INTERACTIVE NEURO-FUZZY EXPERT SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF LEUKEMIA

Leukemia is closely linked with the blood or bone marrow. Leukemia is regard as cancer of the blood cells (usually white blood cells). The abnormal white blood cells formed in leukemia also accumulate in the organs of the body such as the spleen, liver, lymph nodes, testes, and brain, and interfere with normal functioning of the organ. Leukemia is of four common type; Acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leukemia symptoms are predominantly paleness, fatigue, bone pain, asthemia, palpitation, frequent infection, nose bleeding and thrombocytopenia. Neuro-Fuzzy Logic explores approximation techniques from neural networks to finds the parameter of a fuzzy system. In this paper, the traditional procedure for the medical diagnosis of leukemia employed by physician is analyzed using neuro-fuzzy inference procedure. From the system designed if the patient is having five or more of the enlisted symptoms, the patient is experiencing 201C;severe Leukemia201D; and should go for treatment urgently. If it is approximately four of the symptoms the patient is experiencing, the patient 201C;might be suffering from Leukemia201D; and hence should see a physician right away, but if it is three or less of the enlisted symptoms, the patient is not 201C;suffering from Leukemia201D;. The system which demonstrates the practical application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the health sector is interactive and tells the patient his current condition as regards Leukemia

Termite activities and surface characteristics of coastal plain sands

This study evaluated the effect of mound building termites on the increase in the quantity of fine particles of the dimension of clay on the surface of  coastal plain sands of south-eastern Nigeria. Six termite mounds were selected in different locations, destroyed completely and sampled in three replications. Surface and subsurface soils were sampled within the periphery of the termite mounds in similar replications as the mounds. Samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory. Data were analysed using ANOVA, correlation and principal component. Termite mounds were not common but massive, with base diameter more extensive than height. The major determinants (responsible for 28%) of the effects of termite activities on the surface characteristics are total sand, clay and silt + clay. Termite mounds were similar to the surface soil in available phosphorus, exchangeable sodium and potassium, effective cation exchange capacity, fine sand and silt. These similarities result from homogenization through erosion and redistribution of the mound material within the surface soil vicinity. The fortified mound materials redistributed in surface soil vicinity is responsible for the high clay, elevated pH, enhanced effective cation exchange capacity, improved structural stability, minimized leaching and subsequently improved fertility of coastal plain sands.Key words: termite mounds, pedogenesis, acid sands, biopedoturbation, surface finin

Numerical classification and digital mapping of coastal plain sands of Southeastern Nigeria

The study classified the coastal plain sands of south-eastern Nigeria at the series level and modeled the classification using digital terrain attributes. The study utilized 72 secondary and 12 primary profile pits data generated from 24 and 4 locations (at 3 per location) for classification/modelling and validation respectively. The three profile pits per location represents the three topographic positions of upper, middle and lower slopes. Digital elevation model was also utilized for the generation of terrain attributes. Soil morphological characteristics were coded for suitability in statistical analysis. Hierarchical clustering was utilized in the grouping of the soil into 17 homogeneous groups referred to as soil series. Regression kriging was used to model the predicted soil series within the area covered by coastal plain sands in Akwa Ibom State. The variables that could be used in the modelling of the different classified soil series include Sand Content, aspect, flow accumulation, compound topographic index (CTI), elevation, hill shade, slope, curvature, flow direction, stream power index (SPI), profile curvature, tangential curvature (R2 = 0.21).Out of the 17 soil series classified, 14 was successfully mapped using digital technique. It was observed that 66.7% of the classified soil series were accurately predicted using digital mapping technique. The classifications carried out numerically made use of morphological discrete variables whereas digital used empirically determined continuous variables which could be more accurate. Therefore it could be inferred that the digitally produced soil  classification is more accurate and 14 soil series could be identified and mapped in the study area. Key words: pedogenesis, digital soil mapping, soil series, hierarchical clusters, regression krigin

Application of Data Clustering Embedded in Fuzzy Classifier Expert System for Water Quality Recognition

