Biopotential Autochthones Fungal in Function of Nutraceuticals

Karakterizacija  ekstrakata  plodnih  tela  devet autohtonih  vrsta  gljiva  pripadnika  razdela Basidiomycota  obuhvatila  je  preliminarno ispitivanje  hemijskog  sastava  i  ispitivanje biološke  aktivnosti.  Primenom  HPLC‐MS/MS  i GC-FID tehnike  detektovan je i određen sadržaj fenolnih jedinjenja i metil estara masnih kiselina.  Primenom  tehnike  elektroforeze  na  mikročipu ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP"  kapilarnom  elektroforezom) izvršena je karakterizacija proteinskih frakcija u odabranim  vrstama  gljiva.  Antioksidantna aktivnost  (sposobnost  neutralizacije  slobodnih  radikala,  redukcioni potencijal), sadržaj ukupnih fenola  i  flavonoida  vodenih  i  etanolnih  ekstrakata  ispitan  je  primenom spektrofotometrijskih  metoda.  Antimikrobna  aktivnost  metanolnog  i  heksanskog  ekstrakta ispitana  je  na  Gram‐pozitivnim  i  Gram–negativnim bakterijskim  sojevima.  Efekat etanolnih i vodenih  ekstrakata  odabranih vrsta gljiva  na  rast ćelijske  linije  MCF7  (humani adenokarcinom dojke pozitivan na estrogenske i progesteronske receptore), ispitan je MTT i SRB testom, dok je efekat frakcija ispitan primenom MTT  testa.  Sumarno,  ukupni  biopotencijal ispitivanih vrsta na osnovu sprovedenih analiza hemijske  karakterizacije  i  bioloških  testova upućuju opravdanost hipoteze da su odabrane vrste potencijalni  izvori nutraceutika. Svakako je potrebno i neophodno nastaviti dalja istraživanja ovih vrsta.Characterization of extracts of fruiting bodies of  nine native species of mushrooms members of  section  Basidiomycota  included  preliminary  testing  of  chemical  composition  and  biological  activity.  Using  HPLC‐MS  /  MS  and  GC‐FID  techniques the content of phenolic compounds  and fatty acid methyl esters has been detected  and determined. By applying the techniques of  electrophoresis  on  microchip  ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP"  capillary  electrophoresis)  characterization  of  protein fractions in selected types of mushrooms  has been performed. The antioxidant activity (the  ability  of  neutralizing  free  radicals,  reducing  potential),  the  contents  of  total  phenols  and  flavonoids  of  water  and  ethanol  extracts  has  been  tested  using  the  spectrophotometric  method.  The  antimicrobial  activity  of  methanol  and  hexane  extracts  was  tested  against  Gram‐ positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. The  effect  of  ethanol  and  aqueous  extracts  of  selected fungi species on the growth of the cell  line  MCF7  (human  breast  adenocarcinoma  positive  for  estrogen  and  progesterone  receptors),  has  been  examined  using  MTT  and  SRB assay, while the effect of the fractions has  been tested by using the MTT assay. In summary,  the overall biological potential of the examined  species  based  on  results  for  chemical  and  biological  characterization  tests  (anti‐oxidative,  antimicrobial and anti‐proliferative) indicate the  justifiability  of  the  hypothesis  that  examined  species  of  mushrooms  are  potential  sources  of  nutraceuticals.  It  is  certainly  needed  and  necessary to continue further research of these  species

