Kualitas Papan Komposit dari Sabut Kelapa dan Limbah Plastik Berlapis Bambu dengan Variasi Kerapatan dan Lama Perendaman Naoh

The aim of this research is to investigate the varios of NaOH immersion treatments and the density of optimal and the best composite board mechanic and physical. Factor of research were the varios of NaOH immersion treatments (control, 2 hour, 4 hour, 6 hour) and varios density ( 0,6 gr/cm3 and 0,7 gr/cm3). The composite board were mixed manually with weight both of polyprophylenes plastic and coir fibres to all of composite board comparison 50 : 50 after were reduced weight of bamboo slats. The composite boards were made with dimension 30 cm 30 cm x 1 cm, where the bamboos were made become face and back of board then both plastic and coir fibres were core board. The recycle polyprophylenes plastic distributed were devided by three parts, those were face layer 15 %, core layer 70 %, and back layer 15 % of plastics weight. The pressure was done with hot press temperature 180 oC for 20 minute with pessure ± 25 kg/cm². Results of research have showed that physical and mechanical properties oof composite board were increased with the addition of density composite board and reduced of NaOH immersion treatments. Composite board without NaOHs immersion with density 0,7 gr/cm3 is the best and optimum result of composite board. Key words : composite board, coconut fiber, recycled polyprophylene, bamboo layer

Thermodynamics of two lattice ice models in three dimensions

In a recent paper we introduced two Potts-like models in three dimensions, which share the following properties: (A) One of the ice rules is always fulfilled (in particular also at infinite temperature). (B) Both ice rules hold for groundstate configurations. This allowed for an efficient calculation of the residual entropy of ice I (ordinary ice) by means of multicanonical simulations. Here we present the thermodynamics of these models. Despite their similarities with Potts models, no sign of a disorder-order phase transition is found.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure

ACIDE FOLIQUE (VITAMINE B9) ET GROSSESSE

Folic acid or vitamin B9 is a micronutrient important for the human body. The aim of this development is to clarify roles and the interests of pregnancy supplementation in this nutrient. Folic acid is involved in the production of cells in the body. The abnormal closure of neural tube are serious malformations witch occur more often in children of women with epilepsy treated with anti-epileptic drugs during their pregnancy. The requirement of folic acid (AF) was proposed in prevention because of the probable responsibility of a lack of this nutriment. Folate deficiency can result from inadequate food intake, increased needs during pregnancy or in women with epilepsy, taking anti-epileptic Supplementation pregnancy is necessary in case of non-contribution or disorder absorption or metabolism.L'acide folique ou vitamine B9 est un micronutriment important pour l'organisme. Le but de cette mise au point est de préciser ses rôles ainsi que l'intérêt d'une supplémentation gravidique en ce nutriment. L'acide folique intervient dans la production des cellules de l'organisme.Les anomalies de fermeture du tube neural sont des malformations graves qui se rencontrent plus souvent chez les enfants issus de femmes épileptiques traitées par anti-épileptiques pendant leur grossesse. La prescription d'acide folique (AF) est proposée en prévention en raison de la responsabilité probable d'une carence en ce nutriment. Les carences en folates peuvent résulter d'une insuffisance d'apport alimentaire, d'une augmentation des besoins pendant la grossesse, ou chez la femme épileptique, de la prise de médicaments anti-épileptiquesLa supplémentation gravidique est nécessaire en cas de défaut d'apport ou trouble de son absorption ou de son métabolisme

Supercooled-liquid and plastic-crystalline state in succinonitrile-glutaronitrile mixtures

We report a thorough characterization of the glassy phases of mixtures of succinonitrile and glutaronitrile via dielectric spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. This system is revealed to be one of the rare examples where both glassy states of matter, a structurally disordered supercooled liquid and an orientationally disordered plastic crystal, can be prepared in the same material. Both disordered states can be easily supercooled, finally arriving at a structural-glass or a glassy-crystal state. Detailed investigations using broadband dielectric spectroscopy enable a comparison of the glassy dynamics in both phases. Just as previously demonstrated for supercooled-liquid and plastic-crystalline ethanol, our experiments reveal very similar relaxational behavior and glass temperatures of both disordered states. Thus the prominent role of orientational degrees of freedom in the glass transition, suggested on the basis of the findings for ethanol, is fully corroborated by the present work. Moreover, the fragilities of both phases are determined and compared for different mixtures. The findings can be well understood within an energy-landscape based explanation of fragility.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Application of the method of ultrasound imaging in the removal of foreign bodies in gunshot wounds.

