図書館における高齢者の資料選択理由の分析

日本の人口における65歳以上の高齢者の割合は年々増加しており、高齢者への対応の取り組みが社会の様々なところで始まっている。図書館でも高齢者サービスの充実が期待されているが、図書館資料の形成方法と高齢者への提供方法の確立は重要な課題の一つである。しかしながら、これまで選書や読書支援等、サービス提供側の図書館についての研究は数多くあるが、高齢者がどのような理由で資料を選ぶのかという利用者の立場からの研究はほとんど行われていない。そこで本研究では、高齢者の資料選択の特徴を明らかにすることを目的とする。本調査では、高齢者と大学生に実際に図書館で自由に資料を選んでもらい、その理由をインタビューで尋ねた。調査の結果、高齢者特有の資料選択行動をいくつか明らかにすることができた。The proportion of adults who are 65 years and older in Japan\u27s population is increasing, and initiatives for supporting the elderly are on the rise in many social fields. Although libraries are also expected to provide full service for the elders, a major obstacle to this effort emerges in the establishment of effective methods for the development of an appropriate collection of material suited to the seniors\u27 preferences. Although research on the selection of books and on readers\u27 advisory has been conducted by many libraries, there has barely been any research done from the point of view of the reader and as to why the elderly choose the materials they do. With this in mind, the current study investigates the information behavior of aging readers from the point of view of material selection and aims to understand the underlying characteristics of the choices they make. For this study, older adults and university students were asked to freely select materials at a library and were interviewed about their decisions. Ultimately, the study was able to clarify some information selection actions specific to older adults

開催趣旨説明 : CMSを利用したデジタルアーカイブの構築

日時：2020年9月11日（金）13時30分-16時30分場所：Zoomによるオンライン開催（筑波大学）主催：筑波大学附属図書館研究開発室共催：筑波大学人文社会国際比較研究機構(ICR

Quality evaluation of digital libraries(<Special feature>Evaluation methods in library and information activities)

本稿は電子図書館の評価を複雑にしている要因を実証的観点から明らかにし,質的評価の重要性を主張する。その上でWebユーザビリティの議論を取り入れながら,「電子図書館としての使い勝手」を導き出す。さらに,電子図書館利用による「知的生産の向上度」を電子図書館のアウトカムとして提案する。This paper argues that quality evaluation is important in developing indicators of measurement of digital libraries. We reveal factors of complexity in digital library services practically, and then lead to usability of digital libraries. In addition, we discuss that progress in intellectual production is a key in digital library outcomes

Construction of 21st Century Archives for the Research Foundation of the Library and Information Professions and Education: Towards a Methodological Synthesis of Library and Information Science and Archival Science

We launched a project aimed to organize and create digital archives for library and information professions that will contribute to both research and education. The archive will comprise historical materials owned by the University of Tsukuba\u27s Graduate School of Library, Information and Media Studies, which shaped the history of the education of library and information professions for most of the 20th century.This project includes the formation of a comprehensive system for collecting and conserving materials and the implementation of a system for their utilization. The aims of this project are twofold: (1) to examine a methodological synthesis of library and information science and archival science and (2) to re-examine the history of the library and information professions and education.Major users of the archives are library and information science researchers specialized in library and information professions and the history of librarianship. This system will establish a multilingual interface for international researchers who are interested in comparing professional development models of education for librarianship. Museum materials will be used for educational content on the history of media technology.There are no precedents for a comprehensive archival system for the education of library and information professions that includes archival documents and museum documents. This archive thus has the potential to serve as an international model for knowledge-sharing on library and information science.Six subordinate cross-disciplinary studies are in progress under the project. They comprise (1) A detailed examination of the collection and oral histories investigation, (2) Information architecture for digital archives, (3) Historical research on library and information professions and education, using archival materials, (4) Modeling, implementation and evaluation of the archive, (5) Modeling of the exhibition space, and (6) Analysis of the research project (museums, libraries and archives collaboration). This poster presentation focuses on studies in progress on (2) Information Architecture for digital archives and (3) Historical research on library and information professions and education, using archival materials.The first study reconsidered “digital archives” to drive forward the project entitled “21st Century Archives for the Research Foundation of the Library and Information Professions and Education.” As a result, digital archives are defined as mapping of the original archives, holding to the principles of provenance, respect for the original order, preservation of the original forms of the archives, and permanent preservation. A real digital archive must be constructed based on an information architecture methodology.Information architecture is the structural design of shared information environments; the art and science of organizing and labeling websites, intranets, online communities and software to support usability and findability. It involves analysis of information context and organization, labeling, navigation and retrieval using a consistent design philosophy. Information design prioritizes how information is presented on a website. Information architecture, on the other hand, is a website construction method that focuses on how to organize information elements. This study aims to achieve faithful mapping between the context of the original resources and electronic resources through the application of information architecture methodology to the establishment of digital archives.In the second study, we adopted the methodology of digital humanities as our analytical scheme to clarify the historical development, current conditions, and future vision of the library and information professions and education. The materials in our archive collections for historical research of librarianship are periodicals, annual reports, minutes of meetings, syllabuses, business diaries, photographs, audio materials, video materials and films. They include unpublished and handwritten materials. Whatever their form, these materials are an aggregation of the memory of the philosophy of an institution and records of past activities. Previous studies have not included these materials due to their uncatalogued nature and often poor state of preservation.We used two illustrative examples that utilize digital archive collections to demonstrate the progress of research. The first attempt was to trace the history of library and information professions focusing on changes in nominal designations of librarians/information professionals. The other was a consideration of the gender issue concerning female librarians, using digital images from the archive. These primary investigations have suggested the potential for reconstructing a discourse on the library and information professions and education.Japanese Association for Digital Humanities Conference 2014, at University of Tsukuba, September 19-21, 2014 (Poster session 2