Biopotential Autochthones Fungal in Function of Nutraceuticals

Karakterizacija  ekstrakata  plodnih  tela  devet autohtonih  vrsta  gljiva  pripadnika  razdela Basidiomycota  obuhvatila  je  preliminarno ispitivanje  hemijskog  sastava  i  ispitivanje biološke  aktivnosti.  Primenom  HPLC‐MS/MS  i GC-FID tehnike  detektovan je i određen sadržaj fenolnih jedinjenja i metil estara masnih kiselina.  Primenom  tehnike  elektroforeze  na  mikročipu ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP"  kapilarnom  elektroforezom) izvršena je karakterizacija proteinskih frakcija u odabranim  vrstama  gljiva.  Antioksidantna aktivnost  (sposobnost  neutralizacije  slobodnih  radikala,  redukcioni potencijal), sadržaj ukupnih fenola  i  flavonoida  vodenih  i  etanolnih  ekstrakata  ispitan  je  primenom spektrofotometrijskih  metoda.  Antimikrobna  aktivnost  metanolnog  i  heksanskog  ekstrakta ispitana  je  na  Gram‐pozitivnim  i  Gram–negativnim bakterijskim  sojevima.  Efekat etanolnih i vodenih  ekstrakata  odabranih vrsta gljiva  na  rast ćelijske  linije  MCF7  (humani adenokarcinom dojke pozitivan na estrogenske i progesteronske receptore), ispitan je MTT i SRB testom, dok je efekat frakcija ispitan primenom MTT  testa.  Sumarno,  ukupni  biopotencijal ispitivanih vrsta na osnovu sprovedenih analiza hemijske  karakterizacije  i  bioloških  testova upućuju opravdanost hipoteze da su odabrane vrste potencijalni  izvori nutraceutika. Svakako je potrebno i neophodno nastaviti dalja istraživanja ovih vrsta.Characterization of extracts of fruiting bodies of  nine native species of mushrooms members of  section  Basidiomycota  included  preliminary  testing  of  chemical  composition  and  biological  activity.  Using  HPLC‐MS  /  MS  and  GC‐FID  techniques the content of phenolic compounds  and fatty acid methyl esters has been detected  and determined. By applying the techniques of  electrophoresis  on  microchip  ("LAB‐ON‐A‐CHIP"  capillary  electrophoresis)  characterization  of  protein fractions in selected types of mushrooms  has been performed. The antioxidant activity (the  ability  of  neutralizing  free  radicals,  reducing  potential),  the  contents  of  total  phenols  and  flavonoids  of  water  and  ethanol  extracts  has  been  tested  using  the  spectrophotometric  method.  The  antimicrobial  activity  of  methanol  and  hexane  extracts  was  tested  against  Gram‐ positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. The  effect  of  ethanol  and  aqueous  extracts  of  selected fungi species on the growth of the cell  line  MCF7  (human  breast  adenocarcinoma  positive  for  estrogen  and  progesterone  receptors),  has  been  examined  using  MTT  and  SRB assay, while the effect of the fractions has  been tested by using the MTT assay. In summary,  the overall biological potential of the examined  species  based  on  results  for  chemical  and  biological  characterization  tests  (anti‐oxidative,  antimicrobial and anti‐proliferative) indicate the  justifiability  of  the  hypothesis  that  examined  species  of  mushrooms  are  potential  sources  of  nutraceuticals.  It  is  certainly  needed  and  necessary to continue further research of these  species

Savremena terapija inflamatorne bolesti creva

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic chronic disease. According to the latest data, about 2.5 million people in Europe, as well about 8 thousands in Serbia, have IBD. The main symptoms of this disease are diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bleeding, anaemia and weight loss. The two major form of IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. There is no drug that would lead to complete healing of IBC. The goals of the therapy include introducing remission, maintaining remission, minimizing side effects of drugs and improving the quality of life. The IBC therapy includes the use of drugs such as: aminosalicylates, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. As an initial therapy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, aminosalicylates are the most commonly used, and maintenance therapy is recommended for all patients. Drugs of the first choice for maintenance of remission are also aminosalicylates. For the treatment of Crohn's disease, first-line drugs are glucocorticoids. Maintenance therapy is not mandatory for all patients with Crohn's disease. If maintenance therapy is necessary, immunosuppressors (azathioprine or methotrexate), as well as biologic agents (anti-TNF drugs or anti-integrin medications), are used.Inflamatorna bolest creva (IBC) je idiopatska hronična bolest. Prema najnovijim podacima, od IBC u Evropi je obolelo oko 2,5 miliona ljudi, a u Srbiji oko 8 hiljada. Glavni simptomi ove bolesti su dijareja, abdominalni bol, krvarenje, anemija i gubitak telesne težine. Dva glavna oblika IBC su ulcerozni kolitis i Kronova bolest. Za IBC nema leka koji će dovesti do potpunog izlečenja. Ciljevi terapije uključuju uvođenje u remisiju, održavanje remisije, minimalizaciju sporednih efekata lekova i poboljšanje kvaliteta života. Terapija IBC uključuje primenu lekova kao što su: aminosalicilati, glukokortikoidi, imunosupresori, kao i biološki lekovi. Kao inicijalna terapija u lečenju ulceroznog kolitisa najčešće se koriste aminosalicilati, a terapija održavanja remisije se preporučuje svim pacijentima. Lekovi prvog izbora u održavanju remisije su, takođe, aminosalicilati. Za terapiju Kronove bolesti lekovi prvog izbora su glukokortikoidi. Terapija održavanja remisije nije obavezna za sve pacijente sa Kronovom bolešću. Ukoliko je terapija održavanja neophodna, koriste se imunosupresori (azatioprin ili metotreksat), kao i biološki lekovi (anti-TNF lekovi ili anti-integrinski lekovi)

