Model of lung cancer surgery risk derived from a Japanese nationwide web-based database of 78 594 patients during 2014–2015

OBJECTIVESUsing data obtained from a Japanese nationwide annual database with web-based data entry, we developed a risk model of mortality and morbidity after lung cancer surgery.METHODSThe characteristics and operative and postoperative data from 80 095 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery were entered into the annual National Clinical Database of Japan data sets for 2014 and 2015. After excluding 1501 patients, the development data set for risk models included 38 277 patients entering in 2014 and the validation data set included 40 317 patients entering in 2015. Receiver–operating characteristic curves were generated for the outcomes of mortality and composite mortality/major morbidity. The concordance index was used to assess the discriminatory ability and validity of the model.RESULTSThe 30-day mortality and overall mortality rates, including in-hospital deaths, were 0.4% and 0.8%, respectively, in 2014, and 0.4% and 0.8%, respectively, in 2015. The rate of major morbidity was 5.6% in 2014 and 5.6% in 2015. Several risk factors were significantly associated with mortality, namely, male sex, performance status, comorbidities of interstitial pneumonia and liver cirrhosis, haemodialysis and the surgical procedure pneumonectomy. The concordance index for mortality and composite mortality/major morbidity was 0.854 (P < 0.001) and 0.718 (P < 0.001), respectively, for the development data set and 0.849 (P < 0.001) and 0.723 (P < 0.001), respectively, for the validation data set.CONCLUSIONSThis model was satisfactory for predicting surgical outcomes after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in Japan and will aid preoperative assessment and improve clinical outcomes for lung cancer surgery

Risk assessments for broncho-pleural fistula and respiratory failure after lung cancer surgery by National Clinical Database Japan

BackgroundBroncho-pleural fistula (BPF) and respiratory failure (RF) are life-threatening complications after lung cancer surgery and can result in long-term hospitalization and decreased quality of life. Risk assessments for BPF and RF in addition to mortality and major morbidities are indispensable in surgical decision-making and perioperative care.MethodsThe characteristics and operative data of 80,095 patients who had undergone lung cancer surgery were derived from the 2014 and 2015 National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan datasets. After excluding 1501 patients, risk models were developed from these data and validated by another dataset for 42,352 patients derived from the 2016 NCD dataset. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for postoperative BPF and RF development. The concordance-index was used to assess the discriminatory ability and validity of the model.ResultsBPF and RF occurred in 259 (0.3%) and 420 patients (0.5%), respectively, in the model development dataset and in 129 (0.3%) and 198 patients (0.5%), respectively, in the model validation dataset. Characteristic variables including types of surgery and comorbidities were identified as risk factors for BPF and RF, respectively. The concordance indexes of assessments for BPF and RF were 0.847 (p < 0.001) and 0.848 (p < 0.001), respectively, for the development dataset and 0.850 (p < 0.001) and 0.844 (p < 0.001), respectively, for the validation dataset.ConclusionsThese models are satisfactory for predicting BPF and RF after lung cancer surgery in Japan and could guide preoperative assessment and optimal measures for preventing BPF and RF

Coincidence analysis to search for inspiraling compact binaries using TAMA300 and LISM data

Japanese laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors, TAMA300 and LISM, performed a coincident observation during 2001. We perform a coincidence analysis to search for inspiraling compact binaries. The length of data used for the coincidence analysis is 275 hours when both TAMA300 and LISM detectors are operated simultaneously. TAMA300 and LISM data are analyzed by matched filtering, and candidates for gravitational wave events are obtained. If there is a true gravitational wave signal, it should appear in both data of detectors with consistent waveforms characterized by masses of stars, amplitude of the signal, the coalescence time and so on. We introduce a set of coincidence conditions of the parameters, and search for coincident events. This procedure reduces the number of fake events considerably, by a factor $\sim 10^{-4}$ compared with the number of fake events in single detector analysis. We find that the number of events after imposing the coincidence conditions is consistent with the number of accidental coincidences produced purely by noise. We thus find no evidence of gravitational wave signals. We obtain an upper limit of 0.046 /hours (CL $= 90$) to the Galactic event rate within 1kpc from the Earth. The method used in this paper can be applied straightforwardly to the case of coincidence observations with more than two detectors with arbitrary arm directions.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures, Replaced with the version to be published in Physical Review

Results of the search for inspiraling compact star binaries from TAMA300's observation in 2000-2004

