Shade effect on growth, yield, and shade tolerance of three peanut cultivars

Peanut, which is commonly planted in interculture and intercropping system, often suffers from shading caused by associated plants. This experiment aimed to study the effect of different shade levels of three peanut cultivars on the growth and seed yield, also to determine the shade-tolerant cultivar. A pot experiment was done at the Research Station of Agriculture Faculty Universitas Winaya Mukti since July until October 2016 by creating 50%, 65%, and 75% artificial shade levels during the lifetime of Tuban, Jepara, and Bima cultivars. The shade significantly affected on number of trifoliate leaves, number of branches, plant dry weight, yield components (number of pods, number of filled pods, and number of seeds), dry weight of pod, and seed weight per plant. The cultivar gave same effect on the growth and seed yield per plant. Based on Stress Tolerance Index (STI) analysis on the seed dry weight per plant, only Tuban cultivar showed great tolerance of 65% shade of natural light. Overall, the whole  cutivars tested were sensitive on 75% shade level.                                                       ABSTRAKKacang tanah yang biasa ditanam pada sistem tumpangsari dan interkultur, sering ternaungi karena berasosiasi dengan tanaman lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh  naungan yang berbeda pada tiga kultivar kacang tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil, serta mendapatkan kultivar kacang tanah yang toleran terhadap naungan. Percobaan pot dilakukan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Winaya Mukti  dari  bulan Juli sampai dengan Oktober 2016. Perlakuan percobaan adalah perbedaan naungan (tanpa naungan, naungan 50%, 65% dan 75%) selama siklus hidup tiga kultivar tanaman kacang tanah  (Tuban, Jepara dan Bima). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa naungan memengaruhi jumlah daun trifoliat, jumlah cabang, bobot kering tanaman, komponen hasil (jumlah polong, jumlah polong isi, dan jumlah biji), bobot kering polong dan bobot kering biji per tanaman. Kultivar memberikan efek yang sama terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil per tanaman. Berdasarkan analisis Stress Tolerance Index (STI) terhadap bobot kering per tanaman, hanya kultivar Tuban yang toleran pada naungan 65%. Semua kultivar peka terhadap naungan 75%

PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG TANAH VARIETAS KIDANG AKIBAT APLIKASI KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR

Suatu penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan mempelajari pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang tanah varietas Kidang akibat aplikasi konsentrasi pupuk organik Cair (POC). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Praktek SPP-SPMA Cianjur Kecamatan Cilaku Kabupaten Cianjur dengan ketinggian tempat 450 m di atas permukaan laut dan ordo tanah Inceptisol.  Penelitian ini bersifat verifikatif dengan melakukan percobaan dengan menggunakan rancangan lingkungan Rancangan Acak Kelompok.  Perlakuan percobaan adalah konsentrasi POC yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan, yaitu tanpa POC, 1 ml L-1, 2 ml L-1, 3 ml L-1, dan 4 ml L-1.  Tiap perlakuan diulang lima kali.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan  bahwa aplikasi konsentrasi POC memberikan efek berbeda terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun trifoliatus, jumlah polong per tanaman, persentase polong bernas, bobot polong bernas per tanaman dan per petak, bobot biji kering per tanaman dan per petak serta bobot 100 butir biji.  Aplikasi POC dengan konsentrasi 4 ml L-1 memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun lebih baik tetapi terhadap komponen hasil dan  hasil tanaman kacang tanah efeknya sama dibandingkan dengan aplikasi POC dengan konsentrasi 2 ml L-1 dan 3 ml L-1.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Naphthalene Acetic Acid dan Benzil Amino Purin terhadap Pertumbuhan Protokorm Anggrek Dendrobium spectabile pada Kultur In Vitro

The aim of the article is to study the interaction effect between NAA and BAP concentration on protocorm growth and to know the proper concentration for growth of Dendrobium  spectabile  orchid protocorm. This research method using an experimental method which is conducted in the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Winaya Mukti University, Tanjungsari Subdistrict, Sumedang District. The experiment was conducted from June 2017 until September 2017. The experiment used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the factorial pattern, consisting of two factors and repeated twice. the first factor was the effect of NAA concentration which consisted of five levels, namely without NAA, 0.5 mg kg-1, 1.0 mg kg-1, 1.5 mg kg-1, and 2.0 mg kg-1.  The second factor is the BAP concentration which consists of five levels, namel without BAP, 1.0 mg kg-1, 2.0 mg kg-1, 3.0 mg kg-1, and 4.0 mg kg-1. Eksplant is protocorm from orchid D. spectabile which is grown on MS medium (Murashig and Skoog) half recipe as base medium accompanied by each treatment for 12 weeks. The experimental results show that there is an interaction between the effect of NAA and BAP concentration on the number of leaves only. Without NAA or 1.5 mg kg-1 NAA concentration with BAP 2.0 mg kg-1 gives more leaves.  Independent of NAA or BAP concentrations did not affect the number of buds, number of roots, root length, fresh and dry weight of plantlets, and also growth ability of plantlets.  BAP concentration only affect plant height, and the highest plantlet height is found without add of BAP in medium culture

