Access to diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease/infection in endemic and non-endemic countries in the XXI century.

In this article, Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF) Spain faces the challenge of selecting, piecing together, and conveying in the clearest possible way, the main lessons learnt over the course of the last seven years in the world of medical care for Chagas disease. More than two thousand children under the age of 14 have been treated; the majority of whom come from rural Latin American areas with difficult access. It is based on these lessons learnt, through mistakes and successes, that MSF advocates that medical care for patients with Chagas disease be a reality, in a manner which is inclusive (not exclusive), integrated (with medical, psychological, social, and educational components), and in which the patient is actively followed. This must be a multi-disease approach with permanent quality controls in place based on primary health care (PHC). Rapid diagnostic tests and new medications should be available, as well as therapeutic plans and patient management (including side effects) with standardised flows for medical care for patients within PHC in relation to secondary and tertiary level, inclusive of epidemiological surveillance systems

Dry anaerobic digestion of organic waste: A review of operational parameters and their impact on process performance.

open access articleDry digestion is a suitable technology for treating organic wastes with varying composition such as the organic fraction of municipal solids waste. Yet, there is a need for further research to overcome some of the disadvantages associated with the high total solids content of the process. Optimisation of inoculum to substrate ratio, feedstock composition and size, liquid recirculation, bed compaction and use of bulking agents are some of the parameters that need further investigation in batch dry anaerobic digestion, to limit localised inhibition effects and avoid process instability. In addition, further attention on the relation between feedstock composition, organic loading rate and mixing regimes is required for continuous dry anaerobic digestion systems. This paper highlights all the areas where knowledge is scarce and value can be added to increase dry anaerobic digestion performance and expansion

At the Crossroads of Company and Insolvency Law

Company Law, Insolvency Law, Restructuring DirectiveThe article discusses one of the most fundamental aspects of corporate law, namely the interse­ction between company law and insolvency law, with specific regard to the recent EU Directive on Preventive Restructuring (EU 2019/1023, the ‘Restructuring Directive’ or ‘Directive’)2. It notes the forthcoming implementation of the Directive in the EU Member States. The key options for implementation of the Directive available to European legislators are introduced, including an option based on company law which, according to the recent LL.D.­dissertation of the co­author, would provide more tools for restructurings than are available under the frame works based on insolvency law. This would create efficient mechanisms in particular for the preventive restructu­ring of solvent companies, but also for the completion of a friendly takeover of a publicly­listed company through a scheme of arrangement under company law. The scheme of arrangement mechanism has also been included in the recently published European Model Company Act.Non peer reviewe

Space photomap of the Subre - Bolivia region

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Planck LFI flight model feed horns

this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst The Low Frequency Instrument is optically interfaced with the ESA Planck telescope through 11 corrugated feed horns each connected to the Radiometer Chain Assembly (RCA). This paper describes the design, the manufacturing and the testing of the flight model feed horns. They have been designed to optimize the LFI optical interfaces taking into account the tight mechanical requirements imposed by the Planck focal plane layout. All the eleven units have been successfully tested and integrated with the Ortho Mode transducers.Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T1200

Distribution :ll1d ch:lr:lcteriz:ltion of free :lnd refractory gold in the quartz-arsenopyrite veins of the Penedela, Fornaza and Rio de Porcos mines (Limit between Lugo and Asturias)

