Divertículo vesical congénito: causa de obstrucción al tracto urinario

ResumenSe presenta el caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 2 meses de edad quien ingresa a servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital G. Parres por cuadro de urosepsis por enterococus. Con antecedente de cursar con hidronefrosis bilateral y vejiga distendida visto por ecografía. Se realiza derivación urinaria con sonda, y se envía a nuestra institución por uropatía obstructiva.Se realizan estudios de imagen para abordaje diagnóstico. El 29.09.09 se realiza cistograma miccional donde se observa vejiga septada que comunica directamente con la uretra y reflujo vesicoureteral derecho grado iii (GIII). Se solicita uro-TAC en la cual se observa divertículo vesical paraureteral derecho y reflujo vesicoureteral GII.Se decide realizar uretrocistoscopia donde se observa divertículo vesical en pared derecha muy grande, no se observa meato ureteral izquierdo. El 14.12.09 se realiza gammagrama renal que evidencia pieloectasia bilateral, ureterocele derecho, reflujo vesicoureteral bilateral GIII. Función de riñón derecho, 46.1 (41%) y función de riñón izquierdo, 66.2 (59%).El 15.02.10 se realiza resección de divertículo y reimplante ureteral derecho tipo Politano Leadbetter con reparación de piso vesical. El 04.05.10 en el cistograma miccional se observa vejiga de bordes irregulares con capacidad de 50cc, cuello con adecuada apertura, sin reflujo y uretra permeable en todo su trayecto. A los 11 meses, paciente asintomático ya sin profilaxis.AbstractThe clinical case of a 2-month-old male infant is described herein. The patient was admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Service of the Hospital G. Parres with symptoms of urosepsis due to Enterococcus. His past history included bilateral hydronephrosis and an ultrasound study revealed a distended bladder. A urinary diversion with catheter was performed and the patient was referred to our institution due to obstructive uropathy.Imaging studies were carried out for the diagnostic approach. A voiding cystogram was performed on 29.9.09 that showed a septate bladder communicating directly with the urethra and grade III vesicoureteral reflux. Computed tomography urography was ordered and revealed a right paraureteral bladder diverticulum and grade II vesicoureteral reflux.Urethrocystoscopy was performed and showed a very large bladder diverticulum at the right wall; the left ureteral meatus was not observed. A kidney scintigram done on 14.12.09 identified bilateral renal pelvis dilation, right ureterocele, and grade III bilateral vesicoureteral reflux. Kidney function was within normal limits: right kidney 46.1 (41%) and left kidney 66.2 (59%).The diverticulum was resected and a right Politano-Leadbetter ureteral reimplantation with bladder floor repair was performed on 15.02.10. A voiding cystogram carried out on 04.05.10 showed a bladder with irregular borders and a capacity of 50 cc, a neck with adequate opening, no reflux, and a permeable urethral tract. At 11 months the patient was asymptomatic and no longer undergoing antibiotic prophylaxis

Quasinormal modes from potentials surrounding the charged dilaton black hole

We clarify the purely imaginary quasinormal frequencies of a massless scalar perturbation on the 3D charged-dilaton black holes. This case is quite interesting because the potential-step appears outside the event horizon similar to the case of the electromagnetic perturbations on the large Schwarzschild-AdS black holes. It turns out that the potential-step type provides the purely imaginary quasinormal frequencies, while the potential-barrier type gives the complex quasinormal modes.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figure

Triggering synchronized oscillations through arbitrarily weak diversity in close-to-threshold excitable media

It is shown that arbitrarily weak (frozen) heterogeneity can induce global synchronized oscillations in excitable media close to threshold. The work is carried out on networks of coupled van der Pol-FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators. The result is shown to be robust against the presence of internal dynamical noise.Comment: 4 pages (RevTeX 3 style), 5 EPS figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E (16 aug 2001

Osmotic stress tolerance in forage oat varieties (Avena Sativa L.) based on osmotic potential trials

