A linear programming based heuristic framework for min-max regret combinatorial optimization problems with interval costs

This work deals with a class of problems under interval data uncertainty, namely interval robust-hard problems, composed of interval data min-max regret generalizations of classical NP-hard combinatorial problems modeled as 0-1 integer linear programming problems. These problems are more challenging than other interval data min-max regret problems, as solely computing the cost of any feasible solution requires solving an instance of an NP-hard problem. The state-of-the-art exact algorithms in the literature are based on the generation of a possibly exponential number of cuts. As each cut separation involves the resolution of an NP-hard classical optimization problem, the size of the instances that can be solved efficiently is relatively small. To smooth this issue, we present a modeling technique for interval robust-hard problems in the context of a heuristic framework. The heuristic obtains feasible solutions by exploring dual information of a linearly relaxed model associated with the classical optimization problem counterpart. Computational experiments for interval data min-max regret versions of the restricted shortest path problem and the set covering problem show that our heuristic is able to find optimal or near-optimal solutions and also improves the primal bounds obtained by a state-of-the-art exact algorithm and a 2-approximation procedure for interval data min-max regret problems

Comércio eletrônico: uma análise sobre o arrependimento de compra

O presente estudo tem como objeto a análise sobre a possibilidade de aplicação do direito de arrependimento do consumidor, previsto no art. 49 do CDC, nas relações de consumo concretizadas no ambiente virtual. Como subsidio para o estudo do objeto proposto, serão abordados alguns temas relacionados, como por exemplo, o surgimento da internet e suas implicações no mundo jurídico, o código de defesa do consumidor, seus princípios e aplicação nas relações de consumo virtual. Por fim será analisado o instituto do arrependimento do consumidor e sua aplicação nos contratos eletrônicos, onde serão confrontadas as teorias doutrinárias e a jurisprudência sobre o tema

JAK2-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: comparison of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNPa) findings between two cases

JAK2 mutations are rare in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and JAK2-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients usually have a previous history of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Current advances in laboratory techniques, such as single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNPa) and next-generation sequencing (NGS), have facilitated new insight into the molecular basis of hematologic diseases. Herein, we present two cases of JAK2-mutated AML in which both SNPa and NGS methods added valuable information. Both cases had leukemogenic collaboration, namely, copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH), detected on chromosome 9. One of the cases exhibited both JAK2 and IDH2 mutations, most likely having originated as an MPN with leukemic transformation, while the other case was classified as a de novo AML with JAK2, CEBPA, and FLT3 mutations

A China e a desindustrialização brasileira: um olhar para além da especialização regressiva

The article analyzes how the strengthening of trade relations between Brazil and China, since the 2000s, has caused the deepening of two characteristic phenomena of the Brazilian economy since the 1980s: regressive specialization and deindustrialization. In particular, in addition to the impacts, which have been widely analyzed, regarding the Chinese role in productive specialization in the recent period, it is argued that these effects are extended to the densification of the productive structure. Based on the adaptation of industrial densification indicators – the manufacturing densification coefficient (CDIT) and the relative participation coefficient in the densification (CPRD) – using the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) as a database, the article points out how the Chinese advance occurred transversally (increased participation in all sectors analyzed) and heterogeneous (an important sectorial bias in this Chinese advance is observed) in the Brazilian manufacturingEste artigo analisa como o estreitamento das relações comerciais entre Brasil e China, a partir dos anos 2000, tem causado o aprofundamento de dois fenômenos característicos da economia brasileira desde os anos de 1980: a especialização regressiva e a desindustrialização. Em especial, para além dos impactos a respeito do papel chinês na especialização produtiva no período recente, argumenta-se que esses efeitos são estendidos para o desadensamento da estrutura produtiva. A partir da adaptação de indicadores de desadensamento industrial – coeficiente de desadensamento da indústria de transformação (CDIT) e coeficiente de participação relativa no desadensamento (CPRD) – utilizando como base de dados a World Input-Output Database (WIOD), este estudo aponta como o avanço chinês se deu de forma transversal (aumento da participação em todos os setores analisados) e heterogênea (observa-se um viés setorial) na indústria de transformação brasileira

Robust optimization criteria: state-of-the-art and new issues

Uncertain parameters appear in many optimization problems raised by real-world applications. To handle such problems, several approaches to model uncertainty are available, such as stochastic programming and robust optimization. This study is focused on robust optimization, in particular, the criteria to select and determine a robust solution. We provide an overview on robust optimization criteria and introduce two new classifications criteria for measuring the robustness of both scenarios and solutions. They can be used independently or coupled with classical robust optimization criteria and could work as a complementary tool for intensification in local searches

FasL Expression in Articular Discs of Human Temporomandibular Joint and Association with Osteoarthrosis

Background Apoptosis is a programme of cell death which does not induce an inflammatory response. Recent previous research has suggested a correlation between temporomandibular internal derangement and apoptosis. Fas ligand (FasL) is an apoptosis‐inducing factor, known to trigger apoptosis through distinct signal pathways. This study aims to examine, by immunohistochemistry, the expression of FasL in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articular discs of patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR) in patients with and without osteoarthrosis (OA). Methods Forty‐two (n = 42) TMJ articular discs were divided into two cut‐offs: (i) 8 control, 17 ADDwR, 17 ADDwoR, and (ii) without OA (n = 25) and with OA (n = 17). The area of immunostaining was compared statistically between groups (P \u3c 0.05). Results Statistically significant differences were found in the expression of FasL in TMJ discs between the three groups (P = 0.001). ADDwR presented significant higher FasL expression when compared with ADDwoR (P \u3c 0.001). Significant higher FasL expression was observed in the group without OA (P = 0.001). All patients without OA presented ADDwR, while all the patients with OA presented ADDwoR. Conclusion A higher area of in situ immunostaining of FasL was found in temporomandibular discs with reduction, which is the less severe condition. Moreover, a reduced expression of FasL in the discs of patients with osteoarthrosis was found, suggesting that some aspects of apoptosis might underlie the progression of TMJ disorders

Islet transplantation as a clinical tool: present state and future perspectives

O transplante de ilhotas é um procedimento em desenvolvimento, como alternativa para o tratamento do diabetes tipo 1 que está na fronteira entre o experimental e o clínico. É uma terapia celular na qual as células são implantadas em território diferente do fisiológico em que apenas determinado número incerto conseguirá se adaptar. Aperfeiçoar este processo para obter os mesmos resultados que no transplante de pâncreas, representa um desafio para o qual convergem contribuições da biologia celular, da imunologia e das técnicas de laboratório que se entrelaçam de maneira extremamente complexa. Este trabalho revisa a literatura expondo a evolução do procedimento, a sua metodologia atual e os resultados clínicos obtidos. As perspectivas futuras do transplante diante dos recentes avanços também são discutidas.Islet transplant is an innovative treatment for type 1 diabetic patients, which still lies between experimental and approved transplant therapy. Islet cells are seeded in a non-physiological territory where an uncertain fraction will be able to adapt and survive. Thus, the challenge lies in improving the whole procedure, employing the tools of cell biology, immunology and laboratory techniques, in order to reach the results obtained with whole organ transplant. This review describes the procedure, its progress to the present methodology and clinical results obtained. Future perspectives of islet transplantation in the light of recent biotechnological advances are also focused