Nutritional Composition of Strobilanthes Crispus Juice and its Effects on Hyperglycaemia, Hyperlipidemia, Wound Healing and Toxicity in Rats

Strobilanthes crispus juice is reported to have good medicinal properties for treating diabetes mellitus and wound healing. The first part of this study evaluated the effect of S. crispus juice on hyperglycaemic, hyperlipidemic and antioxidant enzymes in normal and STZ-induced hyperglycaemic male and female rats at dosages of 140, 210 and 280 mg/kg of body weight (bw) for 30 days. Serum glucose, lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were determined on day 0, day 15 and day 30. The result showed that significant decrease of serum glucose levels in male and female diabetic rats with treated glibenclamide and all groups treated with 140, 210 and 280 mg/kg bw of S. crispus juice on days 15 and 30 when compared to control group and baseline data (zero day). The highest reduction of glucose level was 80.9 % on day 30 in male diabetic group treated with 280 mg/kg bw S. crispus juice, followed by 78.9 % reduction in group treated with 210 mg/kg bw, and 67.4 % reduction in group treated with 140 mg/kg bw of S. crispus juice. In female diabetic groups, reduction of glucose level was 78.2 %, 68.9 % and 68.6 % in groups treated with 140, 210 and 280 mg/kg bw of S. crispus juice respectively. Administration of S. crispus juice also reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDLcholesterol; increased HDL-cholesterol, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in STZ-induced diabetic and normal rats. Second part of this study was to determine the effect of S. crispus juice on wound healing and antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) in normal and diabetic rats. Three levels of dosage (70, 100 and 140 mg/kg of body weight) were orally and repeatedly administered for 7 days. Mid-dorsal linear incisions of 2 cm in length were made on each animal. The results showed that supplementation of S. crispus juice enhances wound closure in normal and diabetic rats. Glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were increased in diabetic group treated with S. crispus juice. Third part of this study investigated the proximate composition, vitamin and mineral contents of Strobilanthes crispus juice. The proximate analysis showed that S. crispus juice contained high moisture (75.01 %), carbohydrate content (33.47 %) and dietary fibre (12.29 g/100g). The contents of vitamin A, C and E in S. crispus juice were found to be 2.32 mg/100g, 9.37 mg/100g and 5.89 mg/100g respectively. S. crispus juice was found high in minerals including, sodium (37.21 mg/100g), potassium (124.99 mg/100g), calcium (172.88 mg/100g), ferum (0.57 mg/100g), phosphorus (8.18 mg/100g), magnesium (27.86 mg/100g), copper (0.14 mg/100g) and zinc (1.49 mg/100g). The fourth part of this study evaluated the acute toxicity of S.crispus juice. The LD50 was determined with four different dosages of S. crispus juice (700, 2100, 3500 and 4900 mg/kg of body weight) administered orally to normal female and male rats. The rats were treated with a single dose of juice and toxic effects were observed within 7 days. The results showed that no death or toxicity signs were observed in LD50 tested in normal rats. In the blood chemistry tests, no significant changes (p<0.05) were observed for most parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and albumin) tested in normal rats. The 30 days toxicity effect were determined by the repeated dosing study using normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats of both sexes. Three level of dosage (140, 210 and 280 mg/kg of body weight) were orally and repeatedly administered for 30 days. The results showed that no significant changes in general behaviour, body weight and organ weight. No differences were noted between the test and control groups in haematological, macroscopic and histopathological findings. The administration of S. crispus juice to normal rats revealed insignificant change in liver and kidney functions, but significant reduction of aspartate aminotransferase (group female and male rats with administration 280 mg/kg b.w. of S. crispus juice), alanine aminotransferase (group female rats with 280 mg/kg b.w. of S. crispus juice) and alkaline phosphatase (group female rats with 210 mg/kg b.w. of S. crispus juice). In streptozotocin-induced diabetes, the rise in blood glucose is accompanied by an increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatinine. After the administration of diabetic rats with S. crispus juice for 30 days, there was a significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP and creatinine. In conclusion, S. crispus juice has high nutritional value and found non-toxic. It shows potential as an antidiabetic drink and additional nutraceutical supplement for wound healing for diabetic patients

Mathematical modeling of brain tumor cell growth for passive, active and oxygen transport mechanism with microgravity condition / Norfarizan Mohd Said

The unpredictable conduct of the brain tumor cells present difficulties in creating precise models. The limitation of medical imaging in forecasting the nature of the tumor growth and the costly techniques for diagnostic and treatment posed an obstacle to the effort in understanding and fighting this life-threatening disease. As the tumor itself can only be detected and treated through the biological process, a good mathematical model should represent the important biological aspects with useful solution that contribute to further understanding of the problem. Addressing the current challenges in developing a realistic model by bridging the theoretical with the clinical applications, this research aims to govern mathematical models for brain tumor cell growth by emphasizing the cell migration and proliferation as the key characteristics. The models of passive and active cell mechanisms are representing the tumor cell migration while the model of oxygen transport mechanism configures the cell proliferation. New parameters for oxygen and gravity effects are included as the model novelty. The conditions of microgravity and oxygen deprivation are presented using the microscopic model of the tumor cellular dynamics. The models developed are in the form of parabolic equations which is discretized using the Finite Difference Method (FDM) with weighted average approximation. Numerical iterative methods, namely Jacobi (JAC), Red-Black Gauss-Seidel (RBGS), Red-Black Successive Over Relaxation (RBSOR) and Alternating Group Explicit (AGE) method are used to solve the discretized models

