Determination of the Effect of Drought Stress on the Seed Germination in Some Plant Species

Especially the use of drought‐resistant plant species reduces maintenance and irrigation costs, and plants increase the retention and success to continue its life in arid landscape. In this study, some plant species used have been studied to determine their tolerance to drought stress in gardens and parks in Kastamonu. For this purpose, germination trials have been in conducted -2, -4, -6, and -8 Bar water stress. Landscaping applications commonly used some species such as Cupressus sempervirens L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Pyracantha coccinea Roem, Thuja orientalis, Pinus sylvestris L., Sophora japonica, Cedrus libani A. Rich., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Pinus brutia Ten., and Pinus nigra Arnold. ssp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe. Their seeds were evaluated different levels of water stress in the germination percentage. PEG 6000 solution was used in the formulation of water stress. The seeds were exposed to constant temperature of 25°C for a period of 35 days at germination cabinet. As a result, this experiment calculated germination in different water stress levels what percentage has fallen, so the least affected by increased water stress was studied to determine the species. Also results showed increased water stress and reduce the percentage of germination in all species. The highest level of water stress -8 Bar, which was also obtained stress level proportional germination values Pinus nigra Arnold. ssp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe (64.8%) and Pinus brutia Ten. (46.5%)

Custom-made Gold Implant for Management of Lagophthalmos: A Case Report

Lagophthalmos is defined as the inability to close the eyelids completely. This situation may lead to corneal problems such as epithelial defects, stromal thinning, exposure keratitis, bacterial infection, perforation, and blindness. A patient with lagophthalmos underwent insertion of a custom-made gold weight implant. After implantation, the patient was able to close her eye and expressed high cosmetic and aesthetic results. Fabrication of gold weight implant by the means of a rolling machine is an effective and easy way and should be considered in the management of lagophthalmos

Said Nursi’s psycho-spiritual therapy for psychological reactions of patients with physical illnesses

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The effect of elevated co2 on life cycle of Tenebrio molitor L. (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE)

Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is a major pest of storage products and popularly used as a model species in biological research. This research is crucial in demonstrating the effects of increased CO2 in the environment. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of life cycle of T. molitor (F1) at two significance systems of CO2 namely Free Air CO2 Enrichment System (FACE) and Open Roof Ventilation Greenhouse System (ORVS). Each stage of T. molitor from 10 transparent plastic containers was observed every 2 days and recorded. Prolonged of complete life cycle on the T. molitor in ORVS (147-172days) observed with 43% delayed compared to FACE (71-84 days) and rearing room as control (RR) (77-105 days). The extension was due to prolong of larval to pupal development in ORVS (141-154 days), however, only 77-84 days in RR and FACE (71-84 days). The description of morphological changes in all stages and its coloration also recorded. This preliminary findings are important in predicting the T. molitor survivability due to climate variability and in strategizing the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in the warehouses of storage products

Modeling Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals via signature and envelope functions

Bu çalışmada, EKG işaretlerinin Temel Tanım ve Zarf Fonksiyonları ile modellenmesine yönelik yeni bir yöntem sunulmaktadır. Sunulan yöntem, herhangi bir EKG işaretine ilişkin Xi(t) çerçeve fonksiyonunu  biçiminde modellemektedir. Bu modelde, jR(t), Temel Tanım Fonksiyonu olarak adlandırılmakta ve bir Ci katsayısı ile Xi çerçeve vektörünün en yüksek enerjisini taşımaktadır. aK(t), Zarf Fonksiyonu olarak adlandırılmakta ve Xi çerçeve vektörünün zarfını oluşturmaktadır. Ci katsayısı da Çerçeve Ölçekleme Katsayısı olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Temel Tanım ve Zarf Fonksiyonları iletim bandının herbir düğümüne yerleştirilerek EKG işaretinin iletimi, Temel Tanım ve Zarf Vektör Bankasının R ve K indislerinin ve Ci katsayısının iletimine indirgenerek önemli bir sıkıştırma oranı gerçeklenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sıkıştırma, Modelleme, EKG.In this paper, a new method to model ECG signals by means of "Signature and Envelope Functions" is presented. In this work, on a frame basis, any ECG signal Xi(t) is modeled by the form of . In this model, jR(t) is defined as the Signature Function since it carries almost maximum energy of the frame vector Xi with a constant Ci. aK(t) is referred to as Envelope Function since it matches the envelope of CijR(t) to the original frame vector Xi; and Ci is called the Frame-Scaling Coefficient. It has been demonstrated that the sets F={jr(t)} and A={ak(t)} constitute a "Signature and Envelope Functional Banks" to describe any measured ECG signal. Thus, ECG signal for each frame is described in terms of the two indices "R" and "K" of Signature and Envelope Functional Banks and the frame-scaling coefficient Ci. It has been shown that the new method of modeling provides significant data compression with low level reconstruction error while preserving diagnostic information in the reconstructed ECG signal.. Furthermore, once Signature and Envelope Functional Banks are stored on each communication node, transmission of ECG signals reduces to the transmission of indexes "R" and "K" of [ak(t),jr(t)] pairs and the coefficient Ci, which also result in considerable saving in the transmission band.  Keywords: Compression, Modeling, ECG.