[Resumen] En las mineralizaciones auélferas filonianas de la zona de Ibias (límite entre Lugo y Asturias), se pone de manifiesto la existencia de oro libre y refractario. En el primer caso el oro aparece en forma de electrum (66 O/o Au y 32 O/o Ag) rellenando, junto con cuarzo, microfisuras que cortan a los cristales de pirita'y a~enopiritao El oro refractario se ha detectado en la red de estos dos sulfuros, que presentan valores medi<2s de 456 gr/t Au las arsenop~ritas y 386 gr/t Au las piritas. Los resultados del test metalúrgico reflejan una recuperación del 68,3 O/o del oro contenido, lo que es coherente con la presencia de oro libre y refractario, tal y como se ha visto en el estudio mineralógico y químico de estas mineralizaciones.[Abstract] The gold veins of the Ibias zone (limit between the provinces of Lugo and Asturias) , contain free and refractory gold. Free gold appears as electrum (66 O/o Au and 32 O/o Ag) along with quartz filling microfractures in pyrite and arsenopyrite. The refractory gold is present in the crystallattice of the sulphides, with contents of 456 gr / t Au in arsenopyrite and 386 gr / t Au in pyrite. The metalurgical results show a 68,3 O/o of gold recovery, in correlation with the chemical and mineralogical study

Revisiting five decades of Th-234 data: a comprehensive global oceanic compilation

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Ceballos-Romero, E., Buesseler, K. O., & Villa-Alfageme, M. Revisiting five decades of Th-234 data: a comprehensive global oceanic compilation. Earth System Science Data, 14(6), (2022): 2639–2679, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2639-2022.We present here a global oceanic compilation of 234Th measurements that collects results from researchers and laboratories over a period exceeding 50 years. The origin of the 234Th sampling in the ocean goes back to 1967, when Bhat et al. (1969) initially studied 234Th distribution relative to its parent 238U in the Indian Ocean. However, it was the seminal work of Buesseler et al. (1992) – which proposed an empirical method to estimate export fluxes from 234Th distributions – that drove the extensive use of the 234Th–238U radioactive pair to evaluate the organic carbon export out of the surface ocean by means of the biological carbon pump. Since then, a large number of 234Th depth profiles have been collected using a variety of sampling instruments and strategies that have changed during the past 50 years. The present compilation is made of a total 223 data sets: 214 from studies published in either articles in refereed journals, PhD theses, or repositories, as well as 9 unpublished data sets. The data were compiled from over 5000 locations spanning all the oceans for total 234Th profiles, dissolved and particulate 234Th activity concentrations (in dpm L−1), and POC:234Th ratios (in µmol dpm−1) from both sediment traps and filtration methods. A total of 379 oceanographic expeditions and more than 56 600 234Th data points have been gathered in a single open-access, long-term, and dynamic repository. This paper introduces the dataset along with informative and descriptive graphics. Appropriate metadata have been compiled, including geographic location, date, and sample depth, among others. When available, we also include water temperature, salinity, 238U data (over 18 200 data points), and particulate organic nitrogen data. Data source and method information (including 238U and 234Th) is also detailed along with valuable information for future data analysis such as bloom stage and steady-/non-steady-state conditions at the sampling moment. The data are archived on the PANGAEA repository, with the dataset DOI https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918125 (Ceballos-Romero et al., 2021). This provides a valuable resource to better understand and quantify how the contemporary oceanic carbon uptake functions and how it will change in future.This work was partially funded by the V Research Programme from the Universidad de Sevilla (Elena Ceballos-Romero) and EU FEDER-Junta de Andalucía funded project US-1263369 (María Villa-Alfageme). Ken O. Buesseler was supported in part by NSF under GEOTRACES, NASA as part of the EXPORTS program, and WHOI as part of the Ocean Twilight Zone project. María Villa-Alfageme and Ken O. Buesseler are also part of an IAEA Coordinated Research Project “Behaviour and effects of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the marine environment and their use as tracers for oceanographic studies

WIDER Working Paper No. 2013/009 Evaluating antipoverty transfer programmes in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa Better policies? Better politics?

The paper provides a comparative analysis of the incidence of evaluation methods in antipoverty transfer programmes in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. The paper identifies two broad explanations for the incidence of evaluation in antipoverty transfer programmes in developing countries, one emphasizing the advantages of a shift towards evidence-based development policy, and a second explanation emphasizing political factors. The paper assesses their relevance in the context of Latin American and sub-Saharan African countries with a view to throwing light on whether the evaluation of antipoverty transfer programmes will lead to an improved effectiveness of the relevant government agencies