Shizuku2.0: Cooperative reading support system / Mao Tsunekawa, Haruki Ono, Kyoji Konishi... [et.al].

The paper aims to propose cooperative reading, which is a reading support technique that allows library users to help each other. To achieve cooperative reading, it is necessary for a user to discover others with similar interests. Therefore, this paper also aims to develop and evaluate a recommendation function that recommends similar users using Nippon Decimal Classification (NDC) Tree Profiling. Is the user recommendation using NDC Tree Profiling effective in finding similar users? Which parameter of NDC Tree Profiling method is the most effective expression of users‘ interests? We developed the Shizuku2.0 system to support the creation of a library user community in which users help each other efficiently and mutually. We also designed and developed NDC Tree Profiling, which enables the creation of library user profiles, for the purposes of the user recommendation mechanism. To verify the effect of the user recommendation mechanism, we performed an experiment with 37 student users to calculate recall and precision. We found that the recommendation using NDC Tree Profiling is more effective than a random recommendation. However, we also recognized that there is room for improvement relative to a past information recommendation technique. Moreover, we found the second level of the NDC code could be the most effective expression of users‘ interests. In the discussion of the optimization of parameters, we propose a new way of implementing the NDC Tree, based on the second division of NDC, which is expected to improve creation of user profiles

A Crowdsourcing Approach for Finding Misidentifications of Bibliographic Records

Because there is no perfect technique for automatic identification of bibliographic records, cleaning the identification results manually is indispensable. However, to recruit human resources for the task is often difficult. This paper discusses a microtask-based crowdsourcing approach to the problem. An important issue is to design a good strategy for generating tasks to be assigned to workers, maintaining the quality and reducing the number of tasks. In this study, we explore a design space defined by two criteria to reduce the number of assigned microtasks for finding misidentifications caused by automatic identification techniques. We compare four task-generation strategies using bibliographic records of the National Diet Library. One of the strategies reduced 55.7% of tasks from the baseline strategy and statistic analysis showed that the quality of its result is comparable to those of the other three strategies.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe

Analysis of Digital Libraries Utilization based on Access Log

電子図書館サービスは様々な情報資源や情報探索支援ツールを提供する図書館サービスの一つである。筑波大学附属図書館でも様々な情報探索支援サービスを提供している。なかでも、複数の情報資源を横断的に検索できるMetaLibと書誌事項から論文本体にリンクを生成するSFXは、情報探索の効率を上げるサービスとして期待されている。そこで本研究ではSFXのアクセスログを分析し、MetaLib/SFXの利用実態を明らかにするとともに、電子図書館利用の傾向について考察した。また、電子図書館の利用方法を説明したチュートリアルを作成し、利用促進を図った。その結果、MetaLib/SFXの利用数は緩やかな増加傾向にあること、チュートリアルによって新たな利用者を得ることはできなかったが、電子図書館を既に利用している利用者に対しては、より効果的なサービスに案内する効果があることがわかった