131 research outputs found

    Correlation between leptin level with lipid profile and free fatty acid in liver cirrhosis patients

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    Malnutrition is a common condition in liver cirrhotic patients. Leptin regulates body weightphysiologically by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure. Leptin is higher in femalethan male. Studies have shown correlation between leptin with metabolic factors like body massindex (BMI) and lipid profile in cirrhotic patients. This study was conducted to investigate thecorrelation between serum leptin levels with lipid profile and free fatty acid in male patients with livercirrhosis. This was a cross sectional study that conducted at Gastroentero-Hepatology Clinic andInternal Ward at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria were patients withliver cirrhosis > 18 years old, male, with Child-Pugh classification B and C, and provided informedconsent. The exclusion criteria were liver cirrhotic patients with comorbidity chronic kidney disease,chronic heart failure, diabetic, cancer, infection/septic, pregnancy, breast feeding, and steroid use.Data collecting was performed by anamnesis, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonographyexamination, and blood chemistry test. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation betweenthe serum leptin level with the lipid profile and free fatty acid. The results showed that no significantnegative correlation was observed between the serum leptin level with the total cholesterol (r= -0.052; p=0.766), high-density lipoprotein/HDL (r= -0.078; p=0.658) and triglyceride (r= -0.170; p=0.328) in male patients with liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, no significant positive correlationwas observed between the serum leptin levels with the low-density lipoprotein/LDL (r= -0.013; p=0.942) and free fatty acid/FFA (r= 0.007; p=0.968). In conclusion, there was no correlationbetween serum leptin levels with lipid profile and FFA in male patients with liver cirrhosis

    Dialect Geography of Shallots Agriculture’s Language Variation in Brebes Regency

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    The purpose of this study was to find out whether there was the significant relationship between digital media literacy and students' perception of hoax. This research uses descriptive correlation methods with surveys as data collection. Respondents in this study were students of diploma, undergraduate, and graduate from 18 study programs at the Faculty of Letters, Universitas Negeri Malang. This study uses surveys conducted online using the Google Form website. The data were then analyzed by using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation in SPSS software. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of digital media literacy and the perception of hoaxes, and it was in the moderate correlation. Based on the review of related literature, moderate correlation was occur due to several factors such as biased thinking, easily provoked age group, and difficulties in finding accurate media agencies.

    VARIAN LEKSIKON PERTANIAN BAWANG MERAH DI KABUPATEN BREBES: KAJIAN GEOGRAFI DIALEK

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    INTISARI Untuk mencapai tujuan berkomunikasi, suatu komunitas seperti kelompok petani Bawang Merah memiliki bentuk leksikon khas yang hanya digunakan oleh kelompok masyarakat tersebut. Lokus dalam penelitian ini adalah 8 Kecamatan di Kabupaten Brebes yang merupakan daerah pemroduksi Bawang Merah, yaitu Kecamatan Brebes, Kecamatan Songgom, Kecamatan Larangan, Kecamatan Ketanggungan, Kecamatan Kersana, Kecamatan Losari, Kecamatan Wanasari, dan Kecamatan Tanjung. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah dua ratus lima puluh satu kosakata yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan diperkuat dengan daftar tanya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan varian leksikon dalam bidang pertanian Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Brebes beserta persebarannya, memolakan varian leksikon tersebut, serta mendeskripsikan leksikon relik yang masih dipertahankan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan metode dalam menganalisis data yang digunakan adalah metode padan referensial dengan teknik dasar daya pilah sebagai pembeda referen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan varian leksikon pada bidang pertanian Bawang Merah terbagi menjadi 4 variasi, yaitu varian dua leksikon, varian tiga leksikon, varian empat leksikon, dan varian lima leksikon. Gejala onomasiologis juga ditemukan pada beberapa leksikon seperti pada kata teng, sapal, tengki, garok, bambu, dan blak. Bahasa dalam bidang pertanian Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Brebes terbagi menjadi empat wilayah, yaitu wilayah yang mewakili daerah dengan penduduk berbahasa Jawa penuh di antaranya adalah TP 1, TP 2, TP 3, dan TP 7. Wilayah yang mewakili daerah dengan sebagian penduduknya berbahasa Jawa dan Bahasa Sunda yaitu wilayah TP 4, dan TP 5. TP 6 mewakili daerah yang bersinggungan dengan Kota Cirebon. Sedangkan TP 8 merupakan wilayah yang banyak mendapat pengaruh dari wilayah lainnya karena berada di tengah-tengah. Leksikon relik juga masih dipertahankan oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Brebes meskipun beberapa telah megalami inovasi. Kata Kunci : dialek geografi, leksikon, pertanian Bawang Merah, varian leksikon, reli

