The importance of p24 antigen identification among people with negative and controversial results of HIV infection immune blot

In order to determine whether to include in the standard HIV testing algorithm p24 antigen analysis, the results of the repeated studies in immune blot (IB) of 183 people have been analyzed. All patients in the initial examination had HIV positive results in enzyme immunodetection and HIV negative or controversial results in immune blot. 71 patients were identified p24 antigenin the initial examination, and 112 people showed negative result. Our studies showed that the use of this test increases the efficiency of HIV testing, and in 84.5% of cases p24 antigen detection among people with controversial and negative immune blot results indicates the presence of HIV infection early stage.С целью определения целесообразности включения в стандартный алгоритм тестирования на ВИЧ-инфекцию анализа на антиген р24, были проанализированы результаты повторных исследований в иммунном блоте (ИБ) у 183 человек. Все пациенты при первичном обследовании имели положительные результаты в иммуноферментном анализе (ИФА) на ВИН и отрицательные или сомнительные результаты ИБ. У 71 пациента при первичном обследовании был выявлен антиген р24, у 112 получен отрицательный результат. В результате проведенного исследования было установлено, что использование данного теста повышает эффективность тестирования на ВИН, и в 84,5% случаев выявление антигена р24 у лиц с сомнительным и отрицательным результатом ИБ свидетельствует о наличии ранней стадии ВИН-инфекции

МИТОХОНДРИАЛЬНЫЙ БЕЛКОВЫЙ ПРОФИЛЬ И ЕГО РОЛЬ В ПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССАХ

Mitochondria import hundreds of different precursor proteins from the cytosol, and only 13 proteins are encoded by mtDNA itself. Recent investigations demonstrated real size of mitochondrial proteome and complexity of their functions There are many methods using for mitochondrial proteome profiling, that help to understand a molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial functions and identify the causes of disruptions that lead to different disorders. In this review we discuss a recent data in the field of mitochondrial proteomics.Собственная ДНК митохондрий кодирует лишь 13 полипептидов – субъединиц электронтранспортной цепи. Большинство же белков импортируются в митохондрии посредством различных механизмов. Последние исследования митохондриального протеома продемонстрировали истинные размеры и сложную функциональную организацию митохондриальных белковых профилей. Для протеомного профилирования митохондрий применяются различные технологии, которые в сумме представляют результаты, помогающие понять молекулярные механизмы функционирования органелл и выявить нарушения, приводящие к различным заболеваниям. В данном обзоре рассмотрены и проанализированны последние данные в области протеомики митохондрий и затронуты некоторые аспекты молекулярного патогенеза заболеваний дыхательной цепи

Novel Bispidine-Monoterpene Conjugates—Synthesis and Application as Ligands for the Catalytic Ethylation of Chalcones

A number of new chiral bispidines containing monoterpenoid fragments have been obtained. The bispidines were studied as ligands for Ni-catalyzed addition of diethylzinc to chalcones. The conditions for chromatographic analysis by HPLC-UV were developed, in which the peaks of the enantiomers of all synthesized chiral products were separated, which made it possible to determine the enantiomeric excess of the resulting mixture. It was demonstrated that bispidine-monoterpenoid conjugates can be used as the ligands for diethylzinc addition to chalcone C=C double bond but not as inducers of chirality. Besides products of ethylation, formation of products of formal hydrogenation of the chalcone C=C double bond was observed in all cases. Note, that this formation of hydrogenation products in significant amounts in the presence of such catalytic systems was found for the first time. A tentative scheme explaining the formation of all products was proposed

MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN PROFILE AND ITS ROLE IN PATHOLOGIC PROCESSES

Mitochondria import hundreds of different precursor proteins from the cytosol, and only 13 proteins are encoded by mtDNA itself. Recent investigations demonstrated real size of mitochondrial proteome and complexity of their functions There are many methods using for mitochondrial proteome profiling, that help to understand a molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial functions and identify the causes of disruptions that lead to different disorders. In this review we discuss a recent data in the field of mitochondrial proteomics

Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation

Contains fulltext : 125374.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Edoxaban is a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor with proven antithrombotic effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of edoxaban as compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation is not known. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial comparing two once-daily regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in 21,105 patients with moderate-to-high-risk atrial fibrillation (median follow-up, 2.8 years). The primary efficacy end point was stroke or systemic embolism. Each edoxaban regimen was tested for noninferiority to warfarin during the treatment period. The principal safety end point was major bleeding. RESULTS: The annualized rate of the primary end point during treatment was 1.50% with warfarin (median time in the therapeutic range, 68.4%), as compared with 1.18% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.79; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.99; P<0.001 for noninferiority) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 1.07; 97.5% CI, 0.87 to 1.31; P=0.005 for noninferiority). In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend favoring high-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.87; 97.5% CI, 0.73 to 1.04; P=0.08) and an unfavorable trend with low-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 1.13; 97.5% CI, 0.96 to 1.34; P=0.10). The annualized rate of major bleeding was 3.43% with warfarin versus 2.75% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.91; P<0.001) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.55; P<0.001). The corresponding annualized rates of death from cardiovascular causes were 3.17% versus 2.74% (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; P=0.01), and 2.71% (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96; P=0.008), and the corresponding rates of the key secondary end point (a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, or death from cardiovascular causes) were 4.43% versus 3.85% (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.96; P=0.005), and 4.23% (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05; P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Both once-daily regimens of edoxaban were noninferior to warfarin with respect to the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism and were associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and death from cardiovascular causes. (Funded by Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00781391.)