectively support women’s entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa

Unveiling cogent insights: exploring the frontiers of entrepreneurship and innovation through relevant and rigorous research

This editorial serves as an introduction to the newly inaugurated Entrepreneurship and Innovation (E&I) section within Cogent Business & Management (Cogent). We delineate the specific submission categories and entrepreneurship facets that align with the section’s thematic focus. This editorial delves into the nuanced qualities that define articles of significance within the E&I section, aiming to help prospective authors position their work for not just publication success, but also impact. Specifically, the nexus of relevance and rigor is explored, highlighting the need for scholarship that not only advances academic literature and addresses contemporary challenges, but also adheres to methodological rigor, ensuring robust and credible contributions to the field. In conclusion, we present the editorial leadership team of the new E&I section at Cogent, showcasing the collective expertise and commitment to fostering a vibrant and impactful scholarly community. This editorial sets the tone for the section and invites scholars to contribute to the advancement of entrepreneurship and innovation research by publishing their scholarship in Cogent

Clinicohistopathological Analysis of 5 Nigerian cases of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Jaws.

Background: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), is a soft tissue sarcoma that occurs predominantly in the soft tissue of the extremities. It rarely occurs in facial bones. Few cases in the jaws have been reported.Objective: To report and review the relevant clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of jaw MFH in Nigerians.Methods: All cases in the records of the Department of Oral Pathology of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital which were histologically diagnosed as MFH were retrieved. Hematoxylin and eosin slides of cases were re-examined to confirm diagnosis. Information retrieved included age ,sex, location , x-ray , estimated duration , recurrence, and histological presentation. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical package.Results: Age ranged between 12- 42 years with a male sex predilection (3 cases/ 60.0%) and sole maxillary site predilection(5cases /100.0%). Estimated duration of lesion ranged from 2 -12 months. Two cases recurred post surgical treatment. All cases presented as the storiformpleomorphic type with one case presenting with a delicate / scanty connective tissue stroma. Chronic inflammation was scanty in the two cases that recurred.Conclusion: MFH of the jaws is rare among Nigerians. Its clinico radiological presentation maymimick other more aggressive or less benign lesions of the jaws thereby resulting in misdiagnosis and in appropriate patient management.Key words: Malignant; fibrous ;histiocytoma, Nigeri