Sains Tumbuhan: Khasiat Belimbing Pasir

Malaysia negara tropika yang kaya dengan tumbuhan herba. Secara biasanya, herba digunakan dalam perubatan traditional

Sains Permakanan: Makanan Berfungsi

Kebanyakan pakar farmakologi mengakui bahawa permakanan penting unluk kesihatan dan kesejahteraan. Pada tahun 500 sebelum masihi, hubungan antara farmakologi dengan pemakanan adalah rapat sebagaimana yang dinyatakan oleh Hippocrates, 'Biarkan makanan menjadi ubat anda dan biarkan ubat meniadi makanan anda. Hanya rawatan semulajadi yang memenuhi kritera tersebut.' Orang Yunan kuno membahagikan perubatan kepada tiga kategori, atau diet, farmasi dan perubatan surgeri. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa adalah makanan sebahagian daripada perubatan yang diamalkan. Dalam sistem perubatan tradisional seperti Ayurveda dan perubatan tradisional Cina, juga tidak ada perbezaan antara makanan dengan ubalan ialtu rnakanan adalah bahagan yang penting untuk mencegah penyakit dan menjaga kesihatan

Sains Kesihatan: Kimia Bahaya dalam Makanan proses

Bahan kimia yang menyebabkan kanser ditemui dalam pelbagai jenis makanan termasuk kerepe

Effects of Strobilanthes crispus juice on wound healing and antioxidant enzymes in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of Strobilanthes crispus Juice (SCJ) on wound healing and antioxidative enzymes activity in normal and streptozotocin-induced rats. A total of 48 male albino Sprague dawley rats, weight 150-200 g were used. The rats were divided into 8 groups with 6 rats in each group. The healing of 2 cm linear incisions created on the back of each rat was monitored by measuring the length of the wounds daily. The result showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the percentage of wound healing at day 3 and 7 in the treated group especially treated with 140 mg kg-1 b.wt. of S. crispus juice in diabetic and normal rats compared with the control. Strobilanthes crispus juice increased significantly p (<0.05) of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in treated group in diabetic rats. Significant correlation was found between wound healing, GPx and SOD enzymes. In conclusion, S. crispus juice enhanced wound healing in normal and diabetic rats

Kimia: kopi manfaat atau mudarat?

Pengambilan kopi merangkumi antara 70 % hingga 80 % populasi dunia. Menurut Pertubuhan Makanan dan Pertanian (FAO), pengambilan global kopi mencapai lebih kurang tujuh juta tan setahun. Popularitinya dapat dikaitkan dengan rasa aroma dan kesan kafein

Sains Pemakanan: Kacang Lindungi Jantung?

Tidak banyak orang yang mengetahui bahawa kacang selalunya dimakan ketika bersantai mempunyai khasiat dan penawar pelbagai penyakit

Fatty Acid Profiles and Cholesterol Composition of Venison from Farmed Deer

It is important to evaluate venison characteristics as a new high quality red meat in the meat marketing system. This information is vital to ensure their commercial success and dietary benefits. The aim of this study is to determine the venison quality from farmed deer according to cuts or muscles based on fatty acid profiles and cholesterol content and to do comparative study on venison quality between species of farmed deer (rusa, sarnbar, fallow and imported red deer) and feeding regimens, i.e., grass-fed vs concentrate-fed venison. The samples of venison were derived from javan rusa (Cervus timorensis russa), moluccan rusa (Cervus timorensis moluccensis), sarnbar (Cervus unicolor brookei), fallow (Dama dama) and imported red deer (Cervus elaphus). Moluccan rusa and red deer were grass-fed deer. Javan rusa, sambar and fallow deer were concentrate-fed deer. Cholesterol content in Longissimus Dorsi (LD) muscles of sambar, fallow and rusa deer were 75.36, 76.61 and 77.58 mg l00g- 1 of fresh venison, respectively. Cholesterol content in Biceps Femoris (BF) muscles of moluccan rusa, sambar, fallow and red deer were 56.61, 59.26, 86.37 and 98.44 mg 100g-1 of fresh venison, respectively. Concentrate-fed deer LD and Psoas Major (PM) muscles show higher C18:2 (n-6) than grass-fed deer. Grass-fed rusa deer shows the highest C18:3 (n- 3) percentages in PM muscle. Grass-fed rusa and red deer gave an ideal n-6:n-3 ratio of less than 5. Species of deer did not influence n-6:n-3 ratio and fatty acid composition in venison. Feeding regimens (grass-fed vs concentrate-fed) significantly (p<O.05) influence n-6:n-3 ratio, fatty acid profiles and cholesterol content in the venison of farmed deer in this study

Fitokimia: Kunyit sebagai antikanser

Kunyit merupakan rizom daripada pokok Curcuma longa L Pokok ini ditemui di belukar dan semak samun. Kunyit berasal dari Asia Tenggara dan Asia Selatan, tetapi kini ditanam untuk tujuan komersial di India, China, Indonesia dan Indochina