Soft tissue coverage techniques for management of open fractures of tibia (type IIIB)

Background: Open fractures are surgical emergencies; incidence of open fractures is increasing with more high-energy road traffic accidents. The tibia is exposed to frequent injury because of its location. The need for aggressive debridement, adequate fracture fixation, and early flap coverage in reducing the morbidity cannot be over emphasized.Methods: Treatment of open fracture by immediate debridement and anatomical fracture reduction using external fixator device. Gastrocnemius muscle flap done in upper 1/3 open fractures (type IIIB) with larger defects along with split thickness skin graft (STSG). In middle and lower 1/3 open fractures (type IIIB), fasciocutaneous and soleus muscle flaps done with relatively smaller soft tissue defects and exposed bone with STSG.Results: The study included 15 patients with open tibia fracture Gustillo Anderson type IIIB classified after the initial debridement. Excellent flap takes up was seen in all cases. 11 cases (73.3%) achieved union at the end of 6 months follow-up while 4 cases (26.7%) showed delayed union which required additional procedures like BMI or bone graft.Conclusions: Soft tissue coverage techniques like fascicutaneous flap, gastrocnemius and soleus muscle flap had a definitive role in the management of open fractures of tibia (type IIIB)

Web3 Chain Authentication and Authorization Security Standard (CAA)

Web3 is the next evolution of the internet, which uses blockchains, cryptocurrencies, and NFTs to return ownership and authority to the consumers. The potential of Web3 is highlighted by the creation of decentralized applications (dApps), which are more secure, transparent, and tamper-proof than their centralized counterparts, allowing for new business models that were previously impossible on the traditional internet.Web3 also focuses on user privacy, where users have more control over their personal data and can choose to share only what they want. The emergence of Web3 represents an exciting new frontier in blockchain technology, and its focus on decentralization, user privacy, and trustless systems has the potential to transform the way we interact with the internet.Web3 authentication is required for enhanced security, increased privacy, and simplified user interface. Traditional login procedures and an authorization flow using web3 authentication work together seamlessly. However, there are several challenges associated with Web3, including scalability and regulatory issues. Chain Authentication and Authorization (CAA) is a multi-layer security mechanism that allows users to choose the security layer that suits them, just like a heavy iron chain, where the user and CAA developers act as blacksmith and form their security protocol that suits them. CAA is a solution to the challenges associated with Web3 authentication and authorization, and it focuses on creating a secure and decentralized authentication and authorization system that is scalable, flexible, and user-friendly

Virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility profile of non albicans Candida species isolated from blood stream infections

Background: The spectrum of fungal infections, once only considered to be restricted only to cutaneous and mucocutaneous tissue has been changed. Invasive mycosis have emerged as an increase threat to mankind. Despite of the advent in both therapeutic and diagnostic modalities, invasive mycosis is associated with high mortality. Candida spp., is often the most important cause of blood stream infection. Although C. albicans is considered as the most pathogenic species from the genus, recent studies have documented the emergence of unusual, relatively uncommon and treatment resistant non albicans Candida (NAC) spp. Material and methods:NAC spp. isolated from blood cultures were included in the study. Candidaisolates were identified up to species level by standard mycological protocol. NAC spp. were screened for production of virulence factor like extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, haemolysin and biofilm formation. The antifungal susceptibility profile of these isolates was studied by Ezy MIC Strip.Results:The rates of isolation of bacterial and fungal pathogens from blood cultures were 78.4% and 21.6% respectively. Candida spp. was the only fungal pathogen isolated from blood cultures. The isolation of NAC spp. was highly significantly compared to C. albicans. C. tropicalis followed by C. glabrata and C. krusei were most common isolates from NAC spp. ICU admission and fluconazole prophylaxis/treatment were significantly associated with BSI due to NAC spp.Fluconazole resistance was observed in 40.7% of NAC spp. All isolates of C. krusei were resistant to fluconazole. No isolates were resistant to voriconazole and echinocandins. Conclusion: Hitherto rare and new fungal species and fungi once considered to be non-pathogenic are increasingly implicated in human infections.NAC spp. have emerged as an important cause of infections including candidemia. These NAC spp., produce virulence factors once attributed to C. albicans. As NAC spp. differ widely in susceptibility to routine used antifungal agents, antifungal susceptibility testing plays an important role in evaluating therapy for Candida infections

Resolving taxonmic discrepancies: Role of Electronic Catalogues of Known Organisms

There is a disparity in availability of nomenclature change literature to the taxonomists of the developing world and availability of taxonomic papers published by developing world scientists to their counterparts in developed part of the globe. This has resulted in several discrepancies in the naming of organisms. Development of electronic catalogues of names of known organisms would help in pointing out these issues. We have attempted to highlight a few of such discrepancies found while developing IndFauna, an electronic catalogue of known Indian fauna and comparing it with existing global and regional databases.Full Text: PD

