Reducing the Risk of Flood Disasters in Lamongan Regency Using the Geographic Information System (GIS)

Flood disasters cause negative impacts, such as damage to facilities to the onset of fatalities. Reducing the risk of flooding needs to be done to reduce the impact caused by this disaster. Lamongan Regency is one of the regencies in East Java affected by floods every year in most of its areas. This study aims to reduce the risk caused by flooding by using GIS (Geographic Information System). Mitigation is done by determining areas with a high potential risk of being affected by flooding. The study used spatial analysis functions in ArcGIS. Supporting variables used rainfall, land cover, slope, soil texture, and watershed area, and it becomes important in determining flood-prone areas. From the results, the largest soil classification is the Kpl soil type. Litosol Gray Grumosol, The wide distribution of rainfall from 1500-1750 mm has the widest distribution is 66,67 ha. The slope of 0-8% has the widest distribution of 92,257 ha, making Lamongan a very vulnerable high flood area. Laren District is the District with the greatest flood potential, and Irrigated Field is the dominant land cover type affected by the flood. With the flood disaster map generated from this research, local governments can seek prevention in areas with high flood potential. They can carry out socialization based on disaster mitigation, especially for districts with potential flooding

Automated Vision Based Defect Detection Using Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix For Beverage Manufacturing Industry

Defect inspection emerged as an important role for product quality monitoring process since it is a requirement of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001. The used of manual inspection is impractical because of time consuming, human error, tiredness, repetitive and low productivity. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are industries that having problems in maintaining the quality of their products due to small capital provided. Therefore, automatic inspection is a promising approach to maintain product quality as well as to resolve the existing problems related to delay outputs and cost burden. This article presents a computerized analysis to detect color concentration defects that occur in beverage production based on texture information provided by gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). Based on the texture information, GLCM cross-section is computed to extract the parameters for features of color concentration. The distance value between two colors is then computed using co-occurrence histogram. The defect results either pass or reject is determined using Euclidean distance and rule-based classification. The experimental results show 100% accuracy which makes the proposed technique can implimented for beverage manufacturing inspection process

Applicability of bio-synthesized nanoparticles in fungal secondary metabolites products and plant extracts for eliminating antibiotic-resistant bacteria risks in non-clinical environments

The abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the prawn pond effluents can substantially impact the natural environment. The settlement ponds, which are the most common treatment method for farms wastewater, might effectively reduce the suspended solids and organic matter. However, the method is insufficient for bacterial inactivation. The current paper seeks to highlight the environmental issue associated with the distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) from prawn farm wastewater and their impact on the microbial complex community in the surface water which receiving these wastes. The inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in prawn wastewater is strongly recommended because the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the envi�ronment causes water pollution and public health issues. The nanoparticles are more efficient for bacterial inactivation. They are widely accepted due to their high chemical and mechanical stability, broad spectrum of radiation absorption, high catalytic activity, and high antimicrobial activity. Many studies have examined the use of fungi or plants extract to synthesis zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). It is evident from recent papers in the literature that green synthesized ZnO NPs from microbes and plant extracts are non-toxic and effective. ZnO NPs inactivate the bacterial cells as a function for releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and zinc ions. The inac�tivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria tends to be more than 90% which exhibit strong antimicrobial behavior against bacterial species

Vein mechanism simulation study for deep vein thrombosis early diagnosis using cfd

Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique, this work focus on the analysis of pressure, velocity, and vorticity of blood flow along the popliteal vein. Since the study of early stage of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) becomes essential to prevent the pulmonary embolism (PE), those three parameters are analysed to assess the effect of different opening between two valves of a normal popliteal vein. When only one valve is simulated, the result of pressure shows that the highest and lowest velocities are 15.45 cm/s and 0.73 cm/s, respectively. From the visualization of observed data, however, the different size of orifice between the first and second valves influencing the velocity and vorticity of the blood flow. The rotational motion of blood particle at the same region increases the probability of blood accumulating which is associated with the development of thrombus. Thus, a series of experiment has been conducted by changing the size of valve orifice for the first and second valves along the vein distribution. The result of the CFD simulation shows a significant variation in blood flow in terms of velocity and vorticity

Expression of GBS virulence genes in high vaginal swabs of symptomatic pregnant women at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan

During pregnancy, group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization is known as one of the risk factors for preterm birth and consequently neonatal infections. Previous in-vitro experiments using human cells and in vivo animal models have portrayed the important roles of these virulence factors including hemolytic pigment (CylE), hyaluronidase (HylB), serine-rich protein (Srr) and bacterial surface adhesion of GBS (BsaB) in mediating GBS colonization and intrauterine ascending infection, leading to preterm delivery. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between mRNA expression of women and preterm delivery. GBS isolates were obtained from high vaginal swabs of pregnant women(n=40) with gestational age less than 37 weeks and symptoms including preterm labour, preterm premature rupture of membrane (pPROM), vaginal discharge and vaginal bleeding. Socio-demographic details, obstetric history and delivery outcomes of these women were also enquired. RNA was extracted from these GBS isolates and RT-qPCR was performed to determine the relative mRNA expression of GBS virulence genes including CylE,HylB, Srr and BsaB. Socio-demographic details and obstetric history were not found to be associated with the delivery outcomes of these women. Women with preterm labour and pPROM who delivered prematurely were demonstrated with higher expression of HylB and Cyl Egenes, in comparison to women with term delivery. The expression of Srr and BsaB genes were both similar between symptomatic pregnant women who had term and preterm delivery. Theseresultssuggestthatfollowingvaginalcolonization,bothCylEandHylBgenespossiblycontributetointrauterineascendinginfectionandinflammation,leading to preterm delivery in humans.Thus, hemolytic pigment and hyaluronidase may be targeted for exploratory and pre-clinical stages of vaccine development, which is a good alternative to intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in order to prevent neonatal GBS infections