Continuous time models of interest rate: testing peso-dollar exchange rate.

As an extension of the article by Núñez, De la Cruz and Ortega (2007), different parametric models with jumps are tested with the methodology developed by Ait-Sahalia and Peng (2006), based on the transition function. Data analyzed are the peso-dollar exchange rate. The idea is to implement continuous-time parametric models for the peso-dollar exchange rate. The results confirm that the proposed continuous time models are not good enough to explain the behavior that describes the peso-dollar exchange rate. However, considering some continuous time models with Poisson jumps is possible to describe such behavior.

Tempo-Adjusted Period Parity Progression Measures, Fertility Postponement and Completed Cohort Fertility

In this paper we introduce a new set of tempo-adjusted period parity progression measures in order to account for two distinct implications caused by delays in childbearing: tempo distortions imply an underestimation of the quantum of fertility in observed period data, and the fertility aging effect reduces higher parity births because the respective exposure is shifted to older ages when the probability of having another child is quite low. Our measures remove the former distortion and provide means to assess the latter aging effect. The measures therefore provide a unified toolkit of fertility indices that (a) facilitate the description and analysis of past period fertility trends in terms of synthetic cohort measures, and (b) allow the projection of the timing, level and distribution of cohort fertility conditional on a specific postponement scenario. Due to their explicit relation to cohort behavior, these measures extend and improve the existing adjustment of the total fertility rate. We apply these methods to Sweden from 1970 to 1999.cohort fertility, fertility, fertility postponement, fertility projection, low fertility, parity progression, parity progression measures, Sweden, tempo adjustment

Tempo-Adjusted Period Parity Progression Measures:

In this paper we apply tempo-adjusted period parity progression ratios (Kohler and Ortega 2002) to Sweden, the Netherlands and Spain. These countries represent three distinct demographic patterns in contemporary Europe and are of particular interest for demographers. The goal of our analyses is to (a) describe past fertility trends in these countries in terms of synthetic cohorts and (b) project the level and distribution of completed fertility in cohorts who have not finished childbearing. Our analyses suggest that the most recent period fertility patterns in these countries do not imply substantial increases in childlessness even in younger cohorts. Moreover, if these patterns prevail in the future, young cohorts would reach completed fertility levels between 1.5-1.75.cohort fertility, fertility, fertility postponement, fertility projection, low fertility, Netherlands, parity progression measures, Spain, Sweden, tempo adjustment

Space, mass and ornament in the Gothic-Renaissance transition in Spain

La introducción en España de las nuevas formas y sintaxis renacentistas a lo largo del siglo xvi no se produjo con un abandono radical e inmediato de los viejos usos góticos, de validez comprobada en trascendentales cuestiones del diseño arquitectónico. La renovación de la producción fue heterogénea y en cierto modo particular de cada artífice, según su formación previa y el grado de contacto, coherencia y compromiso con las novedades italianas, generando un panorama híbrido y plural en la arquitectura del quinientos hispano. Atendiendo a significativos textos y documentos gráficos de la época, se pretende rastrear los cambios, e inercias, en el proceso de diseño arquitectónico durante esta larga etapa de transición, estructurando el análisis a partir de tres categorías sustanciales, interdependientes y autónomas a la vez: espacio, masa y ornato.During the sixteenth century the new Renaissance forms were introduced in Spain, but the Gothic procedures continued to be used due to their proven validity for the architectural design. The renovation of the architecture was heterogeneous and different for each master, according to his previous training and his knowledge of the new Italian forms. This involved a hybrid and plural context in the Spanish architecture of the 16th century. The changes and continuities of the architectural design process during this transitory stage are investigated in this paper, based on significant texts and graphic documents of this period. The analysis is structured based on three substantial architectural categories, which are simultaneously interdependent and autonomous: space, mass and ornamen

Propuesta didáctica con competencias en Lengua y Literatura para 2.º de ESO

La enseñanza de la Lengua y la Literatura exige un esfuerzo por parte de los docentes para que los alumnos adquieran el hábito de hablar y escribir correctamente. No podemos abandonar el estudio de ninguno de los ámbitos que constituyen la materia.Teaching Language and Literature requires an effort on the part of teachers to students to acquire the habit of speaking and writing correctly. We can’ t abandon the study of any of the areas that make up matter.L´enseignement de la langue et la littérature exige un effort de la part des enseignants pour que les étudiants puissent acquérir l’habitude de parler et d’écrire correctement. Nous ne pouvons pas abandonner l’étude d´aucun des domaines qui constituent la matière

Vocabulario relacionado con el carboneo, el carro y los aparejos de las bestias de carga y otros procedimientos de transporte en Cazalla de la Sierra

Partiendo de las encuestas del ALEA vamos a ver qué ha sucedido con el vocabulario utilizado antiguamente en algunos sectores laborales hoy ya prácticamente desaparecidos, centrándonos en tres aspectos y una zona concreta. Me refiero al carboneo, al carro y a los aparejos de bestias de carga y otros procedimientos de transporte en la localidad de Cazalla de la Sierra en la comarca de la Sierra Norte sevillana.Taking de survey of ALEA (Linguistic Atlas ofAndalusia) into account, we will see what has happened with the vocabulary anciently used in some work sectors, practically missing nowadays, and we will focus this on three aspects and a concrete área. I mean the charcoal, the cart, the types of pack-saddle and other transportations in the area of the Sierra Norte (Seville).Á partir des enquétes de / ALEA (Atlas Linguistique et Ethnographique de lAndalousie), nous allons voir ce qui s'est passé avec le vocabulaire utilisé autrefois dans quelques métiers qui sont disparus actuellement. Nous verrons trois aspects et une zone concrete. II s'agit du charbon, du char, des classes de bát et d'autres moyens de transport a Cazalla de la Sierra dans la contrée de la Sierra Norte de Séville