Received: April 1st, 2022 ; Accepted: December 12th, 2022 ; Published: February 7th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] oats (Avena sativa L.) are globally important for milk and meat production, and, to a lesser extent, for the human diet. In Mexico, oats are a strategic crop, occupying the fourth place in cultivated area, only after maize for grain, bean, and sorghum for grain. Droughts are the main problem for oat production in Mexico. This study evaluated the germination and seedling growth of several oat varieties in response to drought stress simulated by PEG-6000 treatments of different osmotic pressure in order to identify drought-resistant genotypes. The Teporaca genotype was the most outstanding in the three levels of OP compared to its control with 0.0 of Osmotic Potential (OP). The Teporaca genotype showed the largest root length and the lowest diminishment of root length under osmotic stress conditions. This genotype also had the largest shoot length in the three osmotic stress levels. Regarding root fresh weight, Babicora stands out with 98.5% and Teporaca with 43% in the most severe level. Teporaca, Menonita, and Babicora showed the outstanding root dry weights of 346.5%, 327.2%, and 251.2%, respectively. These varieties had higher root dry weight than their own controls in water in the most severe level of OP. In conclusion, the Teporaca, Menonita, and Karma genotypes showed the highest osmotic stress tolerance and could be used as sources of favorable alleles to improve oat drought tolerance

Quasinormal modes of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by free static spherically symmetric quintessence: Electromagnetic perturbations

In this paper, we evaluated the quasinormal modes of electromagnetic perturbation in a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by the static spherically symmetric quintessence by using the third-order WKB approximation when the quintessential state parameter $w_{q}$ in the range of $-1/3<w_{q}<0$. Due to the presence of quintessence, Maxwell field damps more slowly. And when at $-1<w_{q}<-1/3$, it is similar to the black hole solution in the ds/Ads spacetime. The appropriate boundary conditions need to be modified.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

On the quasinormal modes of the de Sitter spacetime

Modifying a method by Horowitz and Hubeny for asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes, we establish the classical stability of the quasinormal modes of the de Sitter spacetime. Furthermore using a straightforward method we calculate the de Sitter quasinormal frequencies of the gravitational perturbations and discuss some properties of the radial functions of these quasinormal modes.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Perturbations and quasi-normal modes of black holes in Einstein-Aether theory

We develop a new method for calculation of quasi-normal modes of black holes, when the effective potential, which governs black hole perturbations, is known only numerically in some region near the black hole. This method can be applied to perturbations of a wide class of numerical black hole solutions. We apply it to the black holes in the Einstein-Aether theory, a theory where general relativity is coupled to a unit time-like vector field, in order to observe local Lorentz symmetry violation. We found that in the non-reduced Einstein-Aether theory, real oscillation frequency and damping rate of quasi-normal modes are larger than those of Schwarzschild black holes in the Einstein theory.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, RevTex, to be published in Phys. Lett.

Absorption and quasinormal modes of classical fields propagating on 3D and 4D de Sitter spacetime

We extensively study the exact solutions of the massless Dirac equation in 3D de Sitter spacetime that we published recently. Using the Newman-Penrose formalism, we find exact solutions of the equations of motion for the massless classical fields of spin s=1/2,1,2 and to the massive Dirac equation in 4D de Sitter metric. Employing these solutions, we analyze the absorption by the cosmological horizon and de Sitter quasinormal modes. We also comment on the results given by other authors.Comment: 31 page

Water quality index determination in rivers of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Ecuador

