Some critics to the contagion correlation test

The term contagion is generally used to refer to the spread3 of market shocks from one country to another. However, identifying what is meant by contagion and its consequences has become in recent years a literature in itself4, given the importance of such consequences on economies all over the world. Despite the lack of theoretical consensus, some authors try to measure contagion through the use of correlation tests. The aim of my work is to raise a technical and conceptual critique concerning these models. To support my concerns I provide a broad vision and background of contagion literature and an insight in the particular field of contagion correlation test. The work is organized in four parts. Firstly, an overview of definitional issues concerning contagion, as presented in the literature, is explained together with the different crisis transmission channels that authors have identified. Secondly, a detailed description of the contagion correlation test –as the most common means to search for contagion—is presented, giving a full overview of the models used in the literature. Thirdly, I will express my concerns about the test and the models of the previous section. Finally, some conclusions are stated.

Herschel-ATLAS: Blazars in the science demonstration phase field

To investigate the poorly constrained sub-mm counts and spectral properties of blazars we searched for these in the Herschel-ATLAS (H-ATLAS) science demonstration phase (SDP) survey catalog.

We cross-matched 500 μm sources brighter than 50 mJy with the FIRST radio catalogue. We found two blazars, both previously known. Our study is among the first blind blazar searches at sub-mm wavelengths, i.e., in the spectral regime where little is still known about the blazar SEDs, but where the synchrotron peak of the most luminous blazars is expected to occur. Our early results are consistent with educated extrapolations of lower frequency counts and question indications of substantial spectral curvature downwards and of spectral upturns at mm wavelengths. One of the two blazars is identified with a Fermi/LAT γ-ray source and a WMAP source. The physical parameters of the two blazars are briefly discussed. These observations demonstrate that the H-ATLAS survey will provide key information about the physics of blazars and their contribution to sub-mm counts

Statistics of the fractional polarisation of compact radio sources in Planck maps

In this work we apply the stacking technique to estimate the average fractional polarisation from 30 to 353 GHz of a primary sample of 1560 compact sources - essentially all radio sources - detected in the 30 GHz Planck all-sky map and listed in the second version of the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2). We divide our primary sample in two subsamples according to whether the sources lay (679 sources) or not (881 sources) inside the sky region defined by the Planck Galactic mask (fsky ~ 60 per cent) and the area around the Magellanic Clouds. We find that the average fractional polarisation of compact sources is approximately constant (with frequency) in both samples (with a weighted mean over all the channels of 3.08 per cent outside and 3.54 per cent inside the Planck mask). In the sky region outside the adopted mask, we also estimate the {\mu} and {\sigma} parameters for the log-normal distribution of the fractional polarisation, finding a weighted mean value over all the Planck frequency range of 1.0 for {\sigma} and 0.7 for {\mu} (that would imply a weighted mean value for the median fractional polarisation of 1.9 per cent).Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, MNRAS in pres

Multimodal Differential Emission Measure in the Solar Corona

The Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) telescope on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) provides coronal EUV imaging over a broader temperature sensitivity range than the previous generations of instruments (EUVI, EIT, and TRACE). Differential emission measure tomography (DEMT) of the solar corona based on AIA data is presented here for the first time. The main product of DEMT is the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of the local differential emission measure (LDEM). While in previous studies, based on EIT or EUVI data, there were 3 available EUV bands, with a sensitivity range $\sim 0.60 - 2.70$ MK, the present study is based on the 4 cooler AIA bands (aimed at studying the quiet sun), sensitive to the range $\sim 0.55 - 3.75$ MK. The AIA filters allow exploration of new parametric LDEM models. Since DEMT is better suited for lower activity periods, we use data from Carrington Rotation 2099, when the Sun was in its most quiescent state during the AIA mission. Also, we validate the parametric LDEM inversion technique by applying it to standard bi-dimensional (2D) differential emission measure (DEM) analysis on sets of simultaneous AIA images, and comparing the results with DEM curves obtained using other methods. Our study reveals a ubiquitous bimodal LDEM distribution in the quiet diffuse corona, which is stronger for denser regions. We argue that the nanoflare heating scenario is less likely to explain these results, and that alternative mechanisms, such as wave dissipation appear better supported by our results.Comment: 52 pages, 18 figure

Real-time Quantum evolution in the Classical approximation and beyond

With the goal in mind of deriving a method to compute quantum corrections for the real-time evolution in quantum field theory, we analyze the problem from the perspective of the Wigner function. We argue that this provides the most natural way to justify and extend the classical approximation. A simple proposal is presented that can allow to give systematic quantum corrections to the evolution of expectation values and/or an estimate of the errors committed when using the classical approximation. The method is applied to the case of a few degrees of freedom and compared with other methods and with the exact quantum results. An analysis of the dependence of the numerical effort involved as a function of the number of variables is given, which allow us to be optimistic about its applicability in a quantum field theoretical context.Comment: 32 pages, 6 figure

Statistics of the fractional polarisation of extragalactic dusty sources in Planck HFI maps

We estimate the average fractional polarisation at 143, 217 and 353 GHz of a sample of 4697 extragalactic dusty sources by applying stacking technique. The sample is selected from the second version of the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources at 857 GHz, avoiding the region inside the Planck Galactic mask (fsky ~ 60 per cent). We recover values for the mean fractional polarisation at 217 and 353 GHz of (3.10 \pm 0.75) per cent and (3.65 \pm 0.66) per cent, respectively, whereas at 143 GHz we give a tentative value of (3.52 \pm 2.48) per cent. We discuss the possible origin of the measured polarisation, comparing our new estimates with those previously obtained from a sample of radio sources. We test different distribution functions and we conclude that the fractional polarisation of dusty sources is well described by a log-normal distribution, as determined in the radio band studies. For this distribution we estimate {\mu}_{217GHz} = 0.3 \pm 0.5 (that would correspond to a median fractional polarisation of {\Pi}_{med} = (1.3 \pm 0.7) per cent) and {\mu}_{353GHz} = 0.7 \pm 0.4 ({\Pi}_{med} = (2.0 \pm 0.8) per cent), {\sigma}_{217GHz} = 1.3 \pm 0.2 and {\sigma}_{353GHz} = 1.1 \pm 0.2. With these values we estimate the source number counts in polarisation and the contribution given by these sources to the CMB B-mode angular power spectrum at 217, 353, 600 and 800 GHz. We conclude that extragalactic dusty sources might be an important contaminant for the primordial B-mode at frequencies > 217 GHz.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1703.0995

El Turismo LGBTIQ en España. Aproximación desde un punto de vista geográfico.

Existen numerosos estudios del impacto socioeconómico del turismo LGBTIQ en el territorio realizados por asociaciones, colectivos u organismos públicos. Sin embargo, la falta de publicaciones científicas y la no estandarización de los métodos en los mencionados estudios, dificulta un análisis territorial preciso de su impacto social y económico. En esta investigación se pretende llevar a cabo una aproximación a la repercusión social y económica del turismo LGBTIQ en España desde un punto de vista geográfico. Tras seleccionar las fuentes más fiables se ha observado cómo esta actividad turística alcanza una gran relevancia económica y social en los núcleos dónde están presentes. Estas repercusiones también pueden ser trasladadas al plano social, donde el turismo gay fomenta la tolerancia, respeto y mayor visibilidad social hacia el colectivo LGBTIQ.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Control de convencionalidad y aplicación judicial de los derechos fundamentales de la Unión Europea

Aquest treball té per objecte l'estudi del control de convencionalitat i l'aplicació judicial dels drets fonamentals de la Unió Europea. Partint de l'obertura dels drets humans al dret internacional, característica de l'estat constitucional internacionalment integrat, s'analitza el recurs pels jutges nacionals dels instruments de protecció de drets fonamentals. En particular, s'estudia com els jutges poden aplicar els drets fonamentals de la Unió Europea, així com les qüestions que hi estan relacionades, com ara l'estàndard de protecció dels drets en cas de disconformitat entre el contingut fonamental protegit a l’ordenament de la Unió i a la Constitució.This paper aims to study the control of conventionality and the legal implementation of the fundamental rights of the European Union.  With the opening up to international human rights law, a characteristic of internationally integrated constitutional states, as a starting point, it studies the instruments for the protection of fundamental rights as a remedy available to national judges. In particular, the paper examines how judges can apply the fundamental rights of the European Union, along with related issues, such as the standard of protection for rights should there be a discrepancy between the content of fundamental rights that are protected in the European Union's system of laws and in the Constitution.El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio del control de convencionalidad y la aplicación judicial de los derechos fundamentales de la Unión Europea. Partiendo de la apertura al derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, característica del Estado constitucional internacionalmente integrado, se analiza el recurso por los jueces nacionales de los instrumentos de protección de derechos fundamentales. En particular, se estudia cómo pueden aplicar los jueces los derechos fundamentales de la Unión Europea, así como las cuestiones relacionadas con ella, como el estándar de protección de los derechos en caso de disconformidad entre el contenido iusfundamental protegido en el ordenamiento de la Unión y en la Constitución

Reglamento de la Sociedad Nuevo Recreo Industrial

Anula el vigente aprobado por el Excmo. Sr. Gobernador Civil de la provincia el día 16 de octubre de 1931Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-201