Pertumbuhan Semai Jati Putih (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) Akibat Dosis Pupuk Kandang Kambing dan Frekuensi Penyiraman

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of dose goat manure and watering frequency on growth of gmelina seedling at nursarry. The experiment was carried out from April to June 2016, in Cijati village of Situraja regency Sumedang district, with the altitude 310 above sea level. The experimental design was used randomized block design (RBD) with factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The dose of goat manure consinted of  five levels : with out goat manure, 50 g/polybag, 100 g/polybag, 150 g/polybag and 200 g/polybag and the watering frequency consisted of three levels : one time a day, two times a day and one time two days. The results of this experiment showed that there was interaction effect between dose of goat manure and watering frequency on stem diameter at 12 weeks after planting and shoot root ratio. Application with 150 g goat manure per polybag with watering frequency every day gave best effect on stem diameter and  shoot root ratio.

Respon Pertumbuhan Kolonisasi Mikoriza dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai sebagai Akibat dari Takaran Kompos dan Mikoriza Arbuskula

Sebagian besar lahan di Indonesia mengandung bahan organik yang rendah (<1%), sehingga produktivitas lahan menjadi rendah. Produktivitas lahan yang rendah disebabkan rendahnya ketersediaan hara akibat peran mikroba tanah yang menguntungkan bagi tanaman menurun. Penambahan bahan organik dan penggunaan pupuk hayati merupakan usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanah dan tanaman. Mikoriza Arbuskula (MA) merupakan salah satu pupuk hayati yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanah dan tanaman. Percobaan rumah kasa dilakukan dengan tujuanuntuk mempelajari efek takaran pupuk kompos disertai inokulasi mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan,kolonisasi mikoriza dan hasil tanaman kedelai. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak kelompok berfola faktorial dengan dua faktor dan dua ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu takaran kompos terdiri dari tanpa kompos, 10 ton ha-1, 20 ton ha-1 dan 30 ton ha-1, sedangkan faktor kedua  kedua yaitu takaran mikoriza terdiri atas tanpa mikoriza, 5 g, 10 g dan 15 g per lubang tanam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa takaran kompos dan mikoriza memberikan efek yang berbeda terhadap jumlah polong, jumlah biji dan bobot biji kering per tanaman, tetapi tidak terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah nodula efektif per tanaman, nisbah pupus akar, kolonisasi mikoriza, dan bobot 10 butir. Hasil lebih tinggi diperoleh jika pemberian 30 ton ha-1 dan 20 ton ha-1 disertai dengan inokulan miroriza masing-masing 10 g dan 15 g per lubang tanam

THE EFFECT OF ZEOLITE RATES ON GROWTH Cd SHOOT CONTENT AND YEILD OF THE LATTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) UNDER HEAVY METAL CADMIUM STRESS

Cadmium is a non-essential heavy metal which can poison the plants. It is can inhibit the growth of plants moreover cause cell death. The lettuce is one of vegetables that are usually consumption on fresh. This plant adsorbing Cd from soil and accumulate on leaf greater than root. The study aimed to study the effect of zeolite rates to growth, cadmium shoot content, and lettuce (L. sativa) under Cd stress condition. The experiment was conducted on February until April 2009 at greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Winaya Mukti University Tanjungsari- Sumedang with elevation of 850 asl. The experiment design was using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 treatments and repeated six times. Zeolite rates treatments are 0 ton ha-1, 2 ton ha-1, 4 ton ha-1, and 6 ton ha -1 of zeolite. The result showed that given zeolite is not only could increase a plant height, leaf number, plant fresh weight, dry weight fade, root fade ratio, but also could reduce a Cd shoot content of lettuce. Application of 6 ton ha-1 zeolite not only gave the best effect to plant height age of 14 days after planting (dap), 21 dap, and 28 dap, leaf number/plant, fresh weight/plant, dry weight fade, root fade ratio, but also reduce a Cd shoot content of lettuce at 25,14%

Analisis Kekritisan Lahan Pada Fungsi Kawasan Konservasi DAS Citarum Dengan Software Arcgis

