Opportunities for polymer-based nanowires in optoelectronics and nanophotonics

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Opportunities for polymer-based nanowires in optoelectronics and nanophotonics

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Réactions de couplage entre un composé organomagnésien et un phosphate d'énol en présence d'une quantité catalytique de sel de fer

CERGY PONTOISE-BU Neuville (951272102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Neutropénies des transplantés rénaux CMV D+/R- (étude rétrospective de l'incidence, des facteurs de risques et des conséquences)

Les neutropénies dans la première année post-transplantation rénale (NPT) sont fréquentes, particulièrement chez les patients CMV D+/R-. Sur les 93 patients CMV D+/R- inclus dans notre étude rétrospective, 72 (77,4%) ont présenté au moins un épisode de NPT. La médiane de survenue était de 94 jours. Le seul facteur de risque retrouvé était un nombre de polynucléaires neutrophiles plus bas dans les 1ers jours de greffe dans le groupe NPT+. En revanche, aucunes différences en matière de traitements et de posologies quotidiennes ou totales d'acide mycophénolique (MPA) ou de valganciclovir (VGC) n'ont été mises en évidence. Les AUC du MPA au moment de la NPT n'étaient pas différentes entre les 2 groupes. Les complications infectieuses étaient plus fréquentes dans le groupe NPT+. Après arrêt du VGC, les primo-infections CMV étaient plus précoces dans le groupe NPT+. Cinq rejets aigus sont survenus dans les 3 mois suivant la NPT versus aucun sur la même période de greffe dans le groupe NPT-.First year post-transplant neutropenia (PTN) is frequent, especially for patients CMV D+/R-. On the 93 patients CMV D+/R- included in our retrospective study, 72 (77.4%) had at least one PTN episode. Median time to PTN was 94 days. The only identified risk factor was a lower neutrophil count in the first days after transplantation in the neutropenia group. No differences were seen between treatments or daily or total doses of MPA or VGC. MPA AUC at the time of PTN were not different between groups. Infections were more frequent in the neutropenia group. After VGC stop, CMV primo-infections happened earlier in the neutropenia group. Five acute rejections occurred in the 3 months after PTN and none for the same period of transplantation in the no neutropenia group.RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Opinion of French nephrologists on renal replacement therapy: survey on their personal choice

International audienceBackground In France, like in most developed countries, peritoneal dialysis (PD) is less used than haemodialysis (HD). This is not based on medical evidence supporting HD superiority. As the practitioner's opinion is important to patients and may influence their treatment choice, we conducted a survey among French nephrologists to determine which renal replacement therapy (RRT) they would choose if they had end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods We e-mailed a self-administered questionnaire to all members of the French-speaking Nephrology Society between 19 October 2008 and 12 January 2009. We then selected from the French Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (REIN) registry a reference population of 20- to 64-year-old patients with ESRD who began RRT [HD, PD or pre-emptive transplantation, (PT)] in 2008. Results The survey response rate was 17.8%. Results showed that 59.6% of respondents chose early inscription on the transplantation waiting list in view of PT, 20.2% selected HD and 20.2% selected PD. When dialysis was the only choice, 50.2% chose HD and 49.8% chose PD. Younger nephrologists (≤44 years old) selected PD more frequently than older nephrologists (≥45 years old) (58.9 versus 40.5%; P \textless 0.01). Similarly, PD was chosen more often by nephrologists from regions with ‘more PD’ than from regions with ‘less PD’ (79.0 versus 48.8%; P \textless 0.05). The nephrologists' choices were different from the RTT distribution among the reference population: 81.7% HD, 10.1% PD and 8.2% PT. Conclusion Our survey on the theoretical choice of RTT suggests that the low PD rate in France cannot be explained by a negative opinion of PD among French nephrologist

Drug-Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis with Nifedipine

International audienceBackground. Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a frequent cause of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Drug hypersensitivity is the most common etiology and the list of drugs that can induce AIN is not exhaustive yet. Case Report. Here, we describe the case of a 43-year-old man who was treated with nifedipine (Adalate®) for Raynaud's syndrome. After nifedipine introduction, serum creatininemia progressively increased from 91 to 188 μmol/L in a few months and AKI was diagnosed. Laboratory work-up results indicated the presence of tubular proteinuria and nonspecific inflammatory syndrome. Histological analysis found granulomatous interstitial nephropathy without necrosis in 20% of the kidney biopsy without immunofluorescent deposit. Nifedipine was stopped and corticosteroid treatment was started with a rapid but incomplete reduction of serum creatininemia level to 106 μmol/L. Conclusion. This is the first case of AIN caused by nifedipin

Three kidneys, two diseases, one antibody?

