Caracterización morfológica de variedades de vid para producción de Pisco bajo condiciones de la zona media del valle de Ica, Perú

This work consists in the morphological characterization of eight Pisco grapes varieties “Torontel, Italia, Mollar, Quebranta, Negra criolla, Albilla, Moscatel and Uvina” cultivated in the CITEagroindustrial, based on the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) list of descriptors for vine varieties and Vitis species, version 2009. Some ampelographic characters such as berry color and shape during the phenological stage are general knowledge, however the 56 descriptors in different phenological stages highlight differences. Therefore, the description of the varieties provides a greater precision to the characterization and serves as a guide to the producers of Pisco and producers of grapes, for a simple and correct identification of their plants in the field, avoiding the confusion that currently exists in the Identification of the different varieties, such as homonymy and incorrect identification.El estudio consiste en la caracterización morfológica de las ocho variedades de uvas pisqueras “Torontel, Italia, Mollar, Quebranta, Negra criolla, Albilla, Moscatel y Uvina” cultivadas en el CITEagroindustrial. Se utilizó la lista de descriptores de la Organización Internacional de la Viña y del Vino para variedades de vid y especies de Vitis versión 2009. Algunos de los caracteres ampelográficos como el color y forma de las bayas del estado fenológico de maduración es información generalizada; sin embargo, al evaluar los 56 descriptores en otros estados fenológicos se observan diferencias. Por lo tanto, la descripción de las variedades que se muestran aportan una mayor precisión a la caracterización y sirven de guía a los productores de Pisco y productores de uvas para la sencilla y correcta identificación en campo de sus plantas, ya que existe confusión en la identificación de las distintas variedades, como la homonimia y la identificación incorrecta de variedades

Evaluating bananas: A global partnership: results of IMTP phase II

For the International Musa Testing Programme (IMTP) Phase II, germplasm was evaluated for resistance to black Sigatoka (M. fijiensis), yellow Sigatoka (M. musicola) and Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense). The majority of IMTP Phase II trials were planted during 1996 and 1997. The first part of this publication provides a synthesis of final results. In the second part, full results are given for Sigatoka sites in Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nigeria, the Philippines, Tonga, and Uganda, and for Fusarium wilt (Foc) sites in Australia, Brazil, Honduras, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, and Uganda

Evaluation of Musa germplasm resistance to Sigatoka diseases and Fusarium wilt

INIBAP / PROMUSA / CTA. In collaboration with the PROMUSA working groups on Sigatoka and Fusarium. (English, French or Spanish version

Sequencing the potato genome: outline and first results to come from the elucidation of the sequence of the world's third most important food crop

Potato is a member of the Solanaceae, a plant family that includes several other economically important species, such as tomato, eggplant, petunia, tobacco and pepper. The Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium (PGSC) aims to elucidate the complete genome sequence of potato, the third most important food crop in the world. The PGSC is a collaboration between 13 research groups from China, India, Poland, Russia, the Netherlands, Ireland, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, USA, New Zealand and the UK. The potato genome consists of 12 chromosomes and has a (haploid) length of approximately 840 million base pairs, making it a medium-sized plant genome. The sequencing project builds on a diploid potato genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone library of 78000 clones, which has been fingerprinted and aligned into ~7000 physical map contigs. In addition, the BAC-ends have been sequenced and are publicly available. Approximately 30000 BACs are anchored to the Ultra High Density genetic map of potato, composed of 10000 unique AFLPTM markers. From this integrated genetic-physical map, between 50 to 150 seed BACs have currently been identified for every chromosome. Fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments on selected BAC clones confirm these anchor points. The seed clones provide the starting point for a BAC-by-BAC sequencing strategy. This strategy is being complemented by whole genome shotgun sequencing approaches using both 454 GS FLX and Illumina GA2 instruments. Assembly and annotation of the sequence data will be performed using publicly available and tailor-made tools. The availability of the annotated data will help to characterize germplasm collections based on allelic variance and to assist potato breeders to more fully exploit the genetic potential of potat

Sequencing the Potato Genome: Outline and First Results to Come from the Elucidation of the Sequence of the World’s Third Most Important Food Crop

Potato is a member of the Solanaceae, a plant family that includes several other economically important species, such as tomato, eggplant, petunia, tobacco and pepper. The Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium (PGSC) aims to elucidate the complete genome sequence of potato, the third most important food crop in the world. The PGSC is a collaboration between 13 research groups from China, India, Poland, Russia, the Netherlands, Ireland, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, USA, New Zealand and the UK. The potato genome consists of 12 chromosomes and has a (haploid) length of approximately 840 million base pairs, making it a medium-sized plant genome. The sequencing project builds on a diploid potato genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone library of 78000 clones, which has been fingerprinted and aligned into ~7000 physical map contigs. In addition, the BAC-ends have been sequenced and are publicly available. Approximately 30000 BACs are anchored to the Ultra High Density genetic map of potato, composed of 10000 unique AFLPTM markers. From this integrated genetic-physical map, between 50 to 150 seed BACs have currently been identified for every chromosome. Fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments on selected BAC clones confirm these anchor points. The seed clones provide the starting point for a BAC-by-BAC sequencing strategy. This strategy is being complemented by whole genome shotgun sequencing approaches using both 454 GS FLX and Illumina GA2 instruments. Assembly and annotation of the sequence data will be performed using publicly available and tailor-made tools. The availability of the annotated data will help to characterize germplasm collections based on allelic variance and to assist potato breeders to more fully exploit the genetic potential of potat

The sequence of rice chromosomes 11 and 12, rich in disease resistance genes and recent gene duplications

Background: Rice is an important staple food and, with the smallest cereal genome, serves as a reference species for studies on the evolution of cereals and other grasses. Therefore, decoding its entire genome will be a prerequisite for applied and basic research on this species and all other cereals. Results: We have determined and analyzed the complete sequences of two of its chromosomes, 11 and 12, which total 55.9 Mb (14.3% of the entire genome length), based on a set of overlapping clones. A total of 5,993 non-transposable element related genes are present on these chromosomes. Among them are 289 disease resistance-like and 28 defense-response genes, a higher proportion of these categories than on any other rice chromosome. A three-Mb segment on both chromosomes resulted from a duplication 7.7 million years ago (mya), the most recent large-scale duplication in the rice genome. Paralogous gene copies within this segmental duplication can be aligned with genomic assemblies from sorghum and maize. Although these gene copies are preserved on both chromosomes, their expression patterns have diverged. When the gene order of rice chromosomes 11 and 12 was compared to wheat gene loci, significant synteny between these orthologous regions was detected, illustrating the presence of conserved genes alternating with recently evolved genes. Conclusion: Because the resistance and defense response genes, enriched on these chromosomes relative to the whole genome, also occur in clusters, they provide a preferred target for breeding durable disease resistance in rice and the isolation of their allelic variants. The recent duplication of a large chromosomal segment coupled with the high density of disease resistance gene clusters makes this the most recently evolved part of the rice genome. Based on syntenic alignments of these chromosomes, rice chromosome 11 and 12 do not appear to have resulted from a single whole-genome duplication event as previously suggested