Data on the possibility of using ultrasound diagnostics when removing foreign bodies - bullets and fragments from body tissues during primary or repeated surgical treatment are rather limited. The aim of the research – improving the results of treatment of victims with gunshot fragmentation and bullet wounds by using a complex of ultrasound and X-ray navigation in the process of removing injurious elements during primary and repeated surgical treatment. The study included 214 wounded. In group I, the main group (122 wounded), the removal of fragments was carried out using a complex of X-ray and ultrasound navigation. In group II, the control group (92 wounded), only X-ray navigation was used. In group I during primary surgical treatment, foreign objects were removed in 101 (82.8%) of 122 injured and during secondary – in 17 (13.9%). In group 4 (3.3%) patients, the fragments were not visualized: in 1 - in the lateral region of the neck, in 1 - in the muscles of the leg, in 2 - in the chest wall. Complications were not observed. In group II, during primary surgical treatment, foreign objects were removed in 59 (64.1%), and in the secondary – in 18 (19.6%). The reasons for the failures were: deep lieying of fragments - in 6 (6.5%), location near large vessels - in 5 (5.4%), non-X-ray contrast foreign bodies - in 4 (4.3%). Among the complications, bleeding was observed in 2 wounded. The use of ultrasound navigation allows by 18.7% to increase the frequency of detection and removal of foreign bodies - bullets and fragments during the primary surgical treatment of a wound and to reduce the need for repeated interventions by 5.7%. The advantages of the method are: mobility, high information content in structural damages to soft tissues and verification of foreign bodies, the possibility of performing real-time, the absence of exposure to radiation

Application of the method of ultrasound imaging in the removal of foreign bodies in gunshot wounds.

Data on the possibility of using ultrasound diagnostics when removing foreign bodies - bullets and fragments from body tissues during primary or repeated surgical treatment are rather limited. The aim of the research – improving the results of treatment of victims with gunshot fragmentation and bullet wounds by using a complex of ultrasound and X-ray navigation in the process of removing injurious elements during primary and repeated surgical treatment. The study included 214 wounded. In group I, the main group (122 wounded), the removal of fragments was carried out using a complex of X-ray and ultrasound navigation. In group II, the control group (92 wounded), only X-ray navigation was used. In group I during primary surgical treatment, foreign objects were removed in 101 (82.8%) of 122 injured and during secondary – in 17 (13.9%). In group 4 (3.3%) patients, the fragments were not visualized: in 1 - in the lateral region of the neck, in 1 - in the muscles of the leg, in 2 - in the chest wall. Complications were not observed. In group II, during primary surgical treatment, foreign objects were removed in 59 (64.1%), and in the secondary – in 18 (19.6%). The reasons for the failures were: deep lieying of fragments - in 6 (6.5%), location near large vessels - in 5 (5.4%), non-X-ray contrast foreign bodies - in 4 (4.3%). Among the complications, bleeding was observed in 2 wounded. The use of ultrasound navigation allows by 18.7% to increase the frequency of detection and removal of foreign bodies - bullets and fragments during the primary surgical treatment of a wound and to reduce the need for repeated interventions by 5.7%. The advantages of the method are: mobility, high information content in structural damages to soft tissues and verification of foreign bodies, the possibility of performing real-time, the absence of exposure to radiation

The use of low-invasive surgical procedures in the treatment of gunshot wounds of the liver.

