Education management in Ukraine in the context of global economic transformations

The article identifies the features of the management of higher education in Ukraine and in Europe in the context of global economic transformations. In the process of analysis, it was determined that the financing of higher education in European countries is carried out almost equally: at the expense of the State budget and at the expense of individuals. At the same time, the outflow of students from the CIS countries to European countries can be explained by the proposed concepts of providing educational services, the main difference among which consists, firstly, in orientation towards the needs of the state, and secondly, in orientation towards the needs of business structures and various market subjects. It was also determined that the impact of economic factors on the level of education is rather low, and at the same time, this indicator largely depends on the indicator of the social capital. In this regard, the following social trends have been identified that need to be implemented for the successful education management: expanding the population education program, as well as providing lifelong education, ensuring equal access to quality education, strengthening the role of the state in ensuring equity in education, efficient and effective use of education costs, humanization and democratization of education, updating the content, forms, methods and means of training, enhancing the professional competence of teachers, transparency of education systems, the formation of state-public forms of education management.peer-reviewe

Ecologo-faunistic review of lamellicorn beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) of urbocenosis of Kharkov city (Ukraine)

This article presents a general overview of the superfamily Scarabaeoidea in five parks of Kharkov city and some adjacent agrocenosises. The species composition includes 32 species from four families of Scarabaeoidea. The Scarabaeidae family dominated in biodiversity and abundance (26 species from 16 genera). Six species (Dorcus parallelopipedus, Platyderes caraboides, Anoplotrupes stercorosus, Aphodius melanostictus, Pleurophorus caesus and Onthophagus coenobita) were sporadically registered as common, but in separate urban cenosises the number of species did not exceed one or three. The species composition and abundance of lamellicorn beetles was higher in large parks with only slight recreational disturbance. Here from 13 to 20 species were registered. On lawns in the center and in other districts of the city Scarabaeoidea species met very rarely. In the agrocenosises on the outskirts of Kharkov city – 16 species are noted, almost half of which were registered as common. The faunistic similarity of different urban cenosises was at low to medium levels (an average 0.20–0.47). These indices were slightly higher (0.38–0.67) for areas with lower recreational pressure. The indices of faunal similarity of separate parks and agrocenoses were lower (0.18–0.56, but on average – 0.33). At the level of common species, there was no faunistic similarity. The significance of such differences was due to both the low number of most Lamellicorn species and some of their ecological characteristics. The main differences were observed in the ratio of trophic groups and features of the spatial distribution of the dominant species. Smaller differences were observed on biotopic characteristic of most species. There were no differences in the hygropreference of the scarabeid species. In the parks herpetobiont saprophagous species dominated (mainly coprophagous and dendrophagous). In the agrocenoses, dendrochordobiontic phytophagous species predominated. The peculiarities of the ratio of different ecological groups of Scarabaeoidea in urban and agrocenosises are discussed.В результате исследований в пяти парках г. Харьков выявлено 32 вида из четырех семейств Scarabaeoidea. По видовому составу и численности доминировали представители семейства Scarabaeidae (26 видов из 16 родов). Обычными оказались шесть видов, причем в отдельных урбоценозах их число не превышало одного-трех видов. Видовой состав и численность скарабеоидных жуков оказались выше в крупных, рекреационно слабо нарушенных парках, где отмечено от 13 до 20 видов. На газонах как в центре города, так и в отдаленных микрорайонах, пластинчатоусые жуки встречались единично. В прилегающих к Харькову агроценозах отмечено 16 видов, из которых почти половина – обычны. Среднее фаунистическое сходство Scarabaeoidea в разных парках оказалось невелико (0,20 по Жаккару и 0,47 по Чекановскому – Серенсену). Эти показатели были чуть выше (0,38–0,50 / 0,61–0,67) для территорий с меньшей рекреационной нагруз­кой. Фаунистические индексы отдельных парков и агроценозов составляли 0,18–0,31 / 0,31–0,56 (в среднем – 0,33 / 0,50). На уровне обычных видов, фаунистическое сходство отсутствует. Значимость таких различий обусловлена как низкой численностью большинства видов, так и некоторыми экологическими характеристиками видов. Основные различия наблюдались в соотношении трофических групп и особенностях пространственного распределения доминантных видов. Меньшие различия отмечены при сравнении видов по биото­пической приуроченности и гигропреферендуму. По трофической специализации в парках доминировали герпетобионтные сапрофаги разной специализации (в основном копрофаги и дендрофаги), тогда как в агроценозах преобладали фитофаги – дендрохортобионты. Обсуждены особенности соотношения разных экологических групп Scarabaeoidea в урбо- и агроценозах.В результате исследований в пяти парках г. Харьков выявлено 32 вида из четырех семейств Scarabaeoidea. По видовому составу и численности доминировали представители семейства Scarabaeidae (26 видов из 16 родов). Обычными оказались шесть видов, причем в отдельных урбоценозах их число не превышало одного-трех видов. Видовой состав и численность скарабеоидных жуков оказались выше в крупных, рекреационно слабо нарушенных парках, где отмечено от 13 до 20 видов. На газонах как в центре города, так и в отдаленных микрорайонах, пластинчатоусые жуки встречались единично. В прилегающих к Харькову агроценозах отмечено 16 видов, из которых почти половина – обычны. Среднее фаунистическое сходство Scarabaeoidea в разных парках оказалось невелико (0,20 по Жаккару и 0,47 по Чекановскому – Серенсену). Эти показатели были чуть выше (0,38–0,50 / 0,61–0,67) для территорий с меньшей рекреационной нагруз­кой. Фаунистические индексы отдельных парков и агроценозов составляли 0,18–0,31 / 0,31–0,56 (в среднем – 0,33 / 0,50). На уровне обычных видов, фаунистическое сходство отсутствует. Значимость таких различий обусловлена как низкой численностью большинства видов, так и некоторыми экологическими характеристиками видов. Основные различия наблюдались в соотношении трофических групп и особенностях пространственного распределения доминантных видов. Меньшие различия отмечены при сравнении видов по биото­пической приуроченности и гигропреферендуму. По трофической специализации в парках доминировали герпетобионтные сапрофаги разной специализации (в основном копрофаги и дендрофаги), тогда как в агроценозах преобладали фитофаги – дендрохортобионты. Обсуждены особенности соотношения разных экологических групп Scarabaeoidea в урбо- и агроценозах