International audienceAnti-factor H antibody has been recently described as responsible for thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) as well as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). We report here, for the first time, the case of a woman with an anti-factor H antibody, who developed MPGN on native kidney, rapid recurrence on first graft, and TMA on second graft despite immunosuppressive therapy and plasma exchanges. This case supports the hypothesis that MPGN and TMA are closely linked by common pathogenic mechanisms and the need for complete exploration of complement pathway including factor H activity and autoantibody in front of any MPGN

Among CMV-positive renal transplant patients receiving non-T-cell depleting induction, the absence of CMV disease prevention is a safe strategy: a retrospective cohort of 372 patients

International audienceCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen affecting renal transplant recipients, especially in the first months. CMV-seropositive renal transplant recipients (CMV R+) are at intermediate risk for CMV disease, but this risk is enhanced among CMV R+ receiving T-cell depleting induction, compared to CMV R+ receiving non-depleting induction. In this second group, data in favour of prophylactic antiviral treatment with valganciclovir to reduce CMV disease is sparse. In this retrospective and multicentric trial, we included 372 CMV R+ transplanted between January 2012 and April 2015 and receiving non-depleting induction. During the first year following transplantation, CMV disease occurred in 5/222 patients (2.25%) in the prophylaxis group and 9/150 (6%) in the no-prophylaxis group (difference + 3.7; 95%CI - 0.5 to 8; p=0.002 for non-inferiority). The incidence of allograft rejection and other infectious diseases was similar between the 2 groups. Graft and patient survival were similar at the end of follow-up. In conclusion, the absence of prophylaxis did not appear to have a deleterious effect for CMV diseases among CMV R+ receiving non-depleting induction

Anti-VEGF Therapy Induces Proteinuria through Endothelial Disorganization Leading to Nephrin Decrease in Podocytes

Background: VEGF is involved in cancer development by stimulating neo-angiogenesis and tumor proliferation. Anti-angiogenic therapies, especially tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib, have significantly improved cancer prognosis. Nevertheless, renal side effects, such as proteinuria and thrombotic microangiopathy, have been reported. The underlying physiopathological mechanisms remain unclear, but animal models and clinical similarities with preeclampsia suggest that such therapies affect the function of the endothelial and&nbsp; &nbsp; pithelial layers of the glomerular basement membrane, with activation of the endothelin&nbsp; ignaling system and loss of glomerular slit diaphragm integrity.The aim of this in vitro study&nbsp; as to determine sunitinib effects on normal podocytes and glomerular endothelial cells.Methods: The glomerular microvascular endothelial (GMVEC) and human glomerular&nbsp; isceral epithelial (hGVE) cell lines were incubated with various doses of sunitinib. The MTT Cell Proliferation Assay was used to assess cell proliferation. Expression of nephrin (a major slit diaphragm protein) and endothelin was evaluated by immunofluorescence or western blotting assays.Results: Sunitinib inhibited GMVEC and hGVE cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In GMVEC cells, endothelin transcription and secretion were increased after incubation with sunitinib. Conversely, in hGVE cells, sunitinib did not affect nephrin expression. However, conditioned medium from GMVEC cells incubated with sunitinib modified nephrin expression when added to the culture medium of hVGE cells. This effect was inhibited by pre-incubating hGVE cells with an endothelin inhibitor.Conclusion: This study suggests an indirect toxicity of sunitinib on podocytes through endothelin. Therefore, sunitinib-induced renal side effects could be controlled with endothelin inhibitors.</p

Is home blood pressure monitoring feasible and well accepted in nephrectomized patients for renal cancer? (STAFF study).

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