Chitosan and gum arabic nanoparticles for heavy metal adsorption

Chitosan (CT) is a polysaccharide with the ability to adsorb metals on its surface. In this work, CT-based nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by complex formation with gum arabic (GA) to increase their adsorbent potential for removal of heavy metals in aqueous medium. Adsorption efficiency is evaluated as a function of NP composition and polysaccharide concentration. NPs are sized from 250 to 375 nm at a zeta potential up to -25 mV, suggesting stability to adsorb metals. In particular, CTGA56 and CTGA80 NPs adsorbed a substantially higher amount of copper ions than pure CT. Adsorption kinetics studies showed that the reaction process followed a pseudo second-order model and the adsorption isotherm results fit a Langmuir model, highlighting the monolayer adsorption process with prominent adsorption capacity. These findings indicate the adsorbent potential of CTGA NPs and suggest that these particles can be used for removal of metal ions from contaminated water sources

Influência das condições de reação na produção de nanopartículas no grau de encapsulamento do cardanol / Influence of reaction conditions on the production of nanoparticles on the degree of encapsulation of cardanol

O Cardanol, extraído e principal constituinte do líquido da casca da castanha de cajú técnico tem inúmeras aplicações como atividade antibacteriana, larvicida, leishimanicida e baixa toxicidade. O encapsulamento deste ativo por meio de nanopartículas (NPs) a base de quitosana (QUI) pode ser um método eficaz para preservar suas propriedades e propiciar sua liberação controlada. Neste contexto, objetivou-se neste trabalho produzir nanopartículas empregando um delineamento fatorial de experimentos 23 para avaliar a influência das condições de reação na nanoencapsulação do cardanol. As NPs NP7 e NP8, com núcleo de quitosana, apresentaram tanto eficiência de encapsulamento quanto rendimento acima de 45%. O potencial superficial revelou valores negativos de -20 mV, o que indica que os polímeros alginato de sódio e goma arábica, usados como revestimento externo, foram capazes de formar complexos estáveis. A análise por microscopia óptica sugeriu a existência de pequenas partículas agrupadas, as NPs apresentaram tamanho nanométrico com distribuição bimodal, variando entre 34,9 nm e 312,2 nm. O delineamento fatorial permitiu a otimização das condições reacionais para produção de nanopartículas a base de quitosana que se mostraram promissores para encapsulamento do cardanol

Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Cardanol-Sustained Delivery System

Cardanol, principal constituent of the technical cashew nut shell liquid, has applications as antioxidant and antibacterial, and these properties may be enhanced through encapsulation. In the present study, we isolated and purified cardanol, and nanoparticles (NPs) were produced by polyelectrolyte complexation using polysaccharide systems with chitosan, sodium alginate, and non-toxic Arabic gum, because they are biocompatible, biodegradable, and stable. We characterized the NPs for morphological, physicochemical, and antioxidant activity. The micrographs obtained revealed spherical and nanometric morphology, with 70% of the distribution ranging from 34 to 300 nm, presenting a bimodal distribution. The study of the spectra in the infrared region suggested the existence of physicochemical interactions and cross-links between the biopolymers involved in the encapsulated NPs. Furthermore, the NPs showed better antioxidant potential when compared to pure cardanol. Thus, the encapsulation of cardanol may be an effective method to maintain its properties, promote better protection of the active ingredient, minimize side effects, and can target its activities in specific locations, by inhibiting free radicals in various sectors such as pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and biomedical

Chitosan and gum arabic nanoparticles for heavy metal adsorption

<div><p>Abstract Chitosan (CT) is a polysaccharide with the ability to adsorb metals on its surface. In this work, CT-based nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by complex formation with gum arabic (GA) to increase their adsorbent potential for removal of heavy metals in aqueous medium. Adsorption efficiency is evaluated as a function of NP composition and polysaccharide concentration. NPs are sized from 250 to 375 nm at a zeta potential up to -25 mV, suggesting stability to adsorb metals. In particular, CTGA56 and CTGA80 NPs adsorbed a substantially higher amount of copper ions than pure CT. Adsorption kinetics studies showed that the reaction process followed a pseudo second-order model and the adsorption isotherm results fit a Langmuir model, highlighting the monolayer adsorption process with prominent adsorption capacity. These findings indicate the adsorbent potential of CTGA NPs and suggest that these particles can be used for removal of metal ions from contaminated water sources.</p></div

Chitosan and gum arabic nanoparticles for heavy metal adsorption

<div><p>Abstract Chitosan (CT) is a polysaccharide with the ability to adsorb metals on its surface. In this work, CT-based nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by complex formation with gum arabic (GA) to increase their adsorbent potential for removal of heavy metals in aqueous medium. Adsorption efficiency is evaluated as a function of NP composition and polysaccharide concentration. NPs are sized from 250 to 375 nm at a zeta potential up to -25 mV, suggesting stability to adsorb metals. In particular, CTGA56 and CTGA80 NPs adsorbed a substantially higher amount of copper ions than pure CT. Adsorption kinetics studies showed that the reaction process followed a pseudo second-order model and the adsorption isotherm results fit a Langmuir model, highlighting the monolayer adsorption process with prominent adsorption capacity. These findings indicate the adsorbent potential of CTGA NPs and suggest that these particles can be used for removal of metal ions from contaminated water sources.</p></div