Group form reconsidered : physicality and humanity of collective spaces

In 1964, Japanese architect Fumihiko Maki presented the need for investigation in housing collective form. The need was explained through his sensitivity towards the dynamic change of society and simultaneous inadequacy of architectural static and fragmented respond. This paper presents the contemporary view on the theory of collective form and its investigation into why and how the group of buildings stands together. It brings forward the need for renewed architectural focus on group form, one of Maki's collective form types, and the social and human reasoning of design decisions. The theory of linkages in group form is related to more recent socio-spatial analytical theories and interpreted as an analytical tool for understanding housing morphologies, configurations, and its social capacity of group form. It is proposed that the morphological and configurational approach can be used in combination for reading and understanding the historical and contemporary housing ensembles and their relation to an urban whole. The aim of the theoretical research is the identification of the analytical framework and design principles of group form based on architectural and configurational elements and their relations, as socially and culturally relevant

Lekovi koji oslobađaju vodonik-sulfid – dokle smo stigli u kliničkim studijama?

Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is the youngest member of the gasotransmitters family consisting of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). This signalling molecule is implicated in the regulation of a wide range of processes, such as inflammation, pain, and tissue repair, and has an important role in signalling processes affecting cardiovascular health, either as an independent effector or as an enhancer of the NO system. With the discovery of the H2 S role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, the development of new pharmaceuticals that could be useful in conditions with disturbed levels of endogenous H2 S began. Today, the development of H2 S-releasing drugs has reached the level of clinical studies. Drugs such as SG1002, aimed at the treatment of heart failure, and ATB-346, aimed at the treatment of arthritis, have been tested in Phase I/II clinical studies and have shown significant therapeutic potential. Additionally, it has been shown that some already known drugs, such as zofenopril, produce part of their beneficial effects by releasing H2 S. Evidence from clinical studies presented in this paper encourages further clinical testing of H2 S-based therapeutics and the possibility of their application in a wide range of diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.Vodonik-sulfid (H2S) je najmlađi član porodice gasovitih medijatora koju čine azot-oksid (NO) i ugljen-monoksid (CO). Ovaj signalni molekul uključen je u regulaciju širokog spektra procesa, kao što su zapaljenje, bol, reparacija tkiva, i ima važnu ulogu u signalnim procesima koji utiču na zdravlje kardiovaskularnog sistema, bilo kao nezavisni efektor ili kao pojačivač NO signalnog puta. Sa otkrivanjem uloge H 2 S-a u patogenezi mnogih bolesti, započeo je razvoj novih farmaceutika koji bi mogli biti od koristi u stanjima sa poremećenim nivoima endogenog H2 S-a. Razvoj lekova koji oslobađaju H2S danas je dosegao nivo kliničkih studija. Lekovi poput SG1002, za terapiju srčane insuficijencije, i ATB-346, za terapiju artritisa, ispitivani su u Fazi I/II kliničkih studija i pokazali značajan terapijski potencijal. Dodatno, pokazano je da neki već poznati lekovi, poput zofenoprila, deo svojih korisnih efekata ostvaruju upravo oslobađanjem H 2 S-a. Dokazi iz kliničkih studija izneti u ovom radu ohrabruju dalja klinička testiranja terapeutika baziranih na H2 S-u i mogućnost njihove primene u širokom spektru bolesti, poput hipertenzije, dijabetesa i hronične bolesti bubrega

Hybrid artificial intelligence model for prediction of heating energy use

Currently, in the building sector there is an increase in energy use due to the increased demand for indoor thermal comfort. Proper energy planning based on a real measurement data is a necessity. In this study we developed and evaluated hybrid artificial intelligence models for the prediction of the daily heating energy use. Building energy use is defined by significant number of influencing factors, while many of them are difficult to adequately quantify. For heating energy use modelling, the complex relationship between the input and output variables is hard to define. The main idea of this paper was to divide the heat demand prediction problem into the linear and the non-linear part (residuals) by using (Afferent statistical methods for the prediction. The expectations were that the joint hybrid model, could outperform the individual predictors. Multiple linear regression was selected for the linear modelling, while the non-linear part was predicted using feedforward and radial basis neural networks. The hybrid model prediction consisted of the sum of the outputs of the linear and the non-linear model. The results showed that both hybrid models achieved better results than each of the individual feedforward and radial basis neural networks and multiple linear regression on the same dataset. It was shown that this hybrid approach improved the accuracy of artificial intelligence models

Clinical and echocardiographic predictors of the anterior mitral leaflet repair failure