Marco legal y propuesta personal para la didáctica del español en la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria

La lengua española ha tenido diversos tratamientos a lo largo de los diferentes sistemas de enseñanza que ha habido en España. Los últimos avances en este sentido dan primacía a los aspectos comunicativos en detrimento del estudio sistemático del vocabulario, la ortografía, la gramática o la literatura. Efectivamente la finalidad del lenguaje es la comunicación, pero no obtendremos buenos resultados si la abordamos directamente, haciendo que los alumnos utilicen las diferentes fórmulas lingüísticas sin un acercamiento pormenorizado a los aspectos que, en su conjunto, conforman dichas fórmulas.The Spanish language has had diverse treatments along the different systems of education that have existed in Spain. The last advances in this respect give primacy to the communicative aspects to the detriment of the systematic study of vocabulary, spelling, grammar or literature. The real purpose of the language is communication, but we will not obtain good results if we approach it directly, making pupils use the different linguistic formulae without a detailed approximation to the aspects that, as a whole, shape the above mentioned formulae.La langue espagnole a eu plusieurs traitements tout au long des différents systémes d'enseignement qui ont existe en Espagne. Les derniéres progressions dans ce sens donnent une primauté aux aspects communicatifs au detriment de l'étude systématique du vocabulaire, de l'orthographe, de la grammaire ou de la littérature. Effectivement le but du langage est la communication, mais nous n'obtiendrons pas de bons résultats si nous l'abordons directement, en faisant que les eleves utilisent différentes formules linguistiques sans un rapprochement en détail des aspects, dans son ensemble, qui conforment les dites formules

Desarrollo de tres unidades didácticas para Lengua Castellana y Literatura en 1º de ESO

Nos acercamos a la lengua a través de sus elementos, aunque hacemos poco a poco incursiones en el terreno comunicativo, expresivo y textual. El maestro o profesor debe hacer que el alumno ame la lengua española como el bien cultural más precioso que poseemos. Debe ponderar sus virtudes, su importancia mundial, su belleza fonética y expresiva traducida en la ingente literatura que alberga a través de más de doce siglos. Ofrecemos el desarrollo de tres unidades didácticas para 1º de ESO con el fin de que los docentes puedan programar su trabajo con una herramienta práctica y muy útil.We are approaching the language through its elements, but we gradually ground incursions into communicative, expressive and textual. The teacher should make the students love the Spanish language as the most precious cultural asset we have. Should weigh its strengths, its global significance, its beauty and expressive translated phonetically into the vast literature that is home to more than twelve centuries. We offer the development of three teaching units for 1 ESO in order that teachers can plan their work with a practical and very useful.Nous approchons de la langue par le biais de ses éléments, mais nous faisons peu à peu des incursions dans communicative, expressive et textuelle. L’enseignant Dans le domaine de la Communications, de l´expression et des texts doit faire que l´élève aime la langue espagnole comme le plus précieux atout culturel que nous avons. Il doit peser les atouts, l´importance mondiale, la beauté et l´expression traduite phonétiquement dans la langue abritée depuis plus de 12 siècles par la literature. Nous proposons la mise en place de trois unités d’enseignement pour 1 ESO afin que les enseignants puissent planifier leur travail à l´aide d´outil pratique et très utile

A prefix encoding for a constructed language

This work focuses in the formal and technical analysis of some aspects of a constructed language. As a first part of the work, a possible coding for the language will be studied, emphasizing the pre x coding, for which an extension of the Hu man algorithm from binary to n-ary will be implemented. Because of that in the language we can't know a priori the frequency of use of the words, a study will be done and several strategies will be proposed for an open words system, analyzing previously the existing number of words in current natural languages. As a possible upgrade of the coding, we'll take also a look to the synchronization loss problem, as well as to its solution: the self-synchronization, a t-codes study with the number of possible words for the language, as well as other alternatives. Finally, and from a less formal approach, several applications for the language have been developed: A voice synthesizer, a speech recognition system and a system font for the use of the language in text processors. For each of these applications, the process used for its construction, as well as the problems encountered and still to solve in each will be detailed

Asegúrate: an intervention program against cyberbullying based on teachers' commitment and on design of its instructional materials

This article presents the impact on cyberbullying of the Asegúrate program. This educational program is based on the theory of normative social behavior, self-regulation skills,and the beliefs held by adolescents and consists in a whole package of strategies and resources to help teachers to include in the ordinary curricula. The evaluation of Asegúrate was carried out with a sample of 4779 students (48.9% girls) in 5th and 6th grade in primary education and compulsory secondary education (M = 12.76; SD = 1.67) through a quasi-experimental methodology, with two measures over time. The instrument used was the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. The results show that the involvement in cyberbullying as cyber-victim,cyber-aggressor, and cyber-bully-victim increase without intervention, whereas it diminishes when intervention is carried out by the teachers who have received specific training and have used the didactic Asegúrate package. Additionally, the impact of the intervention on the different types of behaviors was analyzed, and the results show that Asegúrate is more effective with some forms than with others. Consequently, the Asegúrate program is effective for decreasing the prevalence of cyberbullying, but some modifications need to be made to impact on all the different forms it can take.Gobierno de España PSI2017-86723-RGobierno de España PSI2016-74871-