Pathogenic characteristics of intracellular infection in chlamydiosis

This review analyzes scientific data and systematized information regarding microbiological aspects and pathogenesis of chlamydia infection. Chlamydia are obligate intracellular microorganisms that are sensitive to any human cells where energy parasitism is possible: various types of epithelium, fibrocytes, histiocytes, glial and muscle cells, squamous epithelium of the meninges and eyeball, neurons, monocytes, macrophages. Structure, chemical composition and enzymatic activity of Chlamydia closely resemble those in Gram-negative bacteria, as they retain their morphological identity throughout the life cycle, possess cell wall, ribosomes, DNA, RNA, biochemical elements of glycolysis, tissue respiration, peptose production being sensitive to some broad-spectrum antibiotics, and are able to vegetative form division. In recent decades, the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of chlamydial lesions in the urogenital tract, nervous, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and bronchopulmonary systems have been actively studied, and new approaches and treatment schemes for chlamydia-infected patients are still developing. Over many decades, Chlamydia infection has been an important and urgent problem, not only due to its high prevalence, but also because of high rate of complications negatively affecting populational health and related demographic parameters. Chlamydia causes multiple diseases resulting in chronization of inflammatory process in all human organs and systems, and affects reproduction of population. Mandatory statistical recording of chlamydiosis cases introduced as early as in 1994 in the Russian Federation does not reflect the actual incidence rate. A rise in number of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by Chlamydia undoubtedly increases its etiological importance, but data regarding etiopathogenetic role of Chlamydia in ENT pathology are ambiguous and contradictory. Available publications describe a large range of variation in rate of detected Chlamydia due to poor awareness of doctors about the microbiological properties of chlamydia, pathogenetic and clinical features of clinical signs of this infection, and lack of common and clear understanding on the algorithms for identifying and treating chlamydiosis. Since the majority of chlamydia-associated nosological forms are asymptomatic, knowing pathogenetic features of related will allow to prevent the spread of the infection and reduce subsequent socio-economic consequences