Background: Anterior mitral leaflet prolapse repair is a highly effective procedure, but despite excellent operative results still has an inferior long‐term durability when compared to posterior leaflet repair. Methods: We analysed mitral repair durability in 74 consecutive patients operated for anterior leaflet prolapse between 2010 and 2021. Their pre‐ and postoperative clinical, echocardiographic data and repair durability as well, were compared with 74 randomly assigned posterior leaflet prolapse patients who underwent valve repair during the same period. Results: While groups were of similar age, patients with anterior leaflet prolapse had an inferior preoperative status in terms of functional reserve, atrial fibrillation, operative risk, ejection fraction and had more dilated left heart chambers as well. 1, 5, and 10‐year freedom from repair failure was 87.1 ± 4.6%, 79.8 ± 6.5% and 50.7 ± 12.5% in the anterior, and 98.5 ± 1.5% respectively in the posterior leaflet group. Atrial fibrilation (hazard ratio [HR] 5.365; 95%; confidence interval [CI] 1.093–26.324 p = .038) and left ventricle end‐systolic diameter (HR 1.160 95%; CI 1.037–1.299 p = .010) independently predicted anterior leaflet repair failure. Receiver Operating Curve analysis established left ventricle end‐systolic diameter ≤42 mm as a cut‐off value associated with improved anterior leaflet repair durability. Accordingly, 10‐year repair durability in a subset of patients, with preserved left ventricle end‐systolic diameter (≤42 mm) was 86.4 ± 7.8%. Conclusion: Better long‐term repair durability in patients with anterior mitral leaflet prolapse and preserved sinus rhytm and left‐ventricle diameters justifies early reconstructive approach

BIODIVERSITY OVERVIEW OF SODA PANS IN THE VOJVODINA REGION (SERBIA)

Due to their specific physical and chemical properties of water and soil soda pans of the Vojvodina region represent a unique type of habitats. Salinity is a major structuring factor which strongly affects species richness. Many halotolerant, alkalotolerant and halophilic organisms, together with numerous eurytopic elements inhabit these kinds of ecosystems. In this review we tried to compile the biodiversity information from various literature sources and give the best representation of what can be expected to be found in these shallow, temporary and intermittent aquatic environments. Only a few groups of organisms are fairly well studied, while many others are insufficiently investigated or the knowledge of them is lacking altogether. Best investigated are certain groups of algae and birds. Bacterial communities, as well as many invertebrate groups, are poorly studied or not investigated at all. Characteristic elements of flora and fauna, together with growing anthropogenic pressures make soda pans prime targets for protection

Support vector machine for the prediction of heating energy use

Prediction of a building energy use for heating is very important for adequate energy planning. In this paper the daily district heating use of one university campus was predicted using the support vector machine model. Support vector machine is the artificial intelligence method that has recently proved that it can achieve comparable, or even better prediction results than the much more used artificial neural networks. The proposed model was trained and tested on the real, measured data. The model accuracy was compared with the results of the previously published models (various neural networks and their ensembles) on the same database. The results showed that the support vector machine model can achieve better results than the individual neural networks, but also better than the conventional and multistage ensembles. It is expected that this theoretically well-known methodology finds wider application, especially in prediction tasks

Uticaj sastava i udela inertne komponente na morfologiju i parametre porozne strukture makroporoznog kopolimera 4-vinilpiridina i etilenglikoldimetakrilata

In this study, the influence of the type and content of inert component in the reaction mixture on the properties of crosslinked macroporous copolymers of 4-vinyl pyridine and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, poly (4-VP-co-EGDMA), synthesized by suspension copolymerization was studied. n-Heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, octanol and dodecanol were used the inert component. The porosity parameters of the synthesized copolymers were determined by mercury porosimetry. Morphology of copolymer particles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that all the synthesized poly (4-VP-co-EGDMA) samples have globular structure. Additionaly, our results showed that it was possible to influence the size of the globules, their agglomeration and spatial arrangements and also the porosity parameters of the synthesized copolymers by the changing type and ratio of the inert component in the reaction mixture.U okviru ovoga rada prikazani su rezultati dobijeni izučavanjem uticaja vrste i udela inertne komponente u reakcionoj smeši na svojstava umreženog makro-poroznog kopolimera 4-vinilpiridina i etilenglikoldimetakrilata, poli(4-VP-co-EGDMA), sintetizovanog suspenzionom kopolimerizacijom. U svojstvu inertne komponente korišćeni su: n-heptan, n-oktan, n-nonan, oktanol i dodekanol. Parametri porozne strukture sintetizovanih kopolimera su određivani metodom živine porozimetrije, a morfologija pomoću skenirajućeg elektronskog mikroskopa. Pokazano je da svi sintetizovani uzorci poli(4-VP-co-EGDMA) imaju globularnu strukturu i da se izmenom vrste i udela inertne komponente u reakcionoj smeši može uticati na veličinu globula, njihovu aglomeraciju i raspodelu aglomerata u prostoru, a samim tim i na parametre porozne strukture sintetizovanih kopolimera