We analyze the data of TAMA300 detector to search for gravitational waves from inspiraling compact star binaries with masses of the component stars in the range 1-3Msolar. In this analysis, 2705 hours of data, taken during the years 2000-2004, are used for the event search. We combine the results of different observation runs, and obtained a single upper limit on the rate of the coalescence of compact binaries in our Galaxy of 20 per year at a 90% confidence level. In this upper limit, the effect of various systematic errors such like the uncertainty of the background estimation and the calibration of the detector's sensitivity are included.Comment: 8 pages, 4 Postscript figures, uses revtex4.sty The author list was correcte

Observation results by the TAMA300 detector on gravitational wave bursts from stellar-core collapses

We present data-analysis schemes and results of observations with the TAMA300 gravitational-wave detector, targeting burst signals from stellar-core collapse events. In analyses for burst gravitational waves, the detection and fake-reduction schemes are different from well-investigated ones for a chirp-wave analysis, because precise waveform templates are not available. We used an excess-power filter for the extraction of gravitational-wave candidates, and developed two methods for the reduction of fake events caused by non-stationary noises of the detector. These analysis schemes were applied to real data from the TAMA300 interferometric gravitational wave detector. As a result, fake events were reduced by a factor of about 1000 in the best cases. The resultant event candidates were interpreted from an astronomical viewpoint. We set an upper limit of 2.2x10^3 events/sec on the burst gravitational-wave event rate in our Galaxy with a confidence level of 90%. This work sets a milestone and prospects on the search for burst gravitational waves, by establishing an analysis scheme for the observation data from an interferometric gravitational wave detector

Stable Operation of a 300-m Laser Interferometer with Sufficient Sensitivity to Detect Gravitational-Wave Events within our Galaxy

TAMA300, an interferometric gravitational-wave detector with 300-m baseline length, has been developed and operated with sufficient sensitivity to detect gravitational-wave events within our galaxy and sufficient stability for observations; the interferometer was operated for over 10 hours stably and continuously. With a strain-equivalent noise level of $h\sim 5 \times 10^{-21} /\sqrt{\rm Hz}$, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 30 is expected for gravitational waves generated by a coalescence of 1.4 $M_\odot$-1.4 $M_\odot$ binary neutron stars at 10 kpc distance. %In addition, almost all noise sources which limit the sensitivity and which %disturb the stable operation have been identified. We evaluated the stability of the detector sensitivity with a 2-week data-taking run, collecting 160 hours of data to be analyzed in the search for gravitational waves.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

A Parametric Syntax Approach to the Emergence of Non-Agreeing Possessive Appositives in the History of English

In this paper I take up two appositive constructions observed in the history of English, namely, Split Genitive and Non-Agreeing Possessive Appositive (NAPA), and offer an explanation for the emergence of NAPA in the Early ME period (EME). In Split Genitive, both parts of the appositive carry genitive case, while in NAPA only the first part of it does, its second part having no inflection. Lightfoot (1999), for example, gives an account of this fact in terms of the loss of morphological case and the reanalysis of genitive case as a clitic. Allen (2002), on the other hand, accounts for it by associating a principle of Morphological Blocking with an agreement in DP. Certainly, these two analyses are valid for explaining this case, but they cannot unify it with the other diachronic changes discussed in Watanabe (forthcoming) which took place almost simultaneously in the transition form OE to ME. Considering these drawbacks of the two previous analyses, then, I provide an alternative explanation for it in terms of the feature classification parameter proposed by Watanabe.Article

An Explanation for CED Effects from the Derivational Perspective

This paper proposes an analysis for CED effects on the basis of the Phase Impenetrability Condition (PIC) proposed by Chomsky (2001a). According to the PIC, there is an important distinction between edge positions of a phase and its domain. The former is accessible to the computational system in the next strong phase, while the latter is not. For instance, the C head in CP can access the edge positions in vP, but not the elements in VP. In this way, edge positions of a phase function as 'an escape hatch'in the framework of Chomsky (2001a). Uriagereka (2002 : Chapter 3 & 4), on the other hand, defines the accessibility to the computation in terms of the Multiple Spell-out. He argues that once Spell-out is applied to a syntactic object XP, it is no longer accessible to the computational system. Thus, after Spell-out applies to a complex DP subject, the internal elements in the DP can no longer be accessed by the computation. Based on this assumption, he explains the ungrammaticality observed in extraction out of complex subjects or adjunct phrases. Taking account of these authors'viewpoints, then, I will propose a condition on Spell-out and show that this condition makes correct predictions for not only CED effects but also other extraction phenomena in Modern German

ネガティブ フィードバック オ トモナウ ヒト チオレドキシン ノ Tサイボウ カラノ レドックス オウトウセイ ブンピ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第10713号医博第2697号新制||医||856(附属図書館)UT51-2004-G560京都大学大学院医学研究科病理系専攻(主査)教授 湊 長博, 教授 内山 卓, 教授 淀井 淳司学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDA