Experiência da imigração da mulher latina trabalhadora em Alicante, Espanha - estudo etnográfico

Objective: to describe the experience of Latin American working women regarding immigration, taking into account the expectations and conditions in which this process takes place. Method: ethnographic qualitative study. Data collection was performed by means of semi-structured interviews with 24 Latin American immigrant women in Spain. The information collected was triangulated through two focal groups. Results: the expectations of migrant women focus on improving family living conditions. Social support is essential for their settling and to perform daily life activities. They declare they have adapted to the settlement country, although they live with stress. They perceive they have greater sexual freedom and power with their partners but keep greater responsibility in childcare, combining that with the role of working woman. Conclusions: migrant women play a key role in the survival of households, they build and create new meanings about being a woman, their understanding of life, their social and couple relationships. Such importance is shaped by their expectations and the conditions in which the migration process takes place, as well as their work integration.Objetivo: describir la experiencia de la mujer latina trabajadora de la inmigración, considerando las expectativas y condiciones en que se da este proceso. Método: corresponde a un estudio cualitativo de corte etnográfico. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 24 mujeres latinas inmigrantes en España. Se trianguló la información recogida a través de dos grupos focales. Resultados: las expectativas de las mujeres migrantes se enfocan en mejorar las condiciones de vida familiar. El apoyo social es fundamental para su asentamiento y para el desempeño de actividades de la vida diaria. Refieren estar adaptadas en el país de asentamiento, aunque viven con estrés. Se perciben con mayor libertad sexual y poder con sus parejas pero mantienen una mayor responsabilidad en el cuidado de los hijos, aunado al rol de mujer trabajadora. Conclusiones: las mujeres migrantes juegan un papel central en la supervivencia de los hogares, construyen y crean nuevos significados acerca de ser mujer, su concepción de la vida, las relaciones sociales y de pareja. Tal significación está moldeada por las expectativas y las condiciones en que se da el proceso migratorio, así como su inserción laboral

Applying Qualitative Research to Develop a Guide for Parents of Newborns With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of neonatal mortality and permanent disability in surviving newborns. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only effective intervention to reduce these outcomes. Being a parent of these babies is a traumatic and strenuous event. To address these difficulties, parents need information and support. The aim of this article is to describe a qualitative methodological process followed to develop a guide for parents of a newborn with HIE receiving TH as an addendum to clinical practice guidelines. The guide based on the experience of parents of newborns with HIE is presented as 16 meaningful questions and a glossary. It provides information to parents about HIE, treatment and care, future outcomes, and coping strategies. The final version, in Spanish and English, has a didactic format with simple wording, parents’ verbatim queries, and illustrations made expressly for the guide. Furthermore, we think showing the methodological process we followed to develop the guide, detailing the difficulties that arose in doing so, and making the reflexivity of the researchers explicit may provide support for other teams undertaking similar projects. Likewise, this article illustrates in a practical way how the perspective of family can be incorporated into clinical practice guidelines.Parents’ guide was part of the Spanish National Health System Clinical Practice Guideline on perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Funding was received for the development of it from the Institute of Health and the Health Quality and Assessment Agency of Catalonia. It has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Health, Social Services, and Equality (PIC-108-13)

Adequacy of Parenteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants According to Current Recommendations: A Study in A Spanish Hospital

Background: In preterm infants, it is important to ensure adequate nutritional intake to accomplish foetal growth requirements. This study evaluated clinical practice regarding the prescription of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants in the neonatology unit of a tertiary hospital. Methods: It was a retrospective observational study of a sample of preterm infants (n = 155) born between January 2015 and December 2017 who were prescribed parenteral nutrition. Compliance with the hospital’s protocol and with the guidelines of the scientific societies American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Spanish Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) was evaluated. The differences in macronutrient intake and total duration of parenteral nutrition were analysed according to gestational age and birth weight. Results: The established protocol was followed in a high percentage (95.5%–100%) except with respect to the initiation of supplying established trace elements (64.9%). Compliance with the recommendations set forth in the guidelines was between 82.1% and 100%, with the exception of the initial carbohydrate intake recommended by ASPEN and ESPEN, for which compliance was 8.3%. Lower gestational age and birth weight were correlated with longer duration of parenteral nutrition (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A lower gestational age and birth weight are related to a longer duration of parenteral nutrition. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of developing and evaluating protocols in clinical practice

Methodology review for writing and publishing case report: applications on the nutrition field

Introducción: en la actualidad, los casos clínicos suponen una importante herramienta docente con aplicaciones prácticas y contribuyen a la expansión del conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivos: revisar la metodología de elaboración de casos clínicos, mostrando las similitudes y diferencias en los criterios de formato y contenido que son solicitados para que los reportes de casos sean publicados. Metodología: revisión bibliográfica en PubMed y Scielo entre 2005-2015, y rastreo manual de aquellas referencias más relevantes de los artículos seleccionados. Criterios de inclusión: artículos originales/revisiones bibliográficas en inglés/español/portugués publicados en cualquier país y que incluyan guías o recomendaciones sobre la redacción de casos clínicos. Resultados: se encontraron 131 artículos, de ellos, 20 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, añadiendo cinco artículos por rastreo manual. Las variables descritas fueron: objetivo, recomendaciones y conclusiones, presentadas en tres tablas: 1. Publicaciones referentes internacionales; 2. Revistas internacionales y 3. Revistas latinoamericanas. Discusión: existen referentes internacionales que proporcionan directrices muy concretas cuando se precisa escribir y publicar un caso clínico. Tanto los referentes internacionales como las recomendaciones analizadas son coincidentes en su utilidad, aunque no existe una estandarización en su metodología. Son muy pocas las directrices que mencionan incluir el tratamiento dietético, el seguimiento y la evolución del mismo durante la situación clínica. Conclusiones: se recomienda a los autores interesados en describir un caso clínico cuyo tratamiento sea principalmente nutricional, seguir una guía ajustada a la situación clínica a presentar, siendo la guía CARE una buena opción.Introduction: currently, case reports are an important teaching tool with practical applications and contribute to the expansion of knowledge of health professionals. Objective: to review the methodology of developing case reports, showing similarities and differences in format and content criteria that are requested for case reports to be published. Methodology: literature review in PubMed and Scielo between 2005-2015 and manual tracing of the most relevant references of selected articles. Inclusion criteria: original articles / literature reviews in English / Spanish / Portuguese published in any country and include guidelines or recommendations for the drafting of clinical cases. Results: we found 131 articles, 20 met the inclusion criteria, adding 5 articles by manually tracing. The variables were described: objective, conclusions and recommendations presented in 3 tables; 1. International guide publication; 2. International journals and 3. Latin American journals. Discussion: there are international benchmarks that provide when required to write and publish a case report very specific guidelines. Both international benchmarks analyzed the recommendations are consistent in their usefulness but there is no standardization in its methodology. Very few guidelines mentioned include dietary management, monitoring and evolution in the clinical situation

La epidemiología como fundamento del diseño curricular de enfermería en salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes y jóvenes

Background: The nurse training in subjects of the maternal and child area has as objectives of learning, the health of the child and adolescent, taking care of their needs, but the aspects of prevention of sexual and reproductive health in young people and adolescents are left aside. Methods: The various nurse training programs in Spain have been reviewed, as well as the current epidemiological data in which it shows that these diseases and abortions and pregnancies have increased in young people and adolescents, a situation that has motivated the research team to raise the need for modify the nurse training program, taking into account the epidemiological needs that affect this population, training to prevent situations in these ages that may affect their physical and emotional health in relation to sexuality, sexual health and reproductive health. Discussion: In our results of the needs detected in the bibliography and the contents of the curricula of the different nursing faculties are not in accordance with the epidemiological needs observed. It is proposed to define and extend the concept of health of the WHO, to adolescents and young people, since they have experiences of their own health to their environment, culture, political, economic and even moral conditions, which must be kept in mind at the time of offer training, prevention, assistance, emotional support and treatment. Conclusion: It is necessary to investigate the knowledge that students have about these aspects and propose modifications in the curriculum according to the detected needs, the importance of training in prevention and in emotional aspects of the adolescent's nursing consultation.Introducción: La formación enfermera en asignaturas del área materno-infantil tiene como objetivos de aprendizaje, la salud del niño y el adolescente, cuidando de sus necesidades, pero se dejan de lado los aspectos de prevención de la salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes y jóvenes. Métodos: Se han revisado los diversos programas de formación enfermera en España, así como los datos epidemiológicos actuales en los que demuestra que estas enfermedades y los abortos y embarazos se han incrementado en adolescentes y jóvenes, situación que ha motivado al equipo investigador a plantear la necesidad de modificar el programa de formación enfermera, atendiendo a las necesidades epidemiológicas que afectan a esta población, capacitando para prevenir en estas edades situaciones que puedan afectar su salud física y emocional con relación a la sexualidad, la salud sexual y la salud reproductiva. Discusión: En nuestros resultados de las necesidades detectadas en la bibliografía y los contenidos de los currículos de las distintas facultades de enfermería no están acordes con las necesidades epidemiológicas constatadas. Se plantean definir y ampliar el concepto de salud de la OMS, a los adolescentes y jóvenes, pues estos tienen vivencias de su salud propias a su entorno, cultura, condiciones políticas, económicas e incluso morales, que hay que tener presente a la hora de ofrecerles formación, prevención, asistencia, acompañamiento emocional y tratamiento. Conclusión: Es necesario investigar los conocimientos que sobre estos aspectos poseen los estudiantes y proponer modificaciones en el currículum acordes a las necesidades detectadas, a la importancia de formar en prevención y en aspectos emocionales de la consulta enfermería del adolescente

Emotional intelligence during clinical practices of nursing students. An approach from educational anthropology applied to clinical practices

Las emociones y sentimientos durante las prácticas clínicas de los estudiantes de enfermería están integrados en el currículum oculto. Objetivos: contribuir a la concienciación de las emociones y sentimientos que convergen en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento durante las prácticas clínicas. Método: Se utilizó la escala TMMS - 24 para valorar la inteligencia emocional y una entrevista abierta. Se han implementado con 40 alumnos. Se muestran resultados positivos respecto a la percepción, regulación y comprensión emocional. Conclusiones: La escala TMMS - 24 resulta pertinente para valorar la Inteligencia Emocional, pero es aconsejable emplear estudios cualitativos para profundizar en un fenómeno tan complejo.Emotions and feelings during the clinical practices of nursing students are integrated into the hidden curriculum. Objectives: to contribute to the awareness of the emotions and feelings that converge in the process of knowledge construction during clinical practices. Method: The TMMS - 24 scale was used to assess emotional intelligence and an open interview. They have been implemented with 40 students. Positive results are shown regarding perception, regulation and emotional understanding. Conclusions: The TMMS - 24 scale is relevant to assess Emotional Intelligence, but it is advisable to use qualitative studies to delve into such a complex phenomenon.Este trabajo se enmarca en el seno del Programa Redes-I3CE de investigación en docencia universitaria del Vicerrectorado de Calidad e Innovación Educativa-Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Alicante (convocatoria 2016 - 17), Ref.:3826/ Proyecto Antropología educativa aplicada a las prácticas clínicas

Dataset for estimation of muscle Dysmorphia in individuals from Colombia

This paper presents data collected through a questionnaire for the estimation of body dysmorphic disorder known as vigorexy, weight level and levels of exercise dependence in individuals from Barranquilla, Colombia who attend local gyms, based on their physical activity, food supplements eating habits, psychological pressure, and risk of muscle dysmorphia. The Data contains 8 tributes and 200 records; labelling obesity range according to WHO into normal, overweight or obesity. All data was collected in person and directly from users. This data can be used to generate scientific research and intelligent computational tools to identify the obesity level and muscle dysmorphia risk of an individual and to build recommender systems that monitor health and mental status

Book Review: Shari'ah Maxims Modern Applications in Islamic Finance by Muhammad Tahir Mansoori

Shari'ah Maxims Modern Applications in Islamic Finance by Muhammad Tahir Mansoori is a second updated and revised edition of his previous work published under the same title in 2007. It is, perhaps, the first text book on Shari'ah maxims with modern application in Islamic finance. The author’s simple language and his lucid style are highly suitable for this purpose. The knowledge of Shari'ah maxim will surely help the students and decision makers develop insights in new economic matters and reach correct conclusions