Water is the energy of life. Its usage and want far out stretch any Earth material (minerals, rocks, soil and water). In most cases the quantity of water obtains from its different sources are not quality enough for human usage due to the presence of contaminants. The application of several criteria for the recognition of water quality (\u201cMight be pure\u201d, \u201cpure\u201d and \u201cNot pure\u201d) is the focal point of this paper. The conventional (traditional) methods for water quality recognition employed by different individuals are expressed using Fuzzy classifier. The proposed expert system eliminates uncertainties and imprecision associated with the recognition of water quality

Development of decision support system for the diagnosis of arthritis pain for rheumatic fever patients: Based on the fuzzy approach

Developing a Decision Support System (DSS) for Rheumatic Fever (RF) is complex due to the levels of vagueness, complexity and uncertainty management involved, especially when the same arthritis symptoms can indicate multiple diseases. It is this inability to describe observed symptoms precisely that necessitates our approach to developing a Decision Support System (DSS) for diagnosing arthritis pain for RF patients using fuzzy logic. In this paper we describe how fuzzy logic could be applied to the development of a DSS application that could be used for diagnosing arthritis pain (arthritis pain for rheumatic fever patients only) in four different stages, namely: Fairly Mild, Mild, Moderate and Severe. Our approach employs a knowledge-base that was built using WHO guidelines for diagnosing RF, specialist guidelines from Nepal and a Matlab fuzzy tool box as components to the system development. Mixed membership functions (Triangular and Trapezoidal) are applied for fuzzification and Mamdani-type is used for the fuzzy reasoning process. Input and output parameters are defined based on the fuzzy set rules

Prediction of characteristics of coastal plain soils using terrain attributes

The objective of this study was to model the characteristics of coastal plain sands using terrain attributes. Representative surface soil samples of upper, middle and lower slopes were collected from 10 locations and their properties determined using standard laboratory methods. Soil properties determined include depth, sand, silt, clay, electrical and hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, pH, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and acidity, available phosphorus, organic carbon, base saturation, crystalline and amorphous iron and aluminium oxides. The terrain attributes derived from digital elevation model (DEM) include slope, aspect, curvatures, flow direction and hill shade, compound topographic index (CTI) and stream power index (SPI). Data generated were analysed using Pearson’s correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Slope significantly correlated with clay and pH (H2O), while SPI and CTI correlated significantly with clay, pH, organic carbon and crystalline iron oxide. Soil properties that could be predicted using terrain attributes include clay bulk density, pH, exchangeable acidity and amorphous aluminium oxides. Terrain attributes could be useful in the prediction and knowledge of soil distribution and variability for sustainable management and optimal crop production on coastal plain sands geomorphic units.Keywords: coastal plain sands, DEM, soil characteristics, modellin

Mobile computing: an approach towards paperless office

Most organizations productivity has been linked toward achieving paperless office, while paper documentation, routing and storage have indeed been associated with organization bureaucratic-bottlenecks, high operational and development cost. Several approaches such as workflow and document management software have been utilized to achieve paperless office (environment), but none has been able to implement remote access and computing to organization resources. Implementing an architectural framework that will achieve paperless environment through remote access and computing, bureaucratic freedom, increase revenue and reduce operational and developmental cost has long been an area of research consideration which inspired Proposed Enterprise Paperless Architectural Framework (PEPAF). Utilizing Unified Modeling Language (UML), the use view, structural and behavioral views were visualized. The cost-effective architectural framework proposed in this research paper handles the aforementioned dilemma utilizing mobile computing as an integral avenue for reduction of paper consumption within an organization by 50%.Prospective users are now aware of the range of critical solutions offered by mobile computing paradigm, the application executing both on the mobile device and synchronizing at the central repository (database) situated at the organization stationery boundaries.Keywords: Mobile computing, Paperless office, Paper, Mobile user and Mobile devic

Prognostic diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease utilizing logical fuzzy classifier expert structure

In this paper, the traditional procedure of the medical diagnosis of PID employed by physicians is expressed using Fuzzy classifier. The proposed expert system eliminates uncertainty and imprecision associated with the diagnosis of PID.Keywords: PID, Fuzzy Set, Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Classifier, Diagnosi