Evaluacija komponenti tehnološkog kvaliteta pšenice različitog porekla

The aim of this study was to analyze differences in some components of bread-making quality in wheat cultivars from different agri-climate regions. In 44 genotypes of hexaploid wheat grown in Novi Sad, the following parameters were evaluated: falling number, Zeleny sedimentation test, protein content, wet gluten, resistance to extension, loaf volume and loaf quality. Furthermore, the composition of high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits was analyzed. Eleven different alleles were detected at Glu-1 loci. Significant differences in falling number, resistance to extension, loaf volume and loaf quality were observed between cultivars developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad and the foreign ones.Cilj rada bio je da se utvrde razlike u pogledu nekoliko značajnih parametara tehnološkog kvaliteta pšenice između sorti poreklom iz različitih agroklimatskih regiona. Kod 44 genotipa heksaploidne pšenice gajene na oglednim poljima Naučnog instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu, analizirani su sledeći pokazatelji kvaliteta: broj padanja, sedimentaciona vrednost, sadržaj proteina, vlažni gluten, otpor rastezanju, zapremina vekne i vrednosni broj sredine hleba (VBS). Takođe, utvrđena je i kompozicija subjedinica glutenina velike molekulske mase, koja je kod ispitivanih sorti pokazala prisustvo 11 različitih alelnih oblika u Glu-1 lokusu. Analizom dobijenih rezultata ustanovljene su značajne razlike u vrednostima za broj padanja, otpor rastezanju, zapreminu vekne i VBS između novosadskih i stranih genotipova

An assessment of the genetic diversity in the wild boar population from the Podunavlje-Podravlje hunting area

nem

An integrated approach to delimiting species borders in the genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of two new species

Integrative taxonomy tests the validity of taxa using methods additional to traditional morphology. The existence of two different morphotypes in specimens identified as Chrysotoxum vernale Loew (Diptera: Syrphidae) prompted their taxonomic study using an integrative approach that included morphology, wing and male-surstylus geometric morphometrics, genetic and ecological analyses. As a result, a new species is recognised, Chrysotoxum montanum Nedeljković & Vujić sp. nov., and C. vernale is re-defined. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for C. vernale to stabilize this concept. An additional species, Chrysotoxum orthostylum Vujić sp. nov., with distinctive male genitalia is also described. The three species share an antenna with the basoflagellomere shorter than the scape plus pedicel and terga with yellow fasciae not reaching the lateral margins. This study confirms the value of integrative approach for resolving species boundaries.Financial support was provided by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (projects OI173002 and III43002), the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development (project ‘Genetic resources of agro-ecosystems in Vojvodina and sustainable agriculture’), the Transnational Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the FP7 of the EC (ExpeER project, TA visit ‘STEPS’) and the FP7 EU project, Innosense

Kompozicija subjedinica glutenina velike molekulske mase kod NS sorti pšenice priznatih u periodu 1987-2008.

Gluten content, and more importantly its composition expressed through glutenin subunits, has great influence on the rheological and bread-making properties of wheat flour. Total of 168 winter wheat cultivars developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia in the period 1987-2008 were analysed for high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMWGS) composition using SDS-PAGE. Presence of twelve different alleles and nineteen different GS combinations was determined. The highest frequency was found for GS N at the locus Glu-A1 (46%), 7+9 (77%) at the locus Glu-B1 and 5+10 (72.7%) at the locus Glu-D1. The most frequent combination was 2*, 7+9, 5+10. Presence of several rare GS with positive effect (13+16 and 15+16) was determined, as well as high uniformity of the genetic material, considering small number of cultivars (4.2%) with different electrophoretic paths. Two modes of glutenin score (Glu-1 score) determination were applied, based on which differences in bread-making quality among individual cultivars can be determined more precisely.Sadržaj glutena, ali pre svega njegova kompozicija izražena kroz gluteninske subjedinice, značajno utiče na reološke i pekarske pokazatelje pšeničnog brašna. Kod ukupno 168 sorti ozime pšenice stvorenih u Institutu za ratartsvo i povrtartsvo u Novom Sadu, u periodu od 1987. do 2008. godine, analizirana je kompozicija subjedinica glutenina velike molekulske mase (HMW-GS) koristeći SDS-PAGE. Utvrđeno je prisustvo dvanaest različitih alela i devetnaest različitih kombinacija GS. Najveća učestalost uočena je kod GS N u lokusu Glu-A1 (46%), 7+9 (77%) u lokusu Glu-B1 i 5+10 (72,7%) u lokusu Glu-D1. Najzastupljenija kombinacija je bila 2*, 7+9, 5+10. Utvrđeno je prisustvo nekoliko retkih GS sa pozitivnim dejstvom (13+16 i 15+16) i visoka ujednačenost genetskog materijala, s obzirom na mali broj sorti (4.2%) sa različitim elektroforetskim putanjama. Primenjena su dva načina utvrđivanja gluteninskog (Glu-1) skora, na osnovu čega se mogu preciznije utvrditi razlike u krajnjem kvalitetu između pojedinih sorti

Case-control study of apoE gene polymorphism in young CHD patients and controls in the Serbian population

Apolipoprotein E displays polymorphism with three common alleles, e2, e3, and e4. The aim of this research was to determine apoE gene polymorphism in a group of healthy patients and a group of patients with CHD, and to reveal the relation between anthropometric and biochemical parameters and the apoE genotype. In CHD group significantly higher values of blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI and fat %, triglycerides, insulin (HOMA IR) and CRP were found. A statistically significant higher presence of the e3e4 genotype and e4 allele was detected in the CHD group. Statistically significant differences between waist circumference, BMI, insulin and HOMA IR were found between subjects with e3e3 and e3e4 genotypes

