Researching Malformations in Frogs of the Pelophylax esculentus Complex (Amphibia: Anura) in the Natural Populations of the Trakhtemyriv Peninsula (Ukraine)

As a result of research held during student practicals between 2012 and 2016 and a study of the population of the Pelophylax esculentuscomplex, we have found up to 13.3% of samples from the species Pelophylax ridibundus have abnormalities. Moreover, 6 different variants of limb malformations have been found: phocomelia,rotation, ectrodactyly, mixed patterns (brachydactyly ectrodactyly), polymelia and polyphalangy

Development of formulation and technology for the production of functional drinks using of cranberry fruits

Creation of new products with scientifically substantiated and proven properties that reduce the risk of developing diseases that are directly dependent on nutrition, and improve health due to the presence of various nutrients in their composition is one of the promising areas for improving the health of the population. The soft drinks market today is replete with both domestic and foreign manufacturers. In addition, public catering enterprises have the opportunity to sell their own products, which necessitates the improvement of the quality of drinks and their functional properties. A person consumes soft drinks throughout his life, while they represent the optimal basis for enrichment with biologically active food substances, since they most affect the endoecological rehabilitation of the human body. Natural non-alcoholic drinks based on healthy plant materials are becoming increasingly popular. We have developed soft drink compositions using cranberry, sea buckthorn, Japanese quince (chaenomeles), ginkgo biloba and basil leaves, containing vitamins A, C, E, known for their antioxidant properties. In order to preserve raw materials, shock freezing and dehydration by means of convective drying were used with a sparing temperature heating regime not exceeding 45 ℃, which made it possible to preserve the most vulnerable vitamin C to heat treatment. As a result of experimental studies, recipes and technologies for the production of drinks have been developed, as well as technical and technological maps indicating organoleptic indicators and energy value. Dry matter and acidity, which corresponds to the accepted allowable values have been determined. The values of the chemical composition of drinks have been obtained, allowing to state that, according to the content of the microelement potassium, drinks belong to general health-improving functional drinks, and, according to the content of vitamin C, to antioxidant and immune-supporting functional drinks

Ecological and Geographical Gis-Analysis of Anomalies in Amphibians of Ukraine

GIS modeling of 138 georeferenced point data of anomalies in amphibians in Ukraine (data from both the literature and personal field surveys) revealed a rather poor, but statistically significant correlation of the numbers of anomalies with the anthropogenic impact measured by the Human Footprint (r=0,268, p=0,0025). We consider that in certain cases the abundance of anomalies in amphibians could be used for purposes of bioindication

The Indicative Potential of the Forest-Tundra Landscape Component

In order to expand the possibilities of soil-cover remote monitoring and improve prognostic models of active-layer depth dynamics in connection with global climatic changes, the verification of correspondence between plant and soil components of subarctic landscapes is necessary. This is most relevant for the forest-tundra zone,where the variety and mosaicity of soils and vegetation is great due to its ecotonic position. The purpose of this work was to study the relationship of vegetation with the characteristics of cryogenic soils and the dynamics of the active layer in forest-tundra landscapes. Data were obtained during monitoring studies at key sites in diverse landscapes of forest-tundra in the vicinity of Labytnangi. It was revealed that the thickness of the organogenic horizons, as well as the value of the moss phytomass, determine the active-layer thickness. A close connection with relief and soils allows the use of vegetation as an indicator of the soil texture and the depth of active-layer occurrence and features. Keywords: plant communities, cryogenic soils, active layer, landscape, forest-tundra, Western Siberi

Соntent of the heavy metal in the organism of brown frogs of the city zone of Kiev

Досліджено рівні накопичення та розподілу важких металів (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) в органах та тканинах двох видів жаб (Rana temporaria та R. arvalis) із біотопів, безпосередньо прилеглих до деяких водойм міської зони Києва.Исследованы уровни накопления и распределения тяжелых металлов (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) в органах и тканях двух видов лягушек (Rana temporaria и R. arvalis) из биотопов, непосредственно прилегающих к некоторым водоемов городской зоны Киева.The content and distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr) in organs and tissues of Rana temporaria and R. arvalis from biotopes near some reservoirs in the city zone of Kyiv are studied

Dibenzo[ f,h]furazano[3,4- b]quinoxalines: Synthesis by Intramolecular Cyclization through Direct Transition Metal-Free C-H Functionalization and Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Charge Mobility Characterization

