86 research outputs found
On the generation of multipartite entangled states in Josephson architectures
We propose and analyze a scheme for the generation of multipartite entangled
states in a system of inductively coupled Josephson flux qubits. The qubits
have fixed eigenfrequencies during the whole process in order to minimize
decoherence effects and their inductive coupling can be turned on and off at
will by tuning an external control flux. Within this framework, we will show
that a W state in a system of three or more qubits can be generated by
exploiting the sequential one by one coupling of the qubits with one of them
playing the role of an entanglement mediator.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Free energy density for mean field perturbation of states of a one-dimensional spin chain
Motivated by recent developments on large deviations in states of the spin
chain, we reconsider the work of Petz, Raggio and Verbeure in 1989 on the
variational expression of free energy density in the presence of a mean field
type perturbation. We extend their results from the product state case to the
Gibbs state case in the setting of translation-invariant interactions of finite
range. In the special case of a locally faithful quantum Markov state, we
clarify the relation between two different kinds of free energy densities (or
pressure functions).Comment: 29 pages, Section 5 added, to appear in Rev. Math. Phy
How to detect a possible correlation from the information of a sub-system in quantum mechanical systems
A possibility to detect correlations between two quantum mechanical systems
only from the information of a subsystem is investigated. For generic cases, we
prove that there exist correlations between two quantum systems if the
time-derivative of the reduced purity is not zero. Therefore, an
experimentalist can conclude non-zero correlations between his/her system and
some environment if he/she finds the time-derivative of the reduced purity is
not zero. A quantitative estimation of a time-derivative of the reduced purity
with respect to correlations is also given. This clarifies the role of
correlations in the mechanism of decoherence in open quantum systems.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Anti-prion activity of an RNA aptamer and its structural basis.
Prion proteins (PrPs) cause prion diseases, such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy. The conversion of a normal cellular form (PrP(C)) of PrP into an abnormal form (PrP(Sc)) is thought to be associated with the pathogenesis. An RNA aptamer that tightly binds to and stabilizes PrP(C) is expected to block this conversion and to thereby prevent prion diseases. Here, we show that an RNA aptamer comprising only 12 residues, r(GGAGGAGGAGGA) (R12), reduces the PrP(Sc) level in mouse neuronal cells persistently infected with the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agent. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that R12, folded into a unique quadruplex structure, forms a dimer and that each monomer simultaneously binds to two portions of the N-terminal half of PrP(C), resulting in tight binding. Electrostatic and stacking interactions contribute to the affinity of each portion. Our results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of an RNA aptamer as to prion diseases
Characteristics of urinary and serum soluble Klotho protein in patients with different degrees of chronic kidney disease
Machi: Neighborhood and Small TownâThe Foundation for Urban Transformation in Japan
The term machi, signifying both neighborhood and small town, is a key element for understanding Japanese urban form and city planning. After tracing the origins of the term, this article explores the historic and contemporary significance of the concept and its particular spatial and socioeconomic forms. The article then argues that the concept of machi influenced the ways in which Japanese planners picked up foreign concepts through the nineteenth and particularly the twentieth century, absorbing some ideas and rejecting others. Building on their perception of the city as composed of urban units that allowed for planning in patchwork patterns, leading Japanese planners carefully selected modelsâindependently of international appreciationâmaking, for example, the book The New Town by the German planner Gottfried Feder a standard reference. The article concludes by arguing that foreign observers must understand the concept of machi to comprehend contemporary Japanese neighborhoods, city life, and urban forms
The transcriptional landscape of Shh medulloblastoma
Š The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articleâs Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the articleâs Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma encompasses a clinically and molecularly diverse group of cancers of the developing central nervous system. Here, we use unbiased sequencing of the transcriptome across a large cohort of 250 tumors to reveal differences among molecular subtypes of the disease, and demonstrate the previously unappreciated importance of non-coding RNA transcripts. We identify alterations within the cAMP dependent pathway (GNAS, PRKAR1A) which converge on GLI2 activity and show that 18% of tumors have a genetic event that directly targets the abundance and/or stability of MYCN. Furthermore, we discover an extensive network of fusions in focally amplified regions encompassing GLI2, and several loss-of-function fusions in tumor suppressor genes PTCH1, SUFU and NCOR1. Molecular convergence on a subset of genes by nucleotide variants, copy number aberrations, and gene fusions highlight the key roles of specific pathways in the pathogenesis of Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma and open up opportunities for therapeutic intervention.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Effects of amino acid solution on changes in intraoperative body temperature of patients undergoing surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm
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