Mikro- ja nanostruktuursed pinnad uudsel faasieraldusel põhineval sool-geel-meetodil

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4619451*es

Õhuniiskuse mõju sool-geel-faasieralduse meetodiga valmistatud pinnete morfoloogiale

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4611151*es

Teaching Girls Online Skills: Results of the Wikid Grrls Intervention

In 2013-2016 we designed and implemented Wikid Grrls, a 10-week after-school workshop series to teach online skills to middle school girls in U.S. schools. We interviewed and surveyed 80 participants before and after the workshops. Girls’ online skills and confidence in them increased measurably for the duration of the workshop series. Participants expressed great interest in learning more, but media literacy programs at their schools regarding online skills were lacking. Using feminist theories and the reader-to-leader framework, we argue that such media literacy interventions bring immediate learning rewards for participants. Yet, we conclude that to narrow gender gaps in digital knowledge creation and sharing, media literacy classes that include online skills should become regular features in U.S. school curricula instead of being offered merely in voluntary programs. Future research should assess long-term benefits of media literacy interventions to teach online skills longitudinally to see if and how such initiatives figure into later school and career decisions

Penerapan Hidden Markov Model dalam Memprediksi Perubahan Harga Crude Oil (Petroleum)

Hidden Markov Model (HMM) adalah perkembangan dari rantai Markov dimana statenya tidak dapat diamati secara langsung (tersembunyi), tetapi hanya dapat diobservasi melalui suatu himpunan pengamatan lain. Harga Crude Oil (Petroleum) dibagi menjadi empat keadaan yaitu banyak penurunan, sedikit penurunan, sedikit kenaikan dan banyak kenaikan yang masing-masing disimbolkan dengan S1,S2,S3 dan S4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menghitung peluang barisan observasitiga bulan ke depan dengan algoritma Forward dan Backward. Sedangkan untuk menentukan barisan state tersembunyi terbaik (optimal) dengan menggunakan algoritma Viterbi. Tahap terakhir yang dilakukan adalah memprediksi peluang perubahan harga Crude Oil (Petroleum) dengan menggunakan Algoritma Baum Welch dalam Hidden Markov Model. Penelitian ini menggunakan data harga Crude Oil (Petroleum) pada sepuluh tahun terakhir dengan periode satu bulan, yaitu pada bulan Maret 2009 sampai dengan Maret 2019. Dari hasil prediksi peluang perubahan harga Crude Oil (Petroleum) yang paling tinggi untuk periode satu bulan kedepan yaitu keadaan mengalami banyak kenaikan dari keadaan satu bulan sebelumnya yaitu mengalami banyak kenaikan. Pada algoritma Viterbi, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa barisan state tersembunyi terbaik (optimal) untuk tiga bulan kedepan yaitu X∗ = {S4,S4,S4}yaitu pada bulan April 2019, Mei 2019 dan Juni 2019 mengalami banyak kenaikan. Kata Kunci : Hidden Markov Model, Crude Oil (Petroleum

Can photojournalism enhance public engagement with climate change?

News photographs have the potential to influence public engagement, affecting awareness and attitude, and leading the public not only to be better informed but more emotionally engaged with important issues relating to the common good. News photographs are particularly well suited to communicating about international issues across borders, since they rely on an understanding that may be culturally bound, but does not require discursive interpetation. Alongside war, terrorism, and poverty, climate change is an issue of undeniable scope and import at this threshold “last chance” moment to avoid catastrophic warming – commonly thought of as 2 degrees above historical average temperature. This dissertation asks how photojournalism frames climate change and what potential news images hold for engaging the public with climate change. The mixed methods approach adopted throughout the thesis allows for a multifaceted view of the visual framing of climate change. After discussing the current state of research in this burgeoning and highly active field, I investigated a particularly pervasive visual frame, called here “the apocalyptic sublime.” This frame is described in detail, a set of criteria to identify it is provided, and occurrences of it on front pages of national newspapers are discussed. In the second research component, I conducted a series of 14 interviews with Californian and national photo editors yielding insight into the decision-making process that results in the existing visual framing of climate change in newspaper photography as predominantly aesthetics-driven and focusing mainly on the adverse impacts of climate change, rather than the root causes or the possible solutions. Third, I carried out a content analysis of 500 social media shared images of climate change in California, showing that climate change is deeply embedded in people’s everyday lives, and that mitigation behaviors are inextricable from self-promotion. Finally, an experimental study of the effect of certain attributes of climate change news photos was conducted online, with 161 participants. Post-test survey results were partly inconclusive and partly unexpected, calling for more detailed future research into image effects, especially the effects of an “apocalyptic sublime” frame. The work aims both to decipher the challenges and pitfalls of photographic communication about climate change and to provide a resource for media practitioners who wish to make the most judicious, informed, and context-conscious choices in their use of climate news images. Beyond this particular pressing issue, applications can be found in broader visual communication about issues of public importance

FOORUM: Milline on Eesti ajalooteaduse tulevik?

Kui teemanumbri seitse artiklit võtsid tagasivaatavalt vaagida Eesti ajalooteaduse arengusuundi vii­ masel kahel kümnendil, siis siinse foorumi seitse lühiesseed heidavad vastukaaluks pilgu ettepoole, arutledes Eesti ajalooteaduse võimalike suundumuste üle järgmisel kahel aastakümnel. Ettepanek foo­ rumisse panustada sai tehtud teadlikult vaid nendele eri põlvkondade Eesti ajaloolastele – doktorandist emeriitprofessoriteni –, kes on mõnda aega tegutsenud või tegutsevad praegu välismaa ülikoolides. Selle valiku taga on lihtne soov pakkuda avaramat vaadet, n­ö kõrvalt pilku, mida teises ühiskonnas töötamine eelduspäraselt pakub. Ühtlasi võib valikut käsitada tunnismärgina sellest, et uuel sajandil on üha enam Eesti ajaloolasi leidnud rakendust nimekates ülikoolides üle ilma. Tänan siinkohal toi­ metuse nimel kõiki, kes leidsid võimaluse ettepanek vastu võtta. Mõtteliselt võib siinse foorumi siduda kahekümne aasta taguse katsetusega ajakirjas Vikerkaar, kus palusin kümmekonnal Eesti ajaloolasel arutleda lühiessee vormis küsimuse üle „Kuidas kirjutada Eesti ajalugu“.1 Jääb vaid loota, et hiljemalt 2040. aastal saab see mõtteline traditsioon uue järje

Fibroblast growth on micro- and nanopatterned surfaces prepared by a novel sol–gel phase separation method

Physical characteristics of the growth substrate including nano- and microstructure play crucial role in determining the behaviour of the cells in a given biological context. To test the effect of varying the supporting surface structure on cell growth we applied a novel sol–gel phase separation-based method to prepare micro- and nanopatterned surfaces with round surface structure features. Variation in the size of structural elements was achieved by solvent variation and adjustment of sol concentration. Growth characteristics and morphology of primary human dermal fibroblasts were found to be significantly modulated by the microstructure of the substrate. The increase in the size of the structural elements, lead to increased inhibition of cell growth, altered morphology (increased cytoplasmic volume), enlarged cell shape, decrease in the number of filopodia) and enhancement of cell senescence. These effects are likely mediated by the decreased contact between the cell membrane and the growth substrate. However, in the case of large surface structural elements other factors like changes in the 3D topology of the cell’s cytoplasm might also play a role