Diversity and Abundance of Hymenopterous Parasitoids Associated with Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Native and Exotic Host Plants in Misiones, Northeastern Argentina

Some Major host species used by the tephritid fruit flies Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiede-mann) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), including Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret, Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg, Psidium guajava L., Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Citrus reticulata Blanco var. Murcott, C. aurantium L., C. paradisi Macfadyen var. Dalan Dan, and C. paradisi var. Sudashi, were sampled for fruit fly larvae between Feb and Dec 2000 in the northernmost section of the Paranaense forest, in the Province of Misiones, NE Argentina. Both A. fraterculus and C. capitata were obtained from these host plant species, with A. fraterculus accounting for 93% of all tephritid puparia identified. Ten species of larval-pupal parasitoids were recovered from A. fraterculus; Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), D. brasiliensis (Szépligeti), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck), Opius bellus (Gahan), Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Opiinae, raconidae), Odontosema anastrephae Borgmeier, Lopheucoila anastrephae (Rohwer), Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brèthes) (Eucoilinae, Figitidae), Asobara anastrephae (Muessebeck) (Alyssinae, Braconidae), and Aceratoneuromyia indica (Silvestri) (Tetrastichinae, Eulophidae). All these parasitoids, with the exception of D. longicaudata and A. indica, are native to the Neotropical region. No parasitoids were recovered from C. capitata puparia. Asobara anastrephae and O. anastrephae are newly recorded in Argentina, whereas D. brasiliensis, U. anastrephae, and L. anastrephae are newly reported in Misiones. The eucoiline A. pelleranoi wasthe most abundant parasitoid species. Acca sellowiana and P. guajava harbored the highest parasitoid abundance and diversity.Fil: Schliserman, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Catamarca. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Catamarca; ArgentinaFil: Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Decoll, Olga. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Wharton, Robert. Texas A&M University; Estados Unido

Offspring in response to parental female densities in the fruit fly parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae).

El presente trabajo forma parte de um programa de evaluación del parasitoide bracónido Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) como agente de biocontrol de Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) en Brasil

Diversity of Drosophilidae parasitoids in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán), Argentina

Se estudió la diversidad de dípteros drosofílidos y parasitoides asociados, en cultivos orgánicos de frambuesa en Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Frutos próximos a madurez fueron cosechados periódicamente, colocados en bandejas plásticas cubiertas con tela voile y mantenidos 15-20 días a ≈25°C y 60-70% de HR. Además, con aspirador entomológico se colectaron muestras de insectos en frambuesas adheridas a las plantas. De los puparios obtenidos, emergieron machos y hembras de Drosophila spp. y parasitoides de los géneros Ganaspis y Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), también encontrados en las colectas. Ganaspis está citado como parasitoide del género Drosophila pero Dieucoila carece de registro de hospedador. Las identificaciones a nivel de especie están en progreso.The diversity of Drosophilidae and associated parasitoids were studied in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Fruits were harvested periodically near maturity, placed in plastic trays covered with voile cloth and held 15-20 days at H»25°C and 60- 70% RH. Additionally, insect samples were collected with an entomological aspirator, from berries attached to plants. Drosophila spp. females and males emerged from the puparia obtained, as well as parasitoids of the genera Ganaspis and Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), which were also found in the samples collected with the aspirator. Ganaspis is cited as a parasitoid of the genus Drosophila but Dieucoila lacks host registration. Specieslevel identifications are in progress.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aire

Diversity of Drosophilidae parasitoids in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán), Argentina