    Kombinasi interferon alfa-2b dengan ribavirin untuk terapi penderita hepatitis C kronik yang naive

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    Siti Nurdjanah - Kombinasi interferon affa-2b dengan ribavirin untuk terapi penderita hepatitis C krona yang naive Later belakang :Interferon (IFN) alfa-2b merupakan terapi standard untuk infeksi virus hepatitis C (HCV). Namun sustained virologic respons (SVR) yang akan dicapai tidak bisa bertahan pada follow up, kadangkadang hanya tinggal 10% - 20%. Pemberian kombinasi IFN bersama ribavirin (RBV) akan meningkatkan SVR dibanding pemberian IFN sebagai monoterapi. Tujuan: Mengetahui peningkatan angka kesembuhan penderita HCV kronik yang belum pernah mendapat pengobatan (naive patient) dibending pengobatan kombinasi IFN dengan RBV. Metode: Subjek penelitian adalah penderita hepatitis virus C naive umur antara 18 tahun sampai 65 tahun yang memenuhi syarat untuk inklusi penelitian. Diagnosis hepatitis virus C kronik didasarkan atas pemeriksaan klinis, fungsi hati, ultrasonografi, dengan HCV-RNA positif. Alanin transaminase (ALT) kadarnya antara 1,5 â 10 kali nilai betas normal. Penderita menandatangani persetujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini tefah mendapat ethical clearance dart Komisi Etik Penelitian Biomedis Pada Manusia, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada. Subyek penelitian diperoleh dengan cara konsekutif di Subbagian GastroenteroHepatologi Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RS Dr. Sardjito dart bulan Januari 2003 sampai September 2005. Penderita menerima IFN alfa-2b 3 MIU secara subkutan, tiga kali seminggu ditambah RBV (bila BB 05 kg : 1000 mg per hart terbagi dalam 2 dosis pagi dan sore. Efek samping subjektif maupun objektif dicatat menggunakan blanko pemantauan. Pemantauan dilakukan pada minggu 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, dan 24. Manfaat pengobatan dinifai adanya respon serologik. Persentase (%) complete response : SGPT dalam batas normal dan serum HCV-RNA negatif dalam 6 bulan terapi dan 6 bulan setelah terapi dihentikan. Persentase (%) incomplete response salah satu dart variabel respon terapi masih dalam keadaan tidak normal. Persentase (%) non responder : semua penderita selain yang complete dan incomplete response. Efek samping obat dihitung secara persentase. Hasil: Jumlah penderita HCV kronik naive yang mengikuti penelitian ada 16 orang, satu penderita dikeluarkan karena hipertiroid. Lima belas orang (3 wanita dan 12 laki-laki) sebagai subyek penelitian rerata usia 35,2 t 12,2 tahun. Hanya 13 orang yang menyelesaikan penelitian, dua orang hanya bisa menyelesaikan pengobatan berturut-turut pada minggu 12 dan minggu 20. Enam bulan pasca pengobatan 1 orang penderita tidak datang dan 1 orang lainnya tetap melanjutkan pengobatan sampai 48 minggu. Jadi hanya 11 orang yang dapat mengikuti penelitian hingga akhir (48 minggu). Complete response rate dicapai 9 (81,82%) orang, sedangkan 1 (99,09%) orang incomplete response dan 1 (9,09%) orang non responder. Efek samping obat, semua penderita mengeluh flu like syndrome, cepat lelah, nafsu makan menurun, badan nyeri, mudah emosi. Keluhan subjektif lain, sulit tidur (18,18%) batuk kronis (18.18%), sakit dada berdebardebar dan diare masing-masing 9,09%. Di samping itu semua penderita mengalami penurunan berat badan dan temperatur subfebril. Adanya hiperucemia 72.71%, hemolisis 36,36%, penurunan hemoglobin dan hipotiroid masing-masing 18,18%. Efek samping neutropenia dan leukopenia masing-masing 9,09%, namun semua penderita tidak ada penurunan trombosit. Simpulan: interferon alfa-2b (KaferonR1 konvensional kombinasi bersama RBV untuk terapi hepatitis HCV k.-unik naive meningkatkan SVR. Efek samping hematologis sedikit sekali. keywords: interferon, ribavirin, conventional, sustained virologi response, naive HCV patient, response, HCV-RN