[EN] A selection of the most suitable Water Quality Index was performed in this work, according to the Ecuadorian technical regulations for the rivers of the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Ecuador. Nine rivers from the territory were selected (Pove, Otongo, Mapali, Cucaracha, Chila, Damas, Camal, Bolo and the Kasama Stream) covering 26 sampling points during the years 2015-2017. A comparative analysis was carried out among the Water Quality Indices: NSF, CCME, ICG, ICAUCA and León. The adjustment of these to the Ecuadorian regulations was conducted by means of statistical tests according to the following criteria: the straight line with the steepest slope, lower confidence interval of the slope, and the least amount of parameters that each WQI evaluates. As a main result, WQI-NSF was discovered to be most adequate, since it describes rivers’ water quality better, using fewer parameters.[ES] En este trabajo se realizó una selección del Índice de Calidad del Agua (ICA) más idóneo que se ajusta a la normativa técnica para los ríos de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Fueron seleccionados 9 ríos del territorio (Pove, Otongo, Mapali, Cucaracha, Chila, Damas, Camal, Bolo y el Estero Kasama) abarcando 26 puntos de muestreos durante los años 2015-2017. El análisis comparativo se realizó entre los Índices de Calidad del Agua: NSF, CCME, ICG, ICAUCA, y de León. El ajuste a la normativa ecuatoriana se realizó mediante pruebas estadísticas bajo los siguientes criterios: la recta con mayor pendiente, menor intervalo de confianza de la pendiente, y menor cantidad de parámetros que evalúa cada ICA. Se obtuvo como principal resultado que el ICA-NSF describe mejor la calidad del agua de los ríos, utilizando menos parámetros.Se agradece a los estudiantes de pregrado de la carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental de los años evaluados así como al laboratorio de química de la Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial por el aporte de los datos y financiamiento para la realización de este estudio.García-González, J.; Osorio-Ortega, M.; Saquicela-Rojas, R.; Cadme, M. (2021). Determinación del índice de calidad del agua en ríos de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Ingeniería del agua. 25(2):115-126. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2021.13921OJS115126252Altamirano Mateus, M.G. 2013. Estudio hidroquímico y de calidad del agua superficial en la cuenca del río Mira. Tesis de Grado. Universidad Central de Ecuador. Quito. Consultado en http://www.dspace.uce.edu.ec/handle/25000/1711Baque-Mite, R., Simba-Ochoa, L., González-Ozorio, B., Suatunce, P., Diaz-Ocampo, E., &Cadme-Arevalo, L. 2016. Calidad del agua destinada al consumo humano en un cantón de Ecuador. Revista Ciencia UNEMI, 9(20), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol9iss20.2016pp109-117pBeamonte, E., Casino, A., Veres, E.J. 2012. Análisis de la calidad general del agua superficial en la cuenca hidrográfica del Júcar: periodo 2000-2009. Revista Electrónica de Medio Ambiente, 12, 18-32.Behar, R., Zuñiga, M., Rojas, O. 1997. Análisis y Valoración del Índice de Calidad de Agua (ICA) de la NSF: Casos Ríos Cali y Meléndez. Ingeniería y Competitividad, 1, 17-27. https://doi.org/10.25100/iyc.v1i1.2361Brown, R.M., McLelland, N.J., Deininger, RA., Tozer, R.G. 1970. A Water Quality Index Do We Dare? Water & Sewage Works 117(10), 339-343Caho, C., López, E. 2017. Determinación del Índice de Calidad de Agua para el sector occidental del humedal Torca-Guaymaral empleando las metodologías UWQI y CWQI. Producción + Limpia, 12(2), 35-49. https://doi.org/10.22507/pml.v12n2a3Calvo, G., Mora, J. 2012. Análisis de la calidad de varios cuerpos de agua superficiales en el GAM y la Península de Osa utilizando el Índice Holandés. Tecnología en Marcha, 25(5), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.18845/tm.v25i5.471Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. 2001. Canadian environmental quality guidelines. Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: CCME. Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.CETESB. 2006. Relatório de qualidade das águas interiores no estado de São Paulo, Anexo V, Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental, São Paulo.CVC, Universidad del Valle. 2004. Estudio de la calidad del agua del río Cauca y sus principales tributarios mediante la aplicación de Índices de Calidad y Contaminación. Proyecto Modelación del Río Cauca (PMC), Fase II, Cali, Valle., Vol. X., Colombia.Dinius, S. 1987. Design of an Index Of Water Quality. Water Res. Bull, 23(5), 833-843. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1987.tb02959.xFernández, N., Solano, F. 2005. Índices de Calidad y Contaminación del Agua. Universidad de Pamplona. Pamplona.González, V., Caicedo, O., Aguirre, N. 2013. Aplicación de los índices de calidad de agua NSF, Dinius y BMWP en La Quebrada La Ayurá, Antoquia, Colombia. Revista Gestión y Ambiente, 16(1), 97-108. Medellin ISSN 0124.177X.León, L. 1998. Índices de Calidad del Agua (ICA), Formas de estimarlos y Aplicación en la Cuenca Lerma-Chapala. Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Morelos, Mexico. Obtenido de https://www.dspace.espol.edu.ec/bitstream/123456789/6147/1/ICA%20Forma%20de%20estimarlos.pdfNasiri, F., Maqsood, I., Huang G., Fuller, N. 2007. Water Quality Index: A Fuzzy River-Pollution Decision Support Expert System. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 133, 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2007)133:2(95)NTE INEN 2176:98 Agua. Calidad del Agua. Muestreo. Técnicas de muestreo. Primera edición, Quito, Ecuador. Consultado en: https://law.resource.org/pub/ec/ibr/ec.nte.2176.1998.pdfNTE INEN 2226:98 Agua. Calidad del Agua. Muestreo. Diseño de los programas de muestreo. Primera edición, Quito, Ecuador. Consultado en: https://law.resource.org/pub/ec/ibr/ec.nte.2226.1998.pdfOtt, W. 1978a. Water quality index: a survey of indexes used in the United States, Michigan, Estados Unidos: Environmental Monitoring Series.Ott, W. R. 1978b. Environmental quality indices: Theory and practice, Ann Arbor: Ann Arbor Science.Patiño, P., Holguín, J., Barba-Ho, L., Cruz, C., Ramírez, C., Duque, A., Baena, L. 2004. Metodología para la adaptación de un Índice de Calidad del Agua a las condiciones medioambientales del Rio Cauca en el tramo Sarvajina-Virginia. Seminario Internacional: Visión integral en el mejoramiento de la calidad del agua. Universidad del Valle, Instituto Cinara.Pauta-Calle, G., Chang-Gómez, J. 2014. Índices de calidad del agua de fuentes superficiales y aspectos toxicológicos, evaluación del Río Burgay. MASKANA,I+D+ingeniería, 165-176.Pérez, J., Nardini, A., y Galindo, A. 2018. Análisis Comparativo de Índices de Calidad del Agua Aplicados al Río Ranchería, La Guajira-Colombia. Información Tecnológica, 29(3), 47-58. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07642018000300047Quiroz, L., Izquierdo, E., Menéndez, C. 2017. Aplicación del índice de calidad de agua en el río Portoviejo, Ecuador. Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, 38, 41-51.Registro Oficial. 2015. Edición Especial No. 387. pp. 7-13. República del Ecuador. Obtenido de https://www.gob.ec/sites/default/files/regulations/2018-09/Documento_Registro-Oficial-No-387-04-noviembre-2015_0.pdfSacha, A., Espinoza, C. 2001. Determinación de Contenido Natural e Índices de Calidad: ¿Presente y Futuro de Calidad de Aguas? XIV Congreso Chileno de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ambiental AIDIS, Chile.SENAGUA. 2012. Estudio Técnico: DNCA-DHN-12-01; Análisis de la calidad del agua de la subcuenca del Río Coca. Secretaría Nacional de Agua.Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. 2005. 21st Edition. APHA AWWA WEF.Standard Methods for Examination of water and wastewater. 2012. 22th Edition, corresponde Standard Methods ONLINE.Torres, P., Cruz, C.H., Patiño, P., Escobar, J.C., Pérez, A. 2010. Aplicación de índices de calidad de agua - ICA orientados al uso de la fuente para consumo humano. Ingeniería e Investigación, 30(3), 86-95.Valdes, J., Samboni, N.E., Carvajal, Y. 2011. Desarrollo de un indicador de la calidad del agua usando estadística aplicada, caso de estudio: subcuenca Zanjón Oscuro. Revista Tecnológicas, 26, 165-180. https://doi.org/10.22430/22565337.60Zar, J. 2014. Biostatistical Analysis. FithEdition. Pearson Education Limited. ISBN 10:1-292-02404-6. United States of America. pp. 372-375

Gravitational spectrum of black holes in the Einstein-Aether theory

Evolution of gravitational perturbations, both in time and frequency domains, is considered for a spherically symmetric black hole in the non-reduced Einstein-Aether theory. It is shown that real oscillation frequency and damping rate are larger for the Einstein-Aether black hole than for the Schwarzschild black hole. This may provide an opportunity to observe aether in the forthcoming experiments with new generation of gravitational antennas.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, to be published in Phys. Lett.