DUALAXISSOLARTRACKINGSYSTEM

Solar energy is rapidly gaining notoriety as an important means of expanding renewable energy resources. As such, it is vital that those in engineering fields understand the technologies associated with this area. Our project will include the design and construction of a microcontroller-based solar panel tracking system. Solar tracking allows more energy to be produced because the solar array is able to remain aligned to the sun. This system builds upon topics learned in this course. A working system will ultimately be demonstrated to validate the design. Problems and possible improvements will also be presented .Sustainable energy systems are necessary for the economic growth and a healthy environment

Assessing the efficacy of a tobacco prevention and control intervention in a rural area of India: A quasi-experimental study

Background: Tobacco use, disproportionately higher in rural areas, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Interventions to reduce tobacco use in rural areas are scarce. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a community-directed tobacco prevention intervention in reducing tobacco use in rural areas. Materials and Methods: A single-group pre-/postquasi-experimental study was conducted in Lakhmapur village, Maharashtra. Data were collected from one adult each in 296 and 307 randomly selected village households before and at the end of intervention, respectively. Results: Between pretest and posttest, reported tobacco use reduced from 56.4% to 23.5%; average daily expenditure on tobacco from INR 16.07 to INR 9.47, respectively. A logistic model, controlling for sociodemographic variables, showed that the postintervention group had a significantly lower likelihood of using tobacco; however, males and lower education subgroups were more likely to use. Conclusions: Multipronged community-based interventions involving schools, students, teachers, frontline workers, elected leaders, and community influencers hold promise in reducing tobacco use in rural India

Replacement of cement by lime and other materials in compressed stabilized earth blocks

It is dire necessity of today age to use less cement because hazardous to human health.Hence in present study cement by lime and other materials in compressed stabilized earth blocks. Different types of materials used were sugarcane baggase, human hair, lime which were replaced by cement with 35%, .The mixture was compressed for1500kg/cm2 and compressive test of 16 CSEB gave excellent result for cement replaced with hair. But sugarcane bagaase is more economical then hair hence sugarcane bagasse gave strength and research required in these area

EXTRACTION AND CLASSIFICATION MODEL FOR BUSINESS EVENT FROM CONTRACTS AND TEMPORAL CONSTRAINTS IN SERVICE ENGAGEMENTS

Contract is a self-agreed, enforceable by law and deliberate agreement between two or more competent authority and parties. Contracts are made in written but may be implied or spoken, and generally have to do with another organization, employment, sale or lease, or tenancy. We assume service engagement is a part of business events. Business events such as payments, purchase, sells, delivery etc. not only impotent processes but are also inherently temporally constrained. Analysis phase is carried out to find out business event and their temporal relationships which helps business partners to analyze what to supply and what to require from others as its participates in the service engagement specified by a contract. Contracts are always be in unstructured text and their details also described in form of unstructured text. Our proposed system through this paper is to introduce a novel approach for employing classification, parsing to extract business event and their temporal constraints from contract text. Also we organize the event terms into cluster automatically with the use of topic modeling

EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO PANCREATIC LIPASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF FENUGREEK SEEDS EXTRACTS

ABSTRACT Obesity is a public health problem that has become an epidemic worldwide. One of the therapeutic strategies in managing obesity is inhibition of pancreatic lipase, a key enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats and triglycerides. In the present study, three extracts namely petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanolic extracts of fenugreek seeds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on porcine pancreatic lipase enzyme using in vitro assay. Ethanolic extract showed the highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity compared to petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. The inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract was comparable to orlistat, standard drug for the treatment of obesity. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids which is reported to have pancreatic lipase inhibition property and could play a role in inhibition of absorption and digestion of fats and triglycerides.The study shows that ethanolic extract of fenugreek seeds may be useful as an antiobesity agent

Characterization of a Novel Nanocomposite Film Based on Functionalized Chitosan–Pt–Fe3O4 Hybrid Nanoparticles

The development of organic—inorganic hybrids or nanocomposite films is increasingly becoming attractive in light of their emerging applications. This research focuses on the formation of a unique nanocomposite film with enhanced elasticity suitable for many biomedical applications. The physical property measurement system and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze Pt–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles. These nanohybrids exhibited magnetic effects. They were further exploited to prepare the nanocomposite films in conjunction with a chitosan-g–glycolic acid organic fraction. The nanocomposite films were then examined using standard techniques: thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Tensile strength testing demonstrated a significantly greater elastic strength of these nanocomposite films than pure chitosan films. The water absorption behavior of the nanocomposites was evaluated by measuring swelling degree. These nanocomposites were observed to have substantially improved physical properties. Such novel nanocomposites can be extended to various biomedical applications, which include drug delivery and tissue engineering