Multilevel structure of state budgetary security provision

The financial basis for sustainable social and economic development of the state is largely determined by the state of its budgetary system, which actualizes research in the area of state budgetary security. Of particular interest, in our opinion, is the consideration of the budgetary security of the country as a system. Based on the structure of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, we proposed a multi-level structure for ensuring budgetary security of the state. The system of budgetary security of the state includes three levels: macrolevel, meso level and microlevel. At each level, the system of budgetary security is formed by the following major subsystems: regulatory and legal support and regulation of budgetary security; the subject of budgetary security management; object of budgetary security management; Assessment of the state and results of budget security. The system of budgetary security is open and carries out constant interaction with the external environment. The transformation of the parameters of the budgetary security system is influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors that form threats to the budget security of the state. Foreign economic and foreign policy conjures up exogenous factors. These factors form threats aimed at undermining the state's financial system and its sustainability. Different spheres of life of the society of the state generate endogenous factors, which are internal problems. Thus, in the current conditions of management, it is important to recognize the importance of creating effective mechanisms for ensuring budgetary security of the state, which will strengthen the financial basis for sustainable social and economic development and improve the budget provision of citizens

Assessment of investment attractiveness of Voronezh region

The economic security of a state, its subject, and also a single organization is largely determined on the basis of the assessment of individual components of economic security. They are financial, intellectual and personnel, technical and technological, political and legal, environmental, informational, power components. A special place among the elements of the economic security of the region belongs to the investment factor, the magnitude of which is influenced by many factors from various fields of activity. The level of influence of factors on the investment potential of the Voronezh region is considered in the presented work. The article reflects possible methods for assessing investment attractiveness, among which the rating method and the method for evaluating individual statistical indicators are highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are considered. In conducting the study, the authors used the analysis of statistical indicators, which allow assessing both the investment potential of the region and the investment risks that inevitably arise during the implementation of projects. As a result, industrial, labor, consumer, infrastructural, financial, institutional, innovation and resource potential of the Voronezh region, as well as economic, social, criminal and environmental risks were analyzed. For all the studied indicators, growth rates were calculated, indicating an increase or decrease in the investment attractiveness of the region over time. According to the results of the work done, it was noted that, despite the instability in changing some of the factors studied, the Voronezh Region occupies a worthy place in the Central Federal District (CFD) in terms of investment attractiveness and is the leader in terms of financial investments in the economy

Lidar-Radiometer Inversion Code (LIRIC) for the Retrieval of Vertical Aerosol Properties from Combined Lidar Radiometer Data: Development and Distribution in EARLINET

This paper presents a detailed description of LIRIC (LIdar-Radiometer Inversion Code)algorithm for simultaneous processing of coincident lidar and radiometric (sun photometric) observations for the retrieval of the aerosol concentration vertical profiles. As the lidar radiometric input data we use measurements from European Aerosol Re-search Lidar Network (EARLINET) lidars and collocated sun-photometers of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The LIRIC data processing provides sequential inversion of the combined lidar and radiometric data by the estimations of column-integrated aerosol parameters from radiometric measurements followed by the retrieval of height-dependent concentrations of fine and coarse aerosols from lidar signals using integrated column characteristics of aerosol layer as a priori constraints. The use of polarized lidar observations allows us to discriminate between spherical and non-spherical particles of the coarse aerosol mode. The LIRIC software package was implemented and tested at a number of EARLINET stations. Inter-comparison of the LIRIC-based aerosol retrievals was performed for the observations by seven EARLNET lidars in Leipzig, Germany on 25 May 2009. We found close agreement between the aerosol parameters derived from different lidars that supports high robustness of the LIRIC algorithm. The sensitivity of the retrieval results to the possible reduction of the available observation data is also discussed