The problem of diagnostics and stage surgical treatment of a combat trauma of the abdomen with liver damage is actual in conditions of increasing specific gravity of liver damage, accompanied by its severe functional insufficiency. The aim of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of gunshot wounds of the liver using minimally invasive surgical techniques. The analysis of surgical treatment of 23 men aged 19 to 49 years with gunshot liver damage at II-IV levels of medical care was carried out. Shock of I st. was observed in 5 (21.7%), II st. - in 8 (34,8%), III st. - 9 wounded (39.2%), IV st. - 1 woun­ded (4.3%), admitted in an agonizing condition. At the second level of medical care, 12 wounded underwent lapa­roscopic operations (52.1%). 11 wounded underwewnt laparotomy (47.9%) with the use of mechanical, physical and chemical methods of bleeding stopping. In 17 wounded (73.9%), concomitant lesions of other organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space (stomach, small and large intestine, kidneys, spleen) were observed. Correction of concomitant damages was carried out according to generally accepted methods. At the IV level of medical care, three wounded (12.9%) underwent puncture and drainage of intrahepatic abscesses using ultrasound navigation. Ultrasound examination allowed to determine the degree of liver damage, localization of a foreign body and safe access to its removal. In the structure of gunshot wounds of the abdomen, liver damage makes up 19.2% and the most often is observed in combined shrapnel wounds. In 30.4% of cases of gunshot liver damages, the condition of the wounded is regarded as severe and critical, which requires immediate surgical and resuscitative measures. The use of minimally invasive techniques (video laparoscopy, interventional sonography) in the surgical treatment of gunshot liver injuries can improve results and avoid unreasonable laparotomies

The features of surgical treatment of ventral hernias after gunshot wounds of the addomen.

The results of treatment of 21 patients with postoperative ventral hernias, formed as a result of surgical treatment for gunshot wounds of the abdomen were analyzed. All patients are men aged 21-48 years. 3 patients underwent laparoscopic allohernioplasty according to the IPOM method with Teflon allograft, 10 patients underwent allohernioplasty with a prolenic mesh graft by the sub lay method, 7 patients underwent alloplasty using the on lay method and 1 – autoplastywith local tissues. Suppuration of wounds was not noted. The average bed-day after laparoscopic hernioplasty was 9.5 days, after open operations - 16.2 days. The advantage of laparoscopic hernioplasty over open operations was noted

The use of low-invasive surgical procedures in the treatment of gunshot wounds of the liver.

The problem of diagnostics and stage surgical treatment of a combat trauma of the abdomen with liver damage is actual in conditions of increasing specific gravity of liver damage, accompanied by its severe functional insufficiency. The aim of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of gunshot wounds of the liver using minimally invasive surgical techniques. The analysis of surgical treatment of 23 men aged 19 to 49 years with gunshot liver damage at II-IV levels of medical care was carried out. Shock of I st. was observed in 5 (21.7%), II st. - in 8 (34,8%), III st. - 9 wounded (39.2%), IV st. - 1 woun­ded (4.3%), admitted in an agonizing condition. At the second level of medical care, 12 wounded underwent lapa­roscopic operations (52.1%). 11 wounded underwewnt laparotomy (47.9%) with the use of mechanical, physical and chemical methods of bleeding stopping. In 17 wounded (73.9%), concomitant lesions of other organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space (stomach, small and large intestine, kidneys, spleen) were observed. Correction of concomitant damages was carried out according to generally accepted methods. At the IV level of medical care, three wounded (12.9%) underwent puncture and drainage of intrahepatic abscesses using ultrasound navigation. Ultrasound examination allowed to determine the degree of liver damage, localization of a foreign body and safe access to its removal. In the structure of gunshot wounds of the abdomen, liver damage makes up 19.2% and the most often is observed in combined shrapnel wounds. In 30.4% of cases of gunshot liver damages, the condition of the wounded is regarded as severe and critical, which requires immediate surgical and resuscitative measures. The use of minimally invasive techniques (video laparoscopy, interventional sonography) in the surgical treatment of gunshot liver injuries can improve results and avoid unreasonable laparotomies