Macroeconomic Modernization of the National Economy Regarding the Supply Chain Management of the National Economy’s Competitiveness

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of supply chain management on competitive advantage and sustainability in the national economy. The national economy’s competitiveness has a complex nature, ensured by sustainable economic, political and social development. In the paper the issue of the national economy’s competitiveness as a complex of supply chain management of socio-economic system is researched. The author’s approach to the concept of the national economy’s competitiveness was formed. Key elements of the national economy’s competitiveness were analyzed, among which national production, resource base, intelligence of the Nation, and national social capital. Relationships between the competitiveness of the national economy and globalization processes are determined. Practical recommendations for improving competitiveness of the developing countries in the world economic area were proposed. Problem of the national economy’s competitiveness is examined from the position of the modern macroeconomic modernization, under supply chain system and institutional dynamics are one of the key factors for promoting economic progress and ensuring society’s high level of well-fare

Research on saliva’s cation composition in people with gastrointestinal tract’s pathology

Розглянуто питання зв’язку між патологіями шлунково-кишкового тракту та змінами концентрацій мікроелементів у слині людини. Показано зменшення вмісту катіонів у слині при формуванні та розвитку патологічного процесу у шлунково-кишковому тракті. Розглянуто питання зв’язку між патологіями шлунково-кишкового тракту та змінами концентрацій мікроелементів у слині людини. Показано зменшення вмісту катіонів у слині при формуванні та розвитку патологічного процесу у шлунково-кишковому тракті. Connection between alimentary canal diseases and microelements’ concentrations in saliva is under consideration. It is shown, that the cations’ concentration in saliva decreases during development of the gastrointestinal tract pathology

Local taxonomic spectra in plants, animals, fungi and terrestrial protists show common mathematical patterns

Taxonomic spectra, i.e. relations between supraspecific taxa by the number of included species, remain poorly understood in aspect of the mathematical properties. We studied taxonomic spectra of plants (Magnoliophyta, Bryophyta), animals (Coleoptera, Aves), fungi (Agaricomycetes) and terrestrial protists (Myxomycetes), found in the Homilsha Forests National Nature Park (North-East of Ukraine), and concluded that they correspond to the hollow-curve distribution at the level of genera, families and orders. The spectra of most taxa, as shown by the Akaike information criterion, are closely approximated by the log-series distribution model at all taxonomic levels. This type of distribution is typical for the species abundance curves, based on collections made from small areas. At the same time, in the genera–families–orders row the similarity to the lognormal distribution increases. The central values and variability vary considerably between different taxonomic groups and ranks, however, without affecting the type of distribution. The number of orders in all taxa except Bryophyta has reached the saturation and coincides with the curve of the estimated number of orders according to the Chao1 coefficient. For families and especially genera the correspondence with estimated number of species is much lower. Our results do not confirm the assumption that hollow-curve distributions of taxonomic spectra result from the artificial fragmentation of taxa. These distributions neither depend on the insufficient knowledge about the species composition at the locality, nor reflect the size of the studied area. The presence of such distributions in both local and global biota of different groups may be explained by the common features of their evolution, especially by the existence of relict orphan groups. The fact that in Homilsha Forests the kurtosis and skewness of distributions decreases in the genera–families–orders row can therefore be explained by the relatively low percentage of the high-rank orphan taxa in the local biota. This may be a common feature of communities studied at small geographical scale, since orphan taxa often demonstrate a high level of endemism. Comparative studies of local communities from different climate zones may help to understand how universal are the patterns, described herein

INTRA-FAMILY CHLAMYDIA CONTAMINATION IN UPPER SEGMENTS OF RESPIRATORY TRACT

The paper presents the results of studying of 44 families of patients with diseases of upper segment of respiratory tract, associated with Chlamydia infection. Control group included. 43 families of ENT-patients without Chlamydia infection. Diagnostics of Chlamydia infection was provided by using the complex of laboratory methods (direct fluorescence immunoassay and immune-enzyme analysis, polymerase-chain reaction). The presence of a patient with respiratory chlamydiosis in a family promotes infecting of other members of the family with Chlamydia