An Updated Comparison of Current Impression Techniques Regarding Time, Comfort, Anxiety, and Preference: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Objective: To compare digital and conventional impressions in terms of impression time, and comfort, anxiety, and preference of the patients.Methods: Digital scans (Trios 3 Cart) and conventional impressions (irreversible hydrocolloid material, hand-mixed) were randomly performed on 39 patients by a single experienced operator at 14-21-day intervals (crossover design). The impression time, comfort score with the visual analog scale, anxiety level with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and preference with a questionnaire, were recorded. The 2 techniques were compared with the independent t-test in terms of time, comfort, and anxiety. Patient–operator assessment and time–comfort relationship were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test.Results: No statistical difference was found between the 2 impression techniques in terms of time (P = .231). Both the operators’ and patients’ comfort scores showed that the digital technique was found to be more comfortable (P .05).Conclusion: Digital scanning and conventional dental impression were similar in terms of impression time and anxiety of patients. However, patients were more satisfied with the digital technique, and preferred it

Dijital panoramik radyograflarda çekim sırasında yapılan hatalar

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, dijital panoramik radyograflarda görülen hataları ve bu hataların görülme sıklığını değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi AD kliniği arşivinden rastgele seçilmiş 186 adet dijital panoramik görüntü 12 adet kategori altında 3 gözlemci tarafından incelendi. Çalışmaya 15 yaş ve üstü hastalara ait görüntüler dahil edildi.Bulgular: 186 radyografik görüntünün toplam 173’ünde (% 93.01) en az 1 hata tespit edildi. En sık görülen hata olarak dilin damakta konumlandırılmaması (123, % 66.12) rapor edildi. Bunu ikinci sırada kayakçı pozisyonu hatası (52, % 27.95) ve üçüncü sırada çekim sırasında hareket hatası (50, % 26.88) takip etti. Dijital gürültü (1, % 0.53) en az rastlanan hata olarak belirlendi. Yaptığımız çalışmada değerlendirilen görüntülerin % 93.01’ünde hata tespit edilmiş olup bu oran; Sarı ve ark.5, Schiff ve ark.6, Akarslan ve ark.7, Rushton ve ark.8, Brezden ve ark.9 , Dhillon ve ark.10 ’nın yaptıkları çalışmalarda sırası ile % 90, % 79.7, % 62.39, % 99.2, % 99.8, % 89.0 oranında bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Panoramik radyografların kalitesi ve teşhis değeri, hasta konumlandırmasına dikkat edilerek iyileştirilebilir.ANAHTAR KELİMELER Panoramik radyograf, görüntü hatası, görünt

Montelukast jest skutecznym lekiem w zapobieganiu zespołowi hiperstymulacji jajników: badania eksperymentalne