Evaluation of rapd markers as a marker-assisted selection tool for variety type and erucic acid content in rapeseed

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on twelve rapeseed genotypes from Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia, genepool in order to identify markers that could be used in marker assisted selection (MAS) for different growing type and selection of the varieties with low or zero level of erucic acid. Out of fifteen RAPD markers, three were monomorphic, whereas twelve had polymorphic profiles. Three primers amplified specific fragments in spring varieties. UBC 25 and UBC 191 amplified the fragments of 450 and 750 bp, respectively, in all tested spring varieties, except in JR-NS-36. Primer UBC 72 generated a fragment of 700 bp that was present in all spring varieties. These fragments were not present in any of winter varieties. None of the tested RAPD primers amplified fragment(s) uniquely present either in varieties with or without (0%) erucic acid or with different erucic acid content. Cluster analysis showed a concordance between the position of varieties in the cluster and their pedigree information, but also enabled separation of spring and winter varieties. Contingency analysis confirmed that fragment UBC 72_700 is specific for spring varieties, while for erucic acid content, only moderate association was found with UBC 137_750

Rezultati primene moderne biotehnologije u oplemenjivanju strnih žita u Naučnom institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo - Novi Sad

U radu su analizirani rezultati dobijeni u poslednjih 20 godina u radu na primeni metoda kulture in vitro i molekularnih markera - mikrosatelita, u Zavodu za strna žita, Naučnog Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Od momenta početka rada zasnovanog na delimično izmenjenom konceptu (početak 2002 godine) pa do današnjih dana istraživači angažovani u prvom ciklusu rada odeljenja za biotehnologiju su publikovali više od 40 radova, a uspešno su odbranjene i 4 magistarske teze i 2 doktorske disertacije na fakultetima Univerziteta u Beogradu i Novom Sadu. Trenutno, u toku je rad na izradi 3 diplomska rada, 3 magistarske teze i 3 doktorske disertacije predviđene za realizaciju u narednom istraživačkom ciklusu (2005-2007 godine). Primarni cilj svih istraživanja je da se marker asistirana selekcija (MAS) koristi kao glavna pomoćna metoda u oplemenjivanju, i da se na taj način smanje troškovi i poveća efikasnost oplemenjivačkih programa na strnim žitima

Close relatives of Mediterranean endemorelict hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) in South Africa : Morphological and molecular evidence in the Merodon melanocerus subgroup

An ongoing study of the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) has revealed the existence of new species related to M. melanocerus Bezzi, 1915. The M. melanocerus subgroup belongs to the Afrotropical lineage of the M. desuturinus group. Revision of all available material from museums and detailed analyses of newly -collected specimens from our own expeditions to RSA resulted in delimitation of five species: M. capensis Hurkmans sp. n., M. commutabilis Radenkovic et Vujic sp. n., M. drakonis Vujic et Radenkovic sp. n., M. flavocerus Hurkmans sp. n. and M. melanocerus. In addition to classical morphological characters, sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene are provided for four related taxa. Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses supports monophyly of the M. desuturinus group and confirmed delimitation between species. Links between Palaearctic and Afrotropical faunas of this group, as well as possible evolutionary paths, are discussed. Based on phylogenetic analyses, four lineages (putative subgenera) have been recognized within the genus Merodon; besides the three previously established ones, albifrons+desuturinus, aureus (sensu lato) and avidus-nigritarsis, one new lineage named natans is distinguished.Peer reviewe

Molecular and Morphological Inference of Three Cryptic Species within the Merodon aureus Species Group (Diptera:Syrphidae)

The Merodon aureus species group (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae) comprises a number of different sub-groups and species complexes. In this study we focus on resolving the taxonomic status of the entity previously identified as M. cinereus B, here identified as M. atratus species complex. We used an integrative approach based on morphological descriptions, combined with supporting characters that were obtained from molecular analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene as well as from geometric morphometry of wing and surstylus shapes and environmental niche comparisons. All applied data and methods distinguished and supported three morphologically cryptic species: M. atratus stat. nov., M. virgatus sp. nov. and M. balkanicus sp. nov., which constitute the M. atratus species complex. We present an identification key for the sub-groups and species complexes of the M. aureus species group occurring in Europe, describe the taxa and discuss the utility of the applied methods for species delimitation. The estimated divergence times for the species splits of these taxa coincide with the Pleistocene Gunz-Mindel interglaciation and the Great interglaciation (between the Ris and Mindel glacial periods).Peer reviewe

DNA barcoding applied: identifying the larva of Merodon avidus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

The immature stages of phytophagous hoverflies and their plant hosts are mostly unknown. This paper describes the larva of Merodon avidus Rossi, 1790 (Diptera: Syrphidae), based on material collected from Đerdap National Park in Serbia. Larvae were found in the bulbs of Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) and in the surrounding soil. DNA barcoding was used to identify the species and scanning electron microscopy was used to describe the morphological characteristics of Merodon avidus. Reared material previously identified as Merodon constans (Rossi, 1794) is shown to belong to M. hurkmansi Marcos-García, Vujić & Mengual, 2007.This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant No. 173002 and Grant No. 43002, the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development, Grant No. 114-457-2173/2011-01 and by the project Status and Trends of European Pollinators, FP7-ENV-2009-1-244090 (STEP)