Herein, we describe the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted dibenzo[f,h]furazano[3,4-b]quinoxalines by intramolecular cyclization through direct transition metal-free C-H functionalization. The electrochemical and photophysical properties for several polycycles have been measured. In thin films of the dibenzo[f,h]furazano[3,4-b]quinoxalines, hole mobility is in the order of 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1. The results show that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels are appropriate for using the compounds as hole-transport materials in thin-film devices, in particular, organic and perovskite solar cells. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 18-33-00103-mol_aRussian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-13-00409The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 18-13-00409). Y.A.K would like to acknowledge the financial support for the part of the synthetic section from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (research project no. 18-33-00103-mol_a). The authors are grateful to Grigory A. Kim for carrying out the DFT calculations, which were performed by using “Uran” supercomputer of the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. NMR experiments were carried out by using equipment of the Center for Joint Use “Spectroscopy and Analysis of Organic Compounds” at the Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Assessment of the Macro-and Microelement Composition of Fly Ash from 50-Year-Old Ash Dumps in the Middle Urals (Russia)

The paper considers the macro-and micro-element composition of two ash dumps in the Middle Urals, where meadow and forest communities have been spontaneously forming for 50 years, as well as the effect of the plants on the changing composition of the ash. Higher contents of Cu, Co, Sn, Ga, and Yb were found in the deep ash layers of both dumps, while in the upper 20-cm layer, the trace element composition depended on the influence of different plant communities. Higher contents of Sr, Cr, Ni, Sn, and Co were revealed under meadows, and Ba, Zr, and La were found under the forest. The levels of element accumulation in the aboveground and underground parts of dominant plants were revealed. Increased content of Be, Ce, Ga, La, Sc, Y, and Yb was detected in areas where meadow plants were dominant and Zn and Ba in forest areas. The toxic elements Cd and Pb were highly accumulated in both communities, whereas Co was found only in meadows. The studied materials can serve as a base to assess the feasibility of processing and/or utilizing fly ash from ash dumps in the Middle Urals and similar ash dumps in other regions situated in the southern taiga. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [project number 121031700309-1 in ISSA SB RAS and project number FEUZ-2021-0014 in URFU]

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rebamipide. New possibilities of therapy: A review

The MedLine database contains 570 publications, including 71 randomized clinical trials and 6 meta-analyses on the rebamipide molecule in 2022. Indications for the use of rebamipide are gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis with hyperacidityin the acute stage, erosive gastritis, prevention of damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa while taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Currently trials are studying the efficacy and safety of the drug in gouty and rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, Sjgren's syndrome, bronchial asthma, vitiligo, atherosclerosis, diseases of the kidneys and liver; using in traumatology to accelerate bone regeneration; in ophthalmology to improve the regeneration of corneal epithelium; in oncology to reduce inflammatory changes in the oral mucosa after chemoradiotherapy. The review article is about the main pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of rebamipide. A detailed understanding of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics allows for individual selection of therapy based on the characteristics of the patient's body gender, age, comorbidities; choose the optimal route of administration and dosing regimen; predict adverse effects and drug interactions; be determined with new clinical indications

Features of COVID-19 course in patients with obesity and dysglycemia

Aim. To study the features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with different severity of carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMDs), taking into account the possible role of obesity in the acceleration of clinical and laboratory disorders.Material and methods. There were 137 consecutive patients admitted to the infectious disease hospital for COVID-19patients. Three 3 groups were formed: group 1 — 42 patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes (T2D); group 2 — 13 patients with concomitant prediabetes; group 3 — 82 patients without concomitant CMDs.Results. Patients with T2D tended to have a more severe disease course according to the SMRT-CO algorithm (p=0,089), which was associated with the longest hospital stay (p=0,038), the most pronounced (p=0,011) and prolonged (p=0,0001) decrease in oxygen saturation, the maximum percentage of lung injury at the beginning (p=0,094) and at the end (p=0,007) of hospitalization, the greater need for intensive care unit (p=0,050), as well as the highest increase in C-reactive protein and fibrinogen (hypercoagulability and systemic inflammation were noted in all groups). Patients with prediabetes in terms of COVID-19 severity occupied an intermediate position between those with T2D and without CMDs; at the same time, they most often needed the prescription of biological preparations (p=0,001). In the first and second groups, there were larger, compared with the control, proportions of obese people (61,9%, 53,8% and 30,5%, respectively, p=0,003). Prediabetes group had a strong correlation between the severity of viral pneumonitis according to SMRT-CO and the presence of obesity (R=0,69, p=0,009).Conclusion. In patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism of any severity, COVID-19 is more severe. At the same time, persons with overt T2D are prone to the most severe COVID-19 course, while patients with prediabetes in terms of disease severity occupy an intermediate position between them and those without CMDs. Obesity is a strong risk factor for severe COVID-19 among patients with initial CMDs (prediabetes), which is partly mediated by prior liver dysfunction associated with the metabolic syndrome. The increase in proinflammatory changes and hypercoagulability is associated with COVID-19 severity in patients with and without CMDs. These disorders had the greatest severity and persistence in patients with T2D