25,682 research outputs found
Phase transitions in dependence of apex predator decaying ratio in a cyclic dominant system
Cyclic dominant systems, like rock-paper-scissors game, are frequently used
to explain biodiversity in nature, where mobility, reproduction and
intransitive competition are on stage to provide the coexistence of
competitors. A significantly new situation emerges if we introduce an apex
predator who can superior all members of the mentioned three-species system. In
the latter case the evolution may terminate into three qualitatively different
destinations depending on the apex predator decaying ratio . In particular,
the whole population goes extinct or all four species survive or only the
original three-species system remains alive as we vary the control parameter.
These solutions are separated by a discontinuous and a continuous phase
transitions at critical values. Our results highlight that cyclic dominant
competition can offer a stable way to survive even in a predator-prey-like
system that can be maintained for large interval of critical parameter values.Comment: version to appear in EPL. 7 pages, 7 figure
Invasion controlled pattern formation in a generalized multi-species predator-prey system
Rock-scissors-paper game, as the simplest model of intransitive relation
between competing agents, is a frequently quoted model to explain the stable
diversity of competitors in the race of surviving. When increasing the number
of competitors we may face a novel situation because beside the mentioned
unidirectional predator-prey-like dominance a balanced or peer relation can
emerge between some competitors. By utilizing this possibility in the present
work we generalize a four-state predator-prey type model where we establish two
groups of species labeled by even and odd numbers. In particular, we introduce
different invasion probabilities between and within these groups, which results
in a tunable intensity of bidirectional invasion among peer species. Our study
reveals an exceptional richness of pattern formations where five quantitatively
different phases are observed by varying solely the strength of the mentioned
inner invasion. The related transition points can be identified with the help
of appropriate order parameters based on the spatial autocorrelation decay, on
the fraction of empty sites, and on the variance of the species density.
Furthermore, the application of diverse, alliance-specific inner invasion rates
for different groups may result in the extinction of the pair of species where
this inner invasion is moderate. These observations highlight that beyond the
well-known and intensively studied cyclic dominance there is an additional
source of complexity of pattern formation that has not been explored earlier.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures. To appear in PR
Dynamical evolution of non-minimally coupled scalar field in spherically symmetric de Sitter spacetimes
We investigate the dynamical behavior of a scalar field non-minimally coupled
to Einstein's tensor and Ricci scalar in geometries of asymptotically de Sitter
spacetimes. We show that the quasinormal modes remain unaffected if the scalar
field is massless and the black hole is electrically chargeless. In the massive
case, the coupling of both parameters produces a region of instability in the
spacetime determined by the geometry and field parameters. In the Schwarzschild
case, every solution for the equations of motion with has a range of
values of the coupling constant that produces unstable modes. The case
is the most unstable one, with a threshold value for stability in the coupling.
For the charged black hole, the existence of a range of instability in
is strongly related to geometry parameters presenting a region of stability
independent of the chosen parameter.Comment: 31 pages; 11 figures, 8 tables and typos correcte
Plasmon polaritons in photonic superlattices containing a left-handed material
We analyze one-dimensional photonic superlattices which alternate layers of
air and a left-handed material. We assume Drude-type dispersive responses for
the dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability of the left-handed
material. Maxwell's equations and the transfer-matrix technique are used to
derive the dispersion relation for the propagation of obliquely incident
optical fields. The photonic dispersion indicates that the growth-direction
component of the electric (or magnetic) field leads to the propagation of
electric (or magnetic) plasmon polaritons, for either TE or TM configurations.
Furthermore, we show that if the plasma frequency is chosen within the photonic
zeroth-order bandgap, the coupling of light with plasmons
weakens considerably. As light propagation is forbidden in that particular
frequency region, the plasmon-polariton mode reduces to a pure plasmon mode.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Roteiro dos participantes do curso: Custo de produção de café e leite.
Esta publicação é resultado de um trabalho de elaboração de curso de capacitação para agentes dinamizadores do desenvolvimento do território Vale do Jamari. A Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Territorial (SDT) estabeleceu dentre as diretrizes para a implantação do Programa de Desenvolvimento Territorial, promover a aquisição de capacidades, o desenvolvimento de capital social e a participação das populações territoriais, de modo a apoiar o processo de construção e implementação de planos territoriais de desenvolvimento. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do curso de Custo de produção de Café e Leite foi capacitar os agentes dinamizadores do desenvolvimento do território Vale do Jamari para atuarem como multiplicadores dos procedimentos de levantamento de custos de produção de café e leite.bitstream/CPAF-RO-2010/14323/1/doc110-curso-custodeproducaocafeeleite.pd
- …