Bacteremia due to Acinetobacter ursingii in infants: Reports of two cases

Acinetobacter ursingii is an aerobic, gram-negative, opportunistic microorganism which is rarely isolated among Acinetobacter species. We present two immunocompetent infants who developed bacteremia due to A.ursingii. The first patient is a two -month- old boy who had been hospitalized in pediatric surgery unit for suspected tracheo-esophageal fistula because of recurrent aspiration pneumonia unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The second patient is a fourteen -month- old boy with prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. A. ursingii was isolated from their blood cultures. They were successfully treated with ampicillin-sulbactam. Although A.ursingii has recently been isolated from a clinical specimen; reports of infection with A.ursingii in children are rare. A.ursingii should be kept in mind as an opportunistic microorganism in children.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Child: A Case Report and Management of Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) usually causes mild, asymptomatic, and self-limited infections in children and adults; however, it may occasionally lead to severe conditions such as neurological diseases, malignant diseases, hepatic failure, and myocarditis. Epstein-Barr virus-related neurological disorders include meningitis, encephalitis, and cranial or peripheral neuritis, which are mostly seen in immunocompromised patients. The therapeutic modalities for EBV-related severe organ damage including central nervous system manifestations are still uncertain. Herein, we describe a seven-year-old boy with EBV encephalitis who presented with prolonged fever, exudative pharyngitis, reduced consciousness, and neck stiffness. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed contrast enhancement in the bilateral insular cortex and the right hypothalamus. The diagnosis was made by EBV-DNA amplification in both the blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples. He was discharged with acyclovir therapy without any sequelae

Evaluation of cases of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a single center experience

Aim: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is observed more frequently and leads to complications with a higher rate in children compared with adults because the risk of lymphohematogen spread is higher. In this study, the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings and treatment outcomes were evaluated in pediatric patients who were followed up in our clinic with a diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

IL12R beta 1 defect presenting with massive intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy due to Mycobacterium intracellulare infection

Infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria species are problematic for immunodeficient individuals. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) defines a group of genetic defects affecting cellular interactions and the interferon (IFN)-gamma pathway. Patients with MSMD may present with a disseminated infection resulting from the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria or Salmonella species. Atypical mycobacterial infections and deficient granuloma or giant cell formation are important indicators for MSMD, especially in patients with a family history of parental consanguineous marriage

Nasopharyngeal Meningococcal Carriage among Children and Adolescents in Turkey in 2018: An Unexpected High Serogroup X Carriage

Meningococcal carriage studies and transmission modeling can predict IMD epidemiology and used to define invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) control strategies. In this multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nasopharyngeal Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) carriage, serogroup distribution, and related risk factors in Turkey. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from a total of 1267 children and adolescents and were tested with rt-PCR. Nm carriage was detected in 96 participants (7.5%, 95% CI 6.1-9.0), with the peak age at 13 years (12.5%). Regarding age groups, Nm carriage rate was 7% in the 0-5 age group, was 6.9%in the 6-10 age group, was 7.9% in the 11-14 age group, and was 9.3% in the 15-18 age group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). The serogroup distribution was as follows: 25% MenX, 9.4% MenA, 9.4% MenB, 2.1% MenC, 3.1% MenW, 2.1% for MenY, and 48.9% for non-groupable. The Nm carriage rate was higher in children with previous upper respiratory tract infections and with a high number of household members, whereas it was lower in children with antibiotic use in the last month (p < 0.05 for all). In this study, MenX is the predominant carriage strain. The geographical distribution of Nm strains varies, but serogroup distribution in the same country might change in a matter of years. Adequate surveillance and/or a proper carriage study is paramount for accurate/dynamic serogroup distribution and the impact of the proposed vaccination.</p

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Features of Children With COVID-19 in Turkey

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children