Discrete-time rewards model-checked

This paper presents a model-checking approach for analyzing discrete-time Markov reward models. For this purpose, the temporal logic probabilistic CTL is extended with reward constraints. This allows to formulate complex measures – involving expected as well as accumulated rewards – in a precise and succinct way. Algorithms to efficiently analyze such formulae are introduced. The approach is illustrated by model-checking a probabilistic cost model of the IPv4 zeroconf protocol for distributed address assignment in ad-hoc networks

Avaliação da qualidade geométrica de produtos cartográficos levantados por VANT aplicados ao cadastro predial em munícipio de pequeno porte no Brasil

UID/SOC/04647/2013Nos últimos anos, com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia VANT (Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados) criou-se uma nova plataforma para fotogrametria e abriram-se novas possibilidades para a produção cartográfica. No Brasil, esses equipamentos rapidamente dominaram o mercado e estão sendo utilizados em diferentes aplicações. De outra parte, ainda não existe uma legislação específica, regulamentado o seu uso, principalmente para produção demapeamentos. No entanto, já em 2012 a Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC) publicou a Instrução Suplementar n.º 21 002 (com base no Regulamento Brasileiro da Aviação Civil n.º 21 – RBAC 21) para Emissão de Certificado de Autorização de Voo Experimental para VANT, onde os mesmos só podem ser utilizados em pesquisas, desenvolvimento de produtos e treinamento de pilotos; também o Departamento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo (DECEA) emitiu no dia 9 de Novembro de 2015 a Portaria n.º 415/DGCEA, que aprova a edição da já existente Instrução do Comando da Aeronáutica ICA 10040 em virtude da preocupação com a segurança com relação a aviões e pessoas; ou seja, houve apenas uma adequação para o uso de VANT da legislação já existente. Somente com a liberação da nova regulamentação de VANT pela ANAC, que deve ocorrer no primeiro semestre de 2016, é que o uso corporativo e técnico deste tipo de aparelho estará de fato regularizado. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem comoobjetivo comparar as discrepâncias entre as coordenadas observadas no produto cartográfico gerado por VANT e as coordenadas de referência de uma base cartográfica preexistente de um município de pequeno porte aplicado aocadastro predial. Outrossim, fará uma discussão da precisão posicional do produto gerado por VANT frente à legislação cartográfica brasileira e o levantamento bibliográfico sobre legislação e regulamentações em vigorreferente aos VANT.publishersversionpublishe

Atualização cadastral dirigida, utilizando ortofotos oriundas de Vant

UID/SOC/04647/2013A atualização cadastral é um processo que carece de dados, desejavelmente, em tempo real no que diz respeito aos seus vários domínios. Neste trabalho, explora-se as ortofotos oriundas de processamento de imagens de VANT como fonte de dados para produção de informação cadastral atualizada. A etodologia inclui comparação temporal entre ortofoto gerada por VANT e ortofoto gerada pela fotogrametria digital. Segue-se a aplicação de técnicas de análise espacial para comparar as edificações extraídas com a informação existente sobre a área edificada reportada no cadastro fiscal da Prefeitura Municipal de Capanema estado do Paraná. Até agora está executado 74% do serviço e os valores de área e número de imóveis é substancialmente diferente. Antes de se iniciar havia 5.973 imóveis com uma área construída de 576.724,62m2 e agora há 5.906 imóveis com uma área de 750.445,75m2. A diferença justifica-se por haver uma enorme quantidade de lotes cadastrados de forma repetida e/ou errada. O presente artigo demonstra assim a possibilidade de gerar cartografia de cupação do solo e monitorizar possíveis alterações, em situações em que não existe base cadastral atual disponível, mas em que está disponível uma cobertura de imagens de geradas por VANT. Comprova-se assim que o VANT auxilia na gestão cadastral pela facilidade de uso, modernizando gestão cadastral, para além de proporcionar o aumento da arrecadação através do cadastro dirigido.publishersversionpublishe

Cardiomyocyte-restricted overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase increases nitric oxide bioavailability and reduces infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion

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The Effect of Goal Orientation to the Academic Performance in Mathematics of Grade 10 Students

Mathematics is a multifaceted activity; it has a lot of faces, even those one we can’t notice. Each facet is worth it to deal with so that every individual will be prepared for their future. It provides us with something to walk through difficulties. It is beneficial to set a goal for each individual, whether it is a short-term goal, long-term goal, or even the goal that falls in the middle. Setting a goal has been used extensively in a variety of ways, even on the outside of the school or in any settings. It could possibly bring you a positive achievement if follows correctly. The main purpose of this study was to determine if the goal orientation of the grade 10 students of one school in Region IV-A (CALABARZON) Rizal has a significant effect to their academic performance. As regards to the data of the significant effect of goal orientation to the academic performance of grade 10 students, the p-value of less than 0.001 revealed that the task goal orientation of the respondents has a significant effect to their academic performance in mathematics. The p-value of 0.007 implied that the ego goal orientation of the respondents has also had a significant effect on their academic performance in mathematics. Therefore, the researchers concluded that there is a significant effect of the respondents’ goal orientation, although the effect is very low and low, respectively. For the betterment, it is advised that researchers conducting a comparable study on goal orientation expand their scope to include student study habits, which may be influenced by a variety of circumstances

The Effect of Goal Orientation to the Academic Performance in Mathematics of Grade 10 Students