Se estudió la diversidad de dípteros drosofílidos y parasitoides asociados, en cultivos orgánicos de frambuesa en Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Frutos próximos a madurez fueron cosechados periódicamente, colocados en bandejas plásticas cubiertas con tela voile y mantenidos 15-20 días a ≈25°C y 60-70% de HR. Además, con aspirador entomológico se colectaron muestras de insectos en frambuesas adheridas a las plantas. De los puparios obtenidos, emergieron machos y hembras de Drosophila spp. y parasitoides de los géneros Ganaspis y Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), también encontrados en las colectas. Ganaspis está citado como parasitoide del género Drosophila pero Dieucoila carece de registro de hospedador. Las identificaciones a nivel de especie están en progreso.The diversity of Drosophilidae and associated parasitoids were studied in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Fruits were harvested periodically near maturity, placed in plastic trays covered with voile cloth and held 15-20 days at H»25°C and 60- 70% RH. Additionally, insect samples were collected with an entomological aspirator, from berries attached to plants. Drosophila spp. females and males emerged from the puparia obtained, as well as parasitoids of the genera Ganaspis and Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), which were also found in the samples collected with the aspirator. Ganaspis is cited as a parasitoid of the genus Drosophila but Dieucoila lacks host registration. Specieslevel identifications are in progress.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aire

Diversity of Drosophilidae parasitoids in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán), Argentina

Se estudió la diversidad de dípteros drosofílidos y parasitoides asociados, en cultivos orgánicos de frambuesa en Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Frutos próximos a madurez fueron cosechados periódicamente, colocados en bandejas plásticas cubiertas con tela voile y mantenidos 15-20 días a ≈25°C y 60-70% de HR. Además, con aspirador entomológico se colectaron muestras de insectos en frambuesas adheridas a las plantas. De los puparios obtenidos, emergieron machos y hembras de Drosophila spp. y parasitoides de los géneros Ganaspis y Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), también encontrados en las colectas. Ganaspis está citado como parasitoide del género Drosophila pero Dieucoila carece de registro de hospedador. Las identificaciones a nivel de especie están en progreso.The diversity of Drosophilidae and associated parasitoids were studied in organic raspberry crops in Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Fruits were harvested periodically near maturity, placed in plastic trays covered with voile cloth and held 15-20 days at H»25°C and 60- 70% RH. Additionally, insect samples were collected with an entomological aspirator, from berries attached to plants. Drosophila spp. females and males emerged from the puparia obtained, as well as parasitoids of the genera Ganaspis and Dieucoila (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae, Ganaspini), which were also found in the samples collected with the aspirator. Ganaspis is cited as a parasitoid of the genus Drosophila but Dieucoila lacks host registration. Specieslevel identifications are in progress.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aire

Elementos para una evaluación crítica del programa brasileño Un Millón de Cisternas Rurales - P1MC

The program One Million of Rural Cisterns (P1MC) was designed in 2001 by the network of Brazilian organizations known as the Articulation of the Semiarid Regions (ASA). In 2003, the program gained a new impulse when it became institutionalized by the Ministry of Social Development and to Fight Hunger. In this year the federal government began to finance the construction of cisterns for rainwater collection, a main component of the program. By November 2013, some 500.410 cisterns had been built. Although the construction of the physical structures is at the center of ASA’s work, its goals are broader since they also involve the mobilization, participation and training of the beneficiaries to enable them to live in harmony with the semiarid environment. From the questioning of the actions and perspectives of the P1MC and work of ASA, based on empirical evidence, constructed from a comparative case study, which interact with a theoretical framework, this study identifies tensions between conceptions and practices of that program and presents an agenda for discussion. The case studies were developed in rural communities called Buracão, located in the municipality of Chapada do Norte, Minas Gerais state, and Poços das Pedras, municipality of São João do Cariri, Paraíba state. The methods used for data collection involved questionnaires, conducting open interviews and field observation. It is considerate to the technological dimension, the usefulness of the service, the program meets their immediate purposes. However, the pedagogical-citizen dimension, there are symptoms that indicate a progressive emptying of the proposal. In this perspective, the most conspicuous feature of the P1MC is related to the physical dimension, that is, the construction of the cisterns. Unfortunately, the objectives of mobilizing and developing the capacity of the population to live in harmony with the semiarid environment have not been fully achieved.Desde el cuestionamiento de las acciones y las perspectivas del programa Un Millón de Cisternas Rurales (P1MC) y del trabajo de la red Articulación en el Semiárido Brasileño (ASA), con base en la evidencia empírica, construida a partir de un estudio comparativo de casos, y un marco teórico, este estudio identifica las tensiones entre las concepciones y prácticas de ese programa y presenta una agenda para la discusión. Se pondera que en la dimensión tecnológica del servicio, el programa cumple con sus propósitos inmediatos. No obstante, en la dimensión ciudadana pedagógica, hay síntomas que indican un vaciamiento progresivo de la propuest