    Hepatitis a Virus Infection in Guillain-Barré Syndrome

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    Prodromal factors of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) are often associated with previous viral infection (60%). The ailment supported by the acquired immunomediated disorder concept. Viral hepatitis is very rarely found in GBS, preceded by cytomegalovirus (15-18%), Campylobacter jejuni (28%), and Epstein-Barr virus (5%). There is no specific etiology of GBS because those viruses usually appear sporadically (subclinically). All hepatitis virus infection can cause neurological complications, including GBS. We report two cases of hepatitis A virus infection (HAV) in GBS patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital during 5 years of observation (1996-2000) from 92 GBS patients. The diagnosis of HAV was based on more than 2 times increment of transaminase enzyme, positive IgM anti HAV, negative HbsAg, and negative IgM anti HCV. The diagnosis of GBS was based on clinical symptoms of acute generalized paralysis, cerebrospinal fluid examination, and electromyelography. In both cases, sub-clinical and sporadic symptoms appeared several days before paralysis, which makes it more likely that the prodromal period of GBS occurred at the same time of HAV incubation period

    Interleukin-8 expression differences in chronic and active chronic inflammation gastric mucosa biopsy with helicobacter pylori infection

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    Background: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP) estimated to occur in 50% of the population in the world. Helicobacter pylori infection causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa and gastric epithelial release of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor α. Interleukin-8 plays a role in the degree of chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and gastric cancer risk. There has been no research on differences in the expression of interleukin-8 is based on chronic and chronic active inflammation on biopsy of the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori infection in Hospital Dr. Sardjito.Objective: To prove the differences in the expression of interleukin-8 of chronic inflammation and gastric mucosal biopsy active chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Examined the expression of interleukin-8 on the rest of the biopsy sample HP (+) in August 2009 to March 2014. Classification of chronic inflammatory and chronic active obtained through histopathology report. Categorical numerical data from the two groups, unpaired, the distribution is not normal: Mann-Whitney test. Differences were considered significant if it was obtained p 0.05Conclusion: There is no difference in the expression of interleukin-8 in inflammatory chronic active and chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori infection.Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, interleukin-8, chronic inflammation and chronic inflammatory active

    Baboon Cake (Traditional Indonesian Cake) as an Alternative Food of Low Glychemic Index

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    Development of baboon cake can be using local food sources. This research will be study the characterization of traditional Lampung cake (baboon) substituted prebiotics from modified red sweet potato flour and tempeh flour as an alternative to low glycemic index snack. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatments and five replications. The treatments in this study were the differences in the basic ingredients formula for baboon cake control: K1 (100% tapioca) and K2 (60% tapioca, 20% tempeh flour, 20% sweet potato flour modification). Analysis data for resistant starch, dietary fiber, digestible starch and the glycemic index were analyzed using Independent sample T-test. There are significant differences in digestible starch, dietary fiber resistant starch and glycemic index of the control baboon cakes and the baboon cakes K2. Control baboon cake (K1) has digestible starch of  20,02%, resistant starch of 13.39%, dietary fiber of 21,58%. The baboon cake (K2) has digestible starch  of  15,97%, resistant starch of 27.94% and dietary fiber of 37,74%. The control baboon cake has a Glycemic Index of 61.67 and a Glycemic load of 12.88 including the "medium" category and baboon cake K2, which is a substitution of modified sweet potato flour and tempeh flour has a GI of 46.77 and a glycemic load amounted to 5.21 with the "low" category. Keywords:  Baboon cake, glycemix indeks, prebiotic DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/106-05 Publication date:March 31st 202

    Alterations in Blood Ammonium Level and Psychometric Test in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis After a Tempe Diet

