STUDY ON GYMNASTICS RING MOVEMENTS USING FORCE MEASURING SYSTEM

The purpose of this paper was to analyze five giant-swing phases performed on the rings using force-measuring system, which was synchronized with EMG and film. The results showed similar patterns in pulling force, shoulder angle, hip angle, hip velocity and ankle velocity when performing the movements of backward swing phase, dropped shoulder, giant-swing, and upward swing phase. The pulling-force changed from smaller than the body weight to greater than the body weight in the process of the backward swing. The first peak of pulling force occurred as shoulder drop phase ends. The second peak of pulling force occurred in the backward swing phase. The pulling force decreased gradually in the process of the upward swing

Effects of Continuous Exercise on Physiological Indexes among Middle-aged and Elderly Chronic Patients in Northwest China

With the increase of aging population, accompanied by a series of aging problems, the study showed that the probability of chronic disease in the elderly population is 92.1%, and further research shows that the probability of having two or more chronic diseases is 70.0%. Therefore, understanding of the distribution and spatial-temporal variation trend of risk factors related to chronic diseases can provide scientific basis for the formulation of policies and intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. It is of urgent practical significance to improve the quality of life of the elderly and reduce the social medical burden. Analysis of the data indicated that after 1 year of continuous exercise intervention, the experimental group’s blood pressure was controlled at a normal level in nearly 2 months [90～140mmHg/100～160mmHg(SBP/DBP) ]. The results showed that moderate physical activity can reduce stress and help control blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure. After 1 year of targeted exercise intervention, the experimental group significantly improved fasting blood glucose (controlled under 7.2mmol/ liter) in nearly 2 months after the second questionnaire survey. After the exercise, the blood glucose was controlled within the normal range and gradually increased. After one year of exercise intervention, the blood lipid index of the experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group, indicating that physical exercise has a positive effect on the elderly with hyperlipemia

Morphology Evolution and Spatially Selective Functionalization of Hierarchically Porous Silica Nanospheres for Improved Multidrug Delivery

Hierarchically porous materials are believed one of the most promising matrix materials due to their unique multimodal pore structures and great application potentials in catalysis, separation, and biomedicine. In this article, a series of hierarchically porous silica nanospheres with adjustable morphologies and pore structures/sizes has been successfully developed by controlling the electrostatic interaction-induced interfacial self-assembly behaviors between anionic block copolymer polystyrene-<i>b</i>-poly­(acrylic acid) (PS-<i>b</i>-PAA), cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and tetraethyl orthosilicate. Especially, “embedded” structured dual-mesoporous silica nanospheres (E-DMSNs) containing connected large mesopores (>10 nm) and abundant small mesopores (2–3 nm) in the large-pore framework have been prepared for the first time. Moreover, by employing PS-<i>b</i>-PAA with shorter PAA block lengths as template, the morphology conversion of porous silica nanospheres from core–shell structured dual-mesoporous silica nanospheres to well-defined hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres has been achieved. To endow the capability of E-DMSNs as multidrug delivery vehicles, a spatially selective functionalization strategy has been adopted to obtain dual-functionalized E-DMSNs (E-DMSNs-NH₂/OH) with amino-functionalized large mesopores and hydroxyl-modified small mesopores. Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry analysis shows that the loading amount of curcumin (Cur) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) were about 3.4% and 10.0% in weight, respectively. In addition, the cytotoxicity assay and cellular uptake of DOX@Cur@E-DMSNs-NH₂/OH on SMMC-7721 cells (human hepatoma cells) have been investigated. Thus, such a simple methodology to synthesize hierarchically porous silica with adjustable morphologies, pore sizes, and pore modifications provides a new pathway for the rational design of antitumor multidrug nanocarriers in further cancer treatment

Synthesis of a Pillar[5]arene-Based Polyrotaxane for Enhancing the Drug Loading Capacity of PCL-Based Supramolecular Amphiphile as an Excellent Drug Delivery Platform

A pillar[5]­arene-based nonionic polyrotaxane (PR) with <i>star</i>-poly­(ε-caprolactone) (<i>S</i>-PCL) as the axle, pillar[5]­arene (DEP5) as the wheel and adamantane as the end-capped group is designed and synthesized. The resulting PR is subsequently assembled with β-cyclodextrin end-capped pH-stimulated poly­(acrylic acid) (CD-PAA) via a host–guest interaction to form the supramolecular pseudoblock polymer PR-PAA. This supramolecular pseudoblock polymer could self-assemble in aqueous solution to produce PR-PAA-based supramolecular vesicular nanoparticles (PR-SVNPs), which present significantly enhanced drug loading capacity (DLC, 45.6%) of DOX, much higher than those of superamphiphiles (PCL-PAA, 17.1%). Such a high DLC of PR-SVNPs can be most probably attributed to the greatly decreased crystallinity of PCL in PR. Moreover, the loaded drugs could be selectively released in an acidic microenvironment-responsive manner. Compared to free DOX, the DOX-loaded PR-SVNPs (DOX@PR-SVNPs) shows much enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity against the SMMC-7721. More importantly, thanks to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, DOX@PR-SVNPs exhibits appealing features such as extremely low toxicity, highly efficient intratumoral accumulation and substantial antitumor efficacy in vivo