Elementos para una evaluación crítica del programa brasileño Un Millón de Cisternas Rurales - P1MC

The program One Million of Rural Cisterns (P1MC) was designed in 2001 by the network of Brazilian organizations known as the Articulation of the Semiarid Regions (ASA). In 2003, the program gained a new impulse when it became institutionalized by the Ministry of Social Development and to Fight Hunger. In this year the federal government began to finance the construction of cisterns for rainwater collection, a main component of the program. By November 2013, some 500.410 cisterns had been built. Although the construction of the physical structures is at the center of ASA’s work, its goals are broader since they also involve the mobilization, participation and training of the beneficiaries to enable them to live in harmony with the semiarid environment. From the questioning of the actions and perspectives of the P1MC and work of ASA, based on empirical evidence, constructed from a comparative case study, which interact with a theoretical framework, this study identifies tensions between conceptions and practices of that program and presents an agenda for discussion. The case studies were developed in rural communities called Buracão, located in the municipality of Chapada do Norte, Minas Gerais state, and Poços das Pedras, municipality of São João do Cariri, Paraíba state. The methods used for data collection involved questionnaires, conducting open interviews and field observation. It is considerate to the technological dimension, the usefulness of the service, the program meets their immediate purposes. However, the pedagogical-citizen dimension, there are symptoms that indicate a progressive emptying of the proposal. In this perspective, the most conspicuous feature of the P1MC is related to the physical dimension, that is, the construction of the cisterns. Unfortunately, the objectives of mobilizing and developing the capacity of the population to live in harmony with the semiarid environment have not been fully achieved.Desde el cuestionamiento de las acciones y las perspectivas del programa Un Millón de Cisternas Rurales (P1MC) y del trabajo de la red Articulación en el Semiárido Brasileño (ASA), con base en la evidencia empírica, construida a partir de un estudio comparativo de casos, y un marco teórico, este estudio identifica las tensiones entre las concepciones y prácticas de ese programa y presenta una agenda para la discusión. Se pondera que en la dimensión tecnológica del servicio, el programa cumple con sus propósitos inmediatos. No obstante, en la dimensión ciudadana pedagógica, hay síntomas que indican un vaciamiento progresivo de la propuest

Diversidade de Parasitóides (Hymenoptera: Braconidae e Figitidae) de larvas frugívoras (Diptera: Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae) na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, Amazônia Ocidental, Manaus, Brasil

This study aimed to identify parasitoid species of frugivorous larvae and to describe the tritrophic interactions involving wild fruits, frugivorous insects and their natural enemies at Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve (RFAD) (Manaus, AM, Brazil). Collections were performed in four 1 km2 quadrants in the corners of the RFAD. The wild fruits were collected inside the forest in access trails leading to each collection area and in trails that surrounded the quadrants, up to five metres from the trail on each side. The fruits were placed in plastic containers covered with thin fabric, with a vermiculite layer on the base to allow the emergence of flies or parasitoids. Seven Braconidae species were collected, distributed among Opiinae: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti, 1911), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck, 1913), and Opius sp., and Alysiinae: Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck, 1958), Phaenocarpa pericarpa Wharton and Carrejo, 1999, Idiasta delicata Papp, 1969, and Asobara sp. Parasitism rates by braconids and figitids are presented. Doryctobracon areolatus was the most frequent, parasitizing the highest number of fly species, and showing the highest parasitism percentage in larvae feeding on Micropholis williamii fruits. The collected figitids belong to Aganaspis nordlanderi Wharton, 1998 and A. pelleranoi (Brethes, 1924). All 15 tritrophic associations are new records for the Brazilian Amazon region. The RFAD is an important natural reservoir of frugivorous larvae parasitoids