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of montelukast in comparison with cabergoline in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in rats. Material and methods: An experimental OHSS model was formed in 35 female Wistar rats. Rats (22 days old) were randomized into 5 groups, each containing 7 animals. The control group received no therapy; the mild OHSS group was administered pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) 10 IU for 4 days, hCG 10 IU on the 5th day; the severe OHSS group received PMSG 10 IU for 4 days, hCG 30 IU on the 5th day. The montelukast group: received montelukast 10 mg/kg/day and the cabergoline group was administered cabergoline 100μg/kg/day via oral gavage for 6 days (days 22–27), in addition to those of severe OHSS. All groups were sacrificed on 28th day. Body weight, ovarian diameter and weight, vascular permeability, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), semiquantitative VEGF receptor-1, and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) immunohistochemistry were evaluated. Results: Ovarian diameter and VEGF expression were significantly lower in the montelukast and cabergoline groups than in the severe OHSS group. While montelukast was more effective in limiting vascular permeability in the severe OHSS, cabergoline was superior to montelukast with respect to the limiting effect on increased body weight and VEGFR-2 expression. Conclusions: The VEGF/VEGFR-2 interaction plays an important role in OHSS pathogenesis. Montelukast limits VEGF expression, and cabergoline reduces both VEGF and VEGFR-2 expressions; they are both effective therapies for the prevention of severe OHSS.Cel: Ocena skuteczności montelukastu w porównaniu z kabergoliną w zapobieganiu zespołowi hiperstymulacji jajników (OHSS) u szczurów. Materiał i metoda: Model doświadczalny OHSS stanowiło 35szczurów rasy Wistar, płci żeńskiej. Szczury (22 dniowe) podzielono na 5 grup, każda zawierająca 7 zwierząt. Grupa kontrolna nie otrzymała żadnej terapii. Grupa z łagodnym OHSS otrzymała gonadotropinę z surowicy ciężarnych klaczy (PMSG) w ilości 10IU przez 4 dni, hCG 10IU w 5 dniu, grupa z ciężkim OHSS otrzymała PMSG 10IU przez 4 dni, hCG 30IU w 5 dniu. Grupa z montelukastem otrzymała montelukast w dawce 10mg/kg/dzień a grupa z kabergoliną otrzymała kabergolinę 100μg/kg/dzień przez doustny zgłębnik przez 6 dni (dni 22-27). Wszystkie zwierzęta zabito w 28 dniu. Oceniono masę ciała, wymiar i wagę jajników, przepuszczalność naczyń, czynnik wzrostu śródbłonka naczyń (VEGF) oraz w immunohistochemii półilościowo receptor – 1 VEGF i receptor-2 VEGF. Wyniki: Wymiar jajnika oraz ekspresja VEGF były istotnie niższe w grupach z monelukastem i kabergoliną niż w grupie z ciężkim OHSS. Podczas gdy montelukast był bardziej skuteczny w ograniczaniu przepuszczalności śródbłonków w ciężkim OHSS, to kabergolina okazała się lepsza od montelukastu po uwzględnieniu ograniczającego efektu zwiększonej masy ciała i ekspresji VEGFR-2. Wnioski: Wzajemne oddziaływanie VEGF/VEGFR-2 odgrywa istotną role w patogenezie OHSS. Montelukast ogranicza ekspresję VEGF, a kabergolina zmniejsza zarówno ekspresję VEGF jak i VEGFR-2; obie terapie są skuteczne w zapobieganiu ciężkiemu OHSS

Germline Pathogenic Variants Identified by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing of Susceptibility Genes in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

The aim of this study was to evaluate germline variant frequencies of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma targeted susceptibility genes with next-generation sequencing method. Germline DNA from 75 cases were evaluated with targeted next-generation sequencing on an Illumina NextSeq550 instrument. KIF1B, RET, SDHB, SDHD, TMEM127, and VHL genes were included in the study, and Sanger sequencing was used for verifying the variants. The pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were in the VHL, RET, SDHB, and SDHD genes, and the diagnosis rate was 24% in this study. Three different novel pathogenic variants were determined in five cases. This is the first study from Turkey, evaluating germline susceptibility genes of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma with a detection rate of 24% and three novel variants. All patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma need clinical genetic testing with expanded targeted gene panels for higher diagnosis rates

Metaphorical expressions and ethical appeals in Said Nursi’s Damascus Sermon

Contemporary cognitive linguistics views metaphor as pervasive in thoughts and conceptual in nature. There are studies on conceptual metaphors in religious discourse, but little is known about how orators make use of them and ethos (ethical appeals) to influence their audience. This paper reports the results of an explanatory case study of an influential Muslim thinker and theologian, Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s (1877-1960) ethos and conceptual metaphors in his Damascus Sermon (1911). Specifically, this study identifies and interprets the metaphorical expressions used by Nursi which helps him establish his ethos to strengthen his persuasion. The classical rhetorical theory is employed to examine the ethos while Lakoff and Johnson's (1980) cognitive theory of metaphor is also used. The analysis of the Sermon involves three main stages: i) identification of phrases that indicate ethos, ii) identification of linguistic metaphors using the Metaphor Identification Procedure by Pragglejaz Group (2007) and iii) identification of the underlying conceptual mapping of the expressions. The findings show how Nursi’s use of conceptual metaphors has contributed to the effectiveness of his ethical appeals to persuade his audience. This study sets an antecedent for future studies on conceptual metaphors in religious discourse as a mechanism for rhetorical appeals