Urban Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology: Patterns, Processes and Planning

Effective planning for biodiversity in cities and towns is increasingly important as urban areas and their human populations grow, both to achieve conservation goals and because ecological communities support services on which humans depend. Landscape ecology provides important frameworks for understanding and conserving urban biodiversity both within cities and considering whole cities in their regional context, and has played an important role in the development of a substantial and expanding body of knowledge about urban landscapes and communities. Characteristics of the whole city including size, overall amount of green space, age and regional context are important considerations for understanding and planning for biotic assemblages at the scale of entire cities, but have received relatively little research attention. Studies of biodiversity within cities are more abundant and show that longstanding principles regarding how patch size, configuration and composition influence biodiversity apply to urban areas as they do in other habitats. However, the fine spatial scales at which urban areas are fragmented and the altered temporal dynamics compared to non-urban areas indicate a need to apply hierarchical multi-scalar landscape ecology models to urban environments. Transferring results from landscape-scale urban biodiversity research into planning remains challenging, not least because of the requirements for urban green space to provide multiple functions. An increasing array of tools is available to meet this challenge and increasingly requires ecologists to work with planners to address biodiversity challenges. Biodiversity conservation and enhancement is just one strand in urban planning, but is increasingly important in a rapidly urbanising world

All the fun of the FAIR: Fundamental physics at the facility for antiproton and ion research

The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will be the accelerator-based flagship research facility in many basic sciences and their applications in Europe for the coming decades. FAIR will open up unprecedented research opportunities in hadron and nuclear physics, in atomic physics and nuclear astrophysics as well as in applied sciences like materials research, plasma physics and radiation biophysics with applications towards novel medical treatments and space science. FAIR is currently under construction as an international facility at the campus of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum for Heavy-Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany. While the full science potential of FAIR can only be harvested once the new suite of accelerators and storage rings is completed and operational, some of the experimental detectors and instrumentation are already available and will be used starting in summer 2018 in a dedicated research program at GSI, exploiting also the significantly upgraded GSI accelerator chain. The current manuscript summarizes how FAIR will advance our knowledge in various research fields ranging from a deeper understanding of the fundamental interactions and symmetries in nature to a better understanding of the evolution of the Universe and the objects within

Avaliação do risco para o desenvolvimento de lesões perioperatórias decorrentes do posicionamento cirúrgico

Objetivo: Avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de lesões perioperatórias decorrentes doposicionamento cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico e longitudinal realizado com 45 pacientes em umhospital público de média e alta complexidade no estado do Piauí. Foram utilizados para acoleta de dados: instrumento de avaliação perioperatória, Escala Visual Numérica, Escala deBraden e da Escala de Avaliação de Risco para o Desenvolvimento de Lesões Decorrentes doPosicionamento Cirúrgico (ELPO).Resultados: Participantes com idade ≥46 anos apresentaram maior risco, com 33,4% dehipertensos dentre 35,6% dos que apresentaram comorbidades. A posição mais prevalentecom 64,5% foi a supina, com apenas 2,2% casos de lesão pré-cirúrgica. Em relação ao riscopara lesões por posicionamento, 68,9% apresentaram baixo risco.Conclusão: 31,1% dos participantes foram submetidos a risco elevado para desenvolverlesões por posicionamento, relacionado a idade e comorbidades.Palavras-chave: Enfermagem perioperatória. Posicionamento do paciente. Segurança dopaciente. Medição de risco