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    Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is found in 50-70% cases of liver cirrhosis. Management of hepatic encephalopathy is based on the hypothesis of ammonia and false neurotransmitters. A vegetable diet is the diet of choice, since vegetable proteins have a high biological value, contains non- ammonigenic essential amino acids, and contains fiber. The results of soy fermentation by Rhizopus sp can increase the nutritional value to make it easier for body digestion. Study aim: To determine improvements in hepatic encephalopathy by measuring the ammonium level and determining the psychometric test in patients with liver cirrhosis receiving a tempe diet compared to those receiving a liver diet (conventional diet). Method: This is a random open clinical trial with a proportional stratification according to the Child Pugh criteria. Study subjects are patients with liver cirrhosis who are hospitalized at the Internal Medicine Ward and ambulatory patients at the out-patient Gastro-hepatology Polyclinic of Dr. Sarjito Public General Hospital, from January 1999 to May 2000. The trial was conducted for 20 days, where the first (trial) group is given a tempe diet, while the second (control) group is given liver diet II/III (conventional). Measured outcomes include peripheral blood ammonium level, and psychometric test using the Numeric Connection Test (NCT). Results: In the first group, we found a significant reduction of ammonium level in Child-Pugh A patients and a non-significant reduction in Child-Pugh B/C patients, a non-significant psychometric test improvement in Child-Pugh A patients, and significant psychometric test improvement in Child-Pugh B/C patients. In group II: there is no significant difference in the changes in ammonium level or psychometric test in patients from both Child-Pugh categories. Conclusion: A 20-day tempe diet can reduce ammonium levels and improve results on the psychometric test

    Effectiveness Combination of Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale) and Ranitidine Compared with Combination of Ranitidine and Placebo against Severity of Functional Dyspepsia

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    ABSTRACTBackground: Efficacy ranitidine as dyspepsia functional treatment was 8-35 % and ginger extracts as a traditional recipe in various countries for generations could be used as a therapy dyspepsia, antinausea, spasm, colic, and other stomach complaints. Ginger therapeutic effectiveness could reach 68-77% in vivo studies (animal models).Objective: To determined how much influence combination of ginger extract and ranitidine could improve severity of dyspepsia compared with combination of ranitidine and placebo in patients with functional dyspepsia.Method: This study was a quasi experimental. The research was conducted from December 2015 until April 2016 with 26 participants.Results: After getting therapy for 2 weeks in group I, mean SODA score in the pain scale decreased (8.4 %) of 29.07 ± 7.29 to 25.08 ± 8.22, statistically significant (p <0.046). Mean SODA score in the pain scale group II decreased (7.2%) of  25.38 ± 6.19 to 24 ± 6.01 (p=0.302). Mean SODA score in the non pain scale in group I decreased (7.7%) of 16.84 ± 2.44 to 15.15 ± 2.64 (p=0.074), while in the group II decreased (1.6%) of 15.77 ± 2.71 to 15.23 ± 2.94 (p=0.470). Mean SODA score in the satisfaction scale in group I increased (19.9%) of 7.77 ± 3.63 to 10.08 ± 3.59 (p=0.053) while in the group II increased (8.4%) of 9.62 ± 2.72 to 10.92 ± 2.46 (p=0.072). Comparison decline of SODA score in the pain scale between group I was 4.31 ± 6.3 and in group II is 1.23 ± 4.91, greater in group I but not significantly (p=0.178) at baseline to week 2nd. Comparison decline of SODA score in the non pain scale between group I was 1.69 ± 3.11 and in group II was 0.54 ± 2.6, greater in group I but not significantly (p=0.316) at baseline to week 2nd. Comparison increasing of SODA score in the satisfaction scale between group I was – 2.31 ± 3.88 and in group II was -1.31 ± 2.39, greater in group I but not significantly (p=0.437).  Conclusion: Combination of ginger extract and ranitidine could decrease pain scale, non pain scale and increase satisfaction scale more effective clinically than plasebo and ranitidine for functional dyspepsia patient, but not statistic significantlyKeywords: ginger extract, severity of dyspepsia, and functional dyspepsi

    Overlap in Patient with Functional Dyspepsia and Unspecified Functional Anorectal Pain

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    Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FIGD) represent a common and important class of disorders within gastroenterology. FIGD are a cause of great anxiety, distress and morbidity. FIGD disorders maybe manifest as overlapping syndrome. Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) show frequent overlapping of other gastrointestinal disease, such as functional anorectal pain. These overlap patients have more frequent or more severe symptoms, poor health related quality of life and higher somatization scores, and they are more likely to experience anxiety, depression or insomnia compared to non-overlap patients. These disorders were diagnosed according Rome III criteria and excluded structural diseases. Multimodalities approach should be used during treatment patient with FGID. It was reported a male patient with functional dyspepsia and unspecified functional anorectal pain overlap. Keywords: Functional gastrointestinal disorders, functional dyspepsia, functional anorectal pai
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