Legon at 60: New Directions for the Humanities

The Current curriculum of the University of Ghana, Legon for the Humanities may be accessed online. Whatever the organizational components of the humanities, one thing is clear: we are being called upon to re-think what is human if we are to offer new directions for his aspect of the university's raison d'etre. This keynote is a personal statement. I plan to speak as I would do at a family meeting on the key words, Community and Imagination. Seeking new directions for the Humanities demands no less an effort than that of re-imagining the role of the Humanities in our national life

Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis prevalence in the NHS Grampian Medical Ambulatory clinic : diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic considerations in oncology patients

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The Role of Trade Policy in the Performance of Nigerian Agricultural Sector: A Time Series Analysis

There has been an increasing interest in understanding the role of trade policy in agricultural performance over the years. This time-series study investigates the impact of trade openness and domestic currency rate on agricultural performance in Nigeria within the period, 1981-2019. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the study confirmed that there exists a long-run relationship between trade policy and agricultural performance in Nigeria. The result showed that trade openness has a significant and positive effect on agricultural performance in Nigeria. Further, the study confirmed that trade openness contributes more to agricultural performance in the long-run than in the short-run. However, exchange rate impacted negatively and significantly on agricultural performance in the long-run. Meanwhile, the short-run estimates showed that exchange rate has a significant and positive effect on agricultural performance. More so, it was gathered that interest rate affects agricultural performance negatively in Nigeria. There is need for government to embark on outward looking trade policy that supports the agricultural industry in terms of its exportation of indigenous commodities and stimulation of output growth. Keywords: Agricultural output, trade openness, exchange rate, interest rates, ARDL. JEL Classification: Q19, F13, E52. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-16-08 Publication date:August 31st 202

Organizational Silence Behaviors Role on Employee Effectiveness

The debate on the role organisational silence behaviours play in employee effectiveness have remained unabated. More so, the education sector in Nigeria is facing challenges due to inadequate experienced talents to handle certain professional issues without much supervision. Therefore the paper examined the effect of organizational silence behaviours on employee effectiveness in selected private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. In light of this five private universities were selected using multi-stage sampling technique and six hundred and ninety-six copies of a validated questionnaire was distributed while six hundred and twenty-nine retrieved after establishing reliability. The results from the multiple regression analysis conducted revealed that oorganizational silence behaviors have combined positive significant effect on employee effectiveness (adjusted R2 = 0.463, F(5,620)  = 108.844, p<0.05). However, from the individual predictors, top management characteristics, communication opportunity, supervisors’ characteristics and official authority had positive and significant effect on employee effectiveness. The paper recommends that management and supervisors should communicate more with their subordinates regularly, get feedback and suggestions to improve employee’s effectiveness on the job. Keywords: organizational silence behaviors role on employee effectiveness DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-9-09 Publication date:March 31st 202

Characterization and recovery rates of food-indicator microorganisms from home-made oral rehydration solutions in Nigeria

From home-made oral rehydration solutions (ORS), the identified bacterial strains from a total of 1880 bacterial isolates (1010 from granulated sugar and 870 from table salt) using the conventional taxonomic tools were Bacillus cereus var. mycoides (0.57%), Bacillus subtilis (2.28%), Citrobacter sp. (1.07%), Clostridium perfringes (14.75%), Enterobacter aerogenes (6.13%), Escherichia coli (7.44%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.0%), Morganella morganii (0.78%), Proteus mirabilis (6.74%), P. vulgaris (1.68%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.67%), Salmonella entrica serovar Typhi (3.89%), Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (0.99%), Shigella dysentariae (11.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.98%) and Vibrio cholerae (2.57%). The isolated fungal species from the table salt and granulated sugar samples were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Botryiodiplodia sp., Candida sp. and Scopulariopsis sp. Home-made ORS may serve as a means of transmitting gastroenteritis/diarrhoea and other infectious microbial agents in developing countries like NigeriaKey words: Characterization, food indicator organisms, home-made, oral dehydration solutions, recovery rates

Entrepreneurial Capability and Entrepreneurial Success of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Review of Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

The incidence of business failure especially in the small and medium enterprises sector is on the increase. This calls for more empirical research to investigate entrepreneurial factors to address business failure. Since the person behind the successful performance is the entrepreneur himself, his capabilities express in terms of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial competencies become the most important factors to investigate to ensure business successful in a constantly changing or dynamic business environment. This paper provides a review of conceptual and theoretical frameworks on entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial competencies for empirical research on entrepreneurial success factors. Keywords: Entrepreneurial success, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial competencies, small and medium enterprises

On Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Success: A Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

This paper presents both conceptual and theoretical framework on entrepreneurial self efficacy with a conclusion that entrepreneurial self efficacy is a good predictor of entrepreneurial intention (venture start up self efficacy) and a robust predictor of business performance (venture growth self efficacy). In this paper entrepreneurial self efficacy refers to subjective self belief of an entrepreneur expressed in terms of optimism to start an enterprise and overconfidence to run it successfully. In conclusion, the paper proposes a modification to the New General Self Efficacy (NGSE) scale to measure entrepreneurial success. Keywords: Self efficacy, optimism, overconfidence, New General Scale

Chemistry Entrepreneurship for Small and Medium Enterprises Development: A Panacea for Job and Wealth Creation

Chemistry is everything and everywhere, as a result chemistry offers wide varieties of business opportunities for small and medium enterprises development than any other discipline. Professional chemists including students of chemistry, with little training on entrepreneurial skills could begin to commercialize their innovations to reap enormous financial benefits; become job creators and contribute positively to the national economic development most especially through the small and medium enterprises.  Chemistry entrepreneurship, a subset of academic entrepreneurship; it involves the process of converting innovations in Chemistry into marketable products for commercial gain. It enables Chemists to take their work beyond publications in academic journals by patenting and commercializing them for economic gains. This paper calls for curriculum re-engineering to fully integrate entrepreneurship into Chemistry curriculum at degree level as well as to encourage researchers to make commercialization a part of their research agenda from the stage of project conceptualization. Keywords: Chemistry, Chemistry entrepreneurship, Business opportunities, innovations, commercialization, small and medium enterprises

On Entrepreneurial Success of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): A Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

Researchers have not clearly agreed on definition and measures for entrepreneurial success. This paper attempts to define entrepreneurial success from the perspective of the SMEs and propose both financial and non-financial measures for measuring entrepreneurial success. Relevant literature was reviewed to provide conceptual and theoretical framework for empirical studies on entrepreneurial success factors and success dimensions or indicators for better understanding of entrepreneurial success Keywords: Entrepreneurial Success, Entrepreneurial Success factors, Entrepreneurial Success Indicators, Small and Medium Enterprises.

Implications of Outbound Medical Tourism on Public Health Care Development in Nigeria

Medical tourism is the practice of patients travelling out of their country of origin or residence for the purpose of getting access to medical care services abroad. Outbound medical tourism is a phenomenon in Nigeria thereby contributing to the growth of the health care industry in destination countries. The paper examines the implications of outbound medical tourism on public health care development in Nigeria and reinforces the need for the Federal Government of Nigeria to restructure and reposition the health sector in the country towards effective and efficient health service delivery. The study employs secondary source of data. Public administrators and health care practitioners concerned about transforming Nigeria into a centre of medical tourist attraction may find it suitable to start by examining the issues raised in this study to initiate a good policy framework for the health sector. The study concludes that huge investment in the health sector can drastically reduce outbound medical tourism, make health care services affordable to all Nigerians and utilising foreign exchange to develop other relevant sectors of the Nigerian economy