Penelitian dilakukan pada Kawasan Konservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum salah satu DAS prioritas di Indonesia dan merupakan sungai terbesar dan terpanjang di Jawa Barat. Limabelas Kawasan konservasi yang merupakan hulu dari DAS citarum berperan penting sebagai penyangga kehidupan dan pengaruh tata air daerah dibawahnya.Analisis Kekritisan Lahan pada Fungsi Kawasan Konservasi DAS Citarum dengan Software ArcGIS dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui berapa luas tingkat kekritisan lahan dan faktor-faktor apa yang menentukan tiap tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan koservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum.Dalam menentukan tingkat keritisan lahan pada kawasan konservasi di DAS Citarum, menggunakan Software ArcGIS yang merujuk kepada Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Reboisasi dan Rehabilitasi Lahan Nomor. 41/Kpts/V/1998 jo. Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Perhutanan Sosial Nomor. SK.167/V-SET/2004, variabelnya meliputi ; tutupan lahan, kemiringan lereng, kepekaan erosi dan manajemen pengelolaan.Hasil analisis lokasi penelitian fungsi kawasan konservasi seluas 15.595,70 Ha, didominasi oleh kelas Agak Kritis seluas 8.999,58 Ha dan Potensial Kritis seluas 6.318,91 Ha dengan kontribusi sebesar 98,23% menyebar hampir pada setiap kawasan konservasi. Sedangkan kelas Kritis seluas 249,43 Ha (1,60%), kelas Sangat Kritis seluas 27,15 Ha (0,17%) dan tidak terdapat kelas Tidak Kritis.Berdasarkan analisis korelasi dengan menggunakan software IBM SPSS Statistics 23, faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap setiap tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan koservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum yaitu tutupan lahan yang menunjukan hubungan positif (signifikan). Nilai korelasi pada kelas sangat kritis sebesar 0,781 (R2=61,00%), kelas kritis sebesar 0,302 (R2=9,12%), kelas agak kritis sebesar 0,523 (R2=27,35%) dan pada kelas potensial kritis sebesar 0,367 (R2=13,47%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada kawasan konservasi di DAS Citarum variabel tutupan lahan merupakan faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi terhadap tingkat kekritisan lahan.Pengelolaan kawasan konservasi dapat difokuskan terhadap upaya perlindungan dan pengawetan kawasan yang merupakan dua dari tiga pilar konservasi, sehingga dapat menurunkan tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan konservasi tersebut

Pengaruh Dosis Amelioran dan Umur Panen terhadap Hasil Benih G1 Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varietas Medians

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of amelioran dose and harvest age on the yield of G1 potato varieties of Medians. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Winaya Mukti, on Inceptisol soil with an altitude of 850 meters above sea level. The experiment was carried out from February to June 2021. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design consisting of nine combinations of amelioran treatments and harvest age, namely A (Amelioran 0 tons ha-1 + harvest age 90 days), B (Amelioran 0 tons ha-1 + harvest age 100 days), C (Amelioran 0 tons ha-1 + harvest age 110 days), D (Amelioran 10 tons ha-1 + harvest age 90 days), E (Amelioran 10 tons ha-1 + harvest age 100 days), F (Amelioran 10 tons ha-1 + harvest age 110 days), G (Amelioran 20 tons ha-1 + harvest age 90 days), H (Amelioran 20 tons ha-1 + harvest age 100 days), and I (Amelioran 20 tons ha-1 + harvest age 110 days) each treatment was repeated three times. The results of the experiment showed that the ameliorant dose and harvest age had an effect on the number of tubers, the weight of the tubers planted, and the G1 potato seed class. Dosage of ameliorant 10-20 tons ha-1 and harvest age of 90-110 days gave better yields of potato G1 seeds

Pengaruh Jenis Bakteri Pelarut terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Benih G3 Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varietas Medians.

This article aims to examine the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on the growth and yield of G3 seeds of potato (solanum tuberosum L.) varieties of medians. The experiment was conducted in the experimental garden of The Faculty of Agriculture of Winaya Mukti University Tanjungsari, Sumedang with a height of 850 meters above sea level with the order of land Andisol. Time trials are conducted from May to August 2019. The design used is a simple RandomIzed Group Design consisting of five types of phosphate Solubilizing bacteria, namely without PSB, Pseudacidovorax intermedius, Agrobacterium fabrum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Serratia nematodiphila and repeated five times each. The results of the experiment showed that the administration of this type of PSB was able to increase the height of the plant and the number of leaves at the age of 28 DAP and 42 DAP and give the result of the number of potatoes and the weight of the perpetak tubers on the potato crop of the medians varieties better