Preparation and study of growth stimulating activity of 1-propyl-4-(3’-amino-1’, 2’, 4’-triazolo-3’-thiopropinyl) piperidin-4-ol

Results on the obtaining and the study of a plant growth stimulator based on 1-propyl-4-(3'-amino-1’,2’,4'-triazolo-3'-thiopropinyl) piperidin-4-ol are presented in the article. 1-propylpiperidin-4-on and 3-mercaptopropinyl-5-amin-1,2,4-triazolo were obtained with the basic parameters of the synthesis for synthesizing of 1-propyl-4-(3'-amino-1', 2', 4'-triazolo-3'-thiopropinyl) piperidin-4-ol. The structures of the obtained organic compounds were proved using IR spectroscopy and1H and13C NMR spectrometry. The obtained 1-propyl-4-(3’-amino-1’2’4’-triazolo-3’-thiopropynyl)-piperidine-4-ol was tested for growth-stimulating activity on spring wheat grains compared with control (water) and has proved to be a domestic growth regulator «Akpinol-alpha» (KN-2). © 2019, Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Catedra de Filosofie Sistematica. All rights reserved

The effect of preventive immunotherapy on indicators of cellular immunity of high-class martial art athletes depending on the level of sporting achievements

Objective: to evaluatethe preventive immunotherapy's (PIT) influence on indicators of cellular immunity of highly qualified combat athletes, depending on the level of sporting achievements. Materials and methods: research included 79 sportsmen with average age of 25,2 years, average weight 76,9 kg, sports experience no less than 10 years and sports rank no less than master of sports. Participants were stratified by the level of achievements in sports. The group 1 with highest level of achievements consisted of 31 sportsmen, each of who earned victory or a prize place on biggest international competitions (such as championships of Europe, World and Olympic Games). Remaining 48 participants didn't have such achievements, but theywere a part of national team (Group 2). PIT included probiotic - Fervital, a complex preparation of omega 3-6-9 fatty acids, vitamin-mineral complex - the Alphabet-biorhythm; antioxidant complex - Ubigold Q10 (coenzyme Q + vitamin E); antihypoxant - Hypoxen; sedative - Novo-Passit; adaptogenic drug - Gerimax Ginseng; polyenzyme complex - Wobenzym. Results: there was a great balance of cellular immunity in the group 1 before the PIT due to the higher content of CD4+ and CD19+ cells. A statistically significant increase in the relative content of CD3+ and CD8+ cells and a decrease in the relative and absolute content of CD16+ cells was detected against the background of PIT in the group l. But the group 2, on the contrary, showed an increase in the relative and absolute content of CD16+ cells. Conclusions: the obtained results showed a different reaction in the both groups to the conducted preventive immunotherapy, which, apparently, was due to the initial difference in the biochemical, genetic, psychological potential of athletes of these two groups

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЦИКЛИЧНОЙ ПОЛИАНТИБИОТИКОТЕРАПИИ ПРИ ХЛАМИДИЙНОМ ПОРАЖЕНИИ ОКОЛОНОСОВЫХ ПАЗУХ У ДЕТЕЙ

This article presents a scheme of antibiotic treatment of children with acute sinus infections, paired with Chlamydial  infection, which is based on the use of cyclic poliantibiotikoterapii macrolide drugs. The most significant advantage of this therapy is the high degree of eradication of Chlamydial agent (87.5 %), which allows high-quality conduct antichlamydial treatment prevents the chronization inflammation, disseminated infection and helps reduce the number of complications. Recommended for use in medical practice physicians otorhinolaryngology for the treatment of acute sinusitis in children,  coupled with the Chlamydial infection.В настоящей статье представлена схема антибактериального лечения детей с острым воспалением  околоносовых пазух, сопряженным с хламидийной инфекцией, которая базируется на применении цикличной полиантибиотикотерапии препаратами группы макролидов. Наиболее значимым преимуществом данной терапии является высокая степень эрадикации хламидийного возбудителя (87,5%),  что позволяет  качественно  провести противохламидийное  лечение, предотвращает  хронизацию воспалительного процесса, диссеминацию инфекции и способствует снижению числа осложнений. Рекомендуется к применению в практическом здравоохранении врачами оториноларингологами для лечения острого синусита у детей, сопряженного с хламидийной инфекцией