Mathematics is a multifaceted activity; it has a lot of faces, even those one we can’t notice. Each facet is worth it to deal with so that every individual will be prepared for their future. It provides us with something to walk through difficulties. It is beneficial to set a goal for each individual, whether it is a short-term goal, long-term goal, or even the goal that falls in the middle. Setting a goal has been used extensively in a variety of ways, even on the outside of the school or in any settings. It could possibly bring you a positive achievement if follows correctly. The main purpose of this study was to determine if the goal orientation of the grade 10 students of one school in Region IV-A (CALABARZON) Rizal has a significant effect to their academic performance. As regards to the data of the significant effect of goal orientation to the academic performance of grade 10 students, the p-value of less than 0.001 revealed that the task goal orientation of the respondents has a significant effect to their academic performance in mathematics. The p-value of 0.007 implied that the ego goal orientation of the respondents has also had a significant effect on their academic performance in mathematics. Therefore, the researchers concluded that there is a significant effect of the respondents’ goal orientation, although the effect is very low and low, respectively. For the betterment, it is advised that researchers conducting a comparable study on goal orientation expand their scope to include student study habits, which may be influenced by a variety of circumstances

An Easy and Efficient Method for Native and Immunoreactive Echinococcus granulosus Antigen 5 Enrichment from Hydatid Cyst Fluid

Background: Currently, the serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis relies mostly on crude Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid as the antigen. Consequently, available immunodiagnostic tests lack standardization of the target antigen and, in turn, this is reflected on poor sensitivity and specificity of the serological diagnosis. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, a chromatographic method enabling the generation of highly enriched Antigen 5 (Ag5) is described. The procedure is very easy, efficient and reproducible, since different hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) sources produced very similar chromatograms, notwithstanding the clearly evident and extreme heterogeneity of the starting material. In addition, the performance of the antigen preparation in immunological assays was preliminarily assessed by western immunoblotting and ELISA on a limited panel of cystic echinococcosis patients and healthy controls. Following western immunoblotting and ELISA experiments, a high reactivity of patient sera was seen, with unambiguous and highly specific results. Conclusions/Significance: The methods and results reported open interesting perspectives for the development of sensitive diagnostic tools to enable the timely and unambiguous detection of cystic echinococcosis antibodies in patient sera.This work was supported by Regione Autonoma della Sardegna (http://www.regione.sardegna.it/)Pubblicat

Exercise-Induced Changes in Glucose Metabolism Promote Physiological Cardiac Growth

Background: Exercise promotes metabolic remodeling in the heart, which is associated with physiological cardiac growth; however, it is not known whether or how physical activity–induced changes in cardiac metabolism cause myocardial remodeling. In this study, we tested whether exercise-mediated changes in cardiomyocyte glucose metabolism are important for physiological cardiac growth. Methods: We used radiometric, immunologic, metabolomic, and biochemical assays to measure changes in myocardial glucose metabolism in mice subjected to acute and chronic treadmill exercise. To assess the relevance of changes in glycolytic activity, we determined how cardiac-specific expression of mutant forms of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase affect cardiac structure, function, metabolism, and gene programs relevant to cardiac remodeling. Metabolomic and transcriptomic screenings were used to identify metabolic pathways and gene sets regulated by glycolytic activity in the heart. Results: Exercise acutely decreased glucose utilization via glycolysis by modulating circulating substrates and reducing phosphofructokinase activity; however, in the recovered state following exercise adaptation, there was an increase in myocardial phosphofructokinase activity and glycolysis. In mice, cardiac-specific expression of a kinase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase transgene (GlycoLo mice) lowered glycolytic rate and regulated the expression of genes known to promote cardiac growth. Hearts of GlycoLo mice had larger myocytes, enhanced cardiac function, and higher capillary-to-myocyte ratios. Expression of phosphatase-deficient 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in the heart (GlycoHi mice) increased glucose utilization and promoted a more pathological form of hypertrophy devoid of transcriptional activation of the physiological cardiac growth program. Modulation of phosphofructokinase activity was sufficient to regulate the glucose–fatty acid cycle in the heart; however, metabolic inflexibility caused by invariantly low or high phosphofructokinase activity caused modest mitochondrial damage. Transcriptomic analyses showed that glycolysis regulates the expression of key genes involved in cardiac metabolism and remodeling. Conclusions: Exercise-induced decreases in glycolytic activity stimulate physiological cardiac remodeling, and metabolic flexibility is important for maintaining mitochondrial health in the heart

Loss of Gnas Imprinting Differentially Affects REM/NREM Sleep and Cognition in Mice

It has been suggested that imprinted genes are important in the regulation of sleep. However, the fundamental question of whether genomic imprinting has a role in sleep has remained elusive up to now. In this work we show that REM and NREM sleep states are differentially modulated by the maternally expressed imprinted gene Gnas. In particular, in mice with loss of imprinting of Gnas, NREM and complex cognitive processes are enhanced while REM and REM–linked behaviors are inhibited. This is the first demonstration that a specific overexpression of an imprinted gene affects sleep states and related complex behavioral traits. Furthermore, in parallel to the Gnas overexpression, we have observed an overexpression of Ucp1 in interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) and a significant increase in thermoregulation that may account for the REM/NREM sleep phenotypes. We conclude that there must be significant evolutionary advantages in the monoallelic expression of Gnas for REM sleep and for the consolidation of REM–dependent memories. Conversely, biallelic expression of Gnas reinforces slow wave activity in NREM sleep, and this results in a reduction of uncertainty in temporal decision-making processes