Multi-modal ecology - the factor of the efficient integration of the Republic of Croatia in the European traffic system

Društveni i gospodarski razvoj svake države treba biti usmjeren k poboljšanju životnoga standarda stanov-ništva, odnosno svakoga pojedinca. Promet kao osnova svakoga gospodarstva, jedan je od osnovnih čimbenika razvoja. Međutim, razvoj klasičnih grana prometa u prošlom je stoljeću znatno poremetio prirodnu ravnotežu ekosustava. Primjena suvremenih transportnih tehnologija u okviru multimodalnoga transporta, uz brzu i kvalitetniju uslugu, ima i značajnu ulogu u ekologiji. Multimodalni transport smatra se ekološki modernim oblikom prometa, jer ne nudi samo učinkovit, brz i siguran način prijevoza robe, već u znatnoj mjeri čuva i čovjekov okoliš. Republika Hrvatska zbog teritorijalne razvedenosti, pripadajućega morskoga akvatorija i podunavskoga pojasa, mora razvijati razmjerno složen, široko razvijen i između pojedinih prometnih grana koordiniran prometni sustav. U okviru razvoja i razvitka prometnoga sustava, koji će postati dio europskoga prometnoga sustava, prijeko je potrebno pridržavati se mjera zaštite okoliša. Stoga prometna strategija i prometna politika Republike Hrvatske moraju biti koordinirani s politikom zaštite i unapređenja kvalitete okoliša, te zajednički pratiti procese gospodarskoga i prometnoga razvoja Europske unije.The social and economic growth of any state should be directed to the improvement of the population’s life standard that is every individual. The traffic as the foundation of any economy is one of the basic factors of development. However, the expansion of the common traffic sectors has considerably disordered the natural balance of the eco-system in the last century. The application of the modern transport technologies in the frame of multimodal transport together with the fast and better quality service has a significant role in the ecology. The multimodal transport is considered to be the ecological and modern form of traffic, for the reason that not only does it offer the effective, fast and secure way of the transportation of goods, but also it protects the human environment to significant extent. The Republic of Croatia has to develop relatively complex, largely expanded and coordinated system between single, particular or individual traffic sectors a due to the territorial indentation or well-indented coastline, as well as the belonging to the Adriatic maritime zone and the Danube-basin strip. In the extent of the expansion and the development of the traffic system, which will become the part of the European traffic system, it is necessary to hold on to the environmental protective measures. Therefore, the traffic strategy and the policy of the Republic of Croatia have to be coordinated with the protection policy of the environment as well as the improvement of the environmental quality and to jointly follow the actions or procedures of the economic and traffic progress of the European union

Multi-modal ecology - the factor of the efficient integration of the Republic of Croatia in the European traffic system

Društveni i gospodarski razvoj svake države treba biti usmjeren k poboljšanju životnoga standarda stanov-ništva, odnosno svakoga pojedinca. Promet kao osnova svakoga gospodarstva, jedan je od osnovnih čimbenika razvoja. Međutim, razvoj klasičnih grana prometa u prošlom je stoljeću znatno poremetio prirodnu ravnotežu ekosustava. Primjena suvremenih transportnih tehnologija u okviru multimodalnoga transporta, uz brzu i kvalitetniju uslugu, ima i značajnu ulogu u ekologiji. Multimodalni transport smatra se ekološki modernim oblikom prometa, jer ne nudi samo učinkovit, brz i siguran način prijevoza robe, već u znatnoj mjeri čuva i čovjekov okoliš. Republika Hrvatska zbog teritorijalne razvedenosti, pripadajućega morskoga akvatorija i podunavskoga pojasa, mora razvijati razmjerno složen, široko razvijen i između pojedinih prometnih grana koordiniran prometni sustav. U okviru razvoja i razvitka prometnoga sustava, koji će postati dio europskoga prometnoga sustava, prijeko je potrebno pridržavati se mjera zaštite okoliša. Stoga prometna strategija i prometna politika Republike Hrvatske moraju biti koordinirani s politikom zaštite i unapređenja kvalitete okoliša, te zajednički pratiti procese gospodarskoga i prometnoga razvoja Europske unije.The social and economic growth of any state should be directed to the improvement of the population’s life standard that is every individual. The traffic as the foundation of any economy is one of the basic factors of development. However, the expansion of the common traffic sectors has considerably disordered the natural balance of the eco-system in the last century. The application of the modern transport technologies in the frame of multimodal transport together with the fast and better quality service has a significant role in the ecology. The multimodal transport is considered to be the ecological and modern form of traffic, for the reason that not only does it offer the effective, fast and secure way of the transportation of goods, but also it protects the human environment to significant extent. The Republic of Croatia has to develop relatively complex, largely expanded and coordinated system between single, particular or individual traffic sectors a due to the territorial indentation or well-indented coastline, as well as the belonging to the Adriatic maritime zone and the Danube-basin strip. In the extent of the expansion and the development of the traffic system, which will become the part of the European traffic system, it is necessary to hold on to the environmental protective measures. Therefore, the traffic strategy and the policy of the Republic of Croatia have to be coordinated with the protection policy of the environment as well as the improvement of the environmental quality and to jointly follow the actions or procedures of the economic and traffic progress of the European union

RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS DA REDUÇÃO DO DÉFICIT DE TORQUE EM EXTENSORES E FLEXORES DO JOELHO APÓS A RECONSTRUÇÃO DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR

In this prospective study, we presented the effect of isokinetic training on the clinical outcome of rehabilitation in relation to the reduction of the torque deficit in thigh muscles (DEF) after anterior cruciate ligament (LCA) reconstruction. The prospective study followed 144 subjects, 72 women and 72 men, with a mean age of 28.20 ± 4.52, four months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a hamstring graft. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the type of rehabilitation treatment they underwent. Subjects of the isokinetic group (72 subjects, 36 males and 36 females), underwent kinesitherapy according to the isokinetic exercise protocol which consisted of a one-day isokinetic training lasting for thirty minutes, five times a week for six weeks. Subjects of the classical group (72 subjects, 36 males and 36 females) underwent kinesitherapy based on standard isotonic exercises to increase muscle strength, i.e. exercises with weights and in the gym. The difference in the outcome of rehabilitation was objectified by a concentric-concentric isokinetic test at an angular velocity of 60 °/s before the start, after three weeks and after six weeks of rehabilitation. The monitoring parameters were: torque deficit of the injured leg knee extensor in relation to the uninjured leg (EXDEF) -% and torque deficit of the knee flexor of the injured leg in relation to the uninjured leg (FLDEF) -%. Neste estudo prospectivo, apresentamos o efeito do treinamento isocinético no resultado clínico da reabilitação em relação à redução do déficit de torque nos músculos da coxa (DEF) após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA). O estudo prospectivo acompanhou 144 indivíduos, 72 mulheres e 72 homens, com média de idade de 28,20 ± 4,52, quatro meses após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior com enxerto de isquiotibiais. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o tipo de tratamento de reabilitação que realizaram. Os sujeitos do grupo isocinético (72 sujeitos, 36 homens e 36 mulheres), foram submetidos à cinesioterapia de acordo com o protocolo de exercícios isocinéticos que consistia em um dia de treinamento isocinético com duração de trinta minutos, cinco vezes por semana, durante seis semanas. Os sujeitos do grupo clássico (72 sujeitos, 36 homens e 36 mulheres) foram submetidos à cinesioterapia baseada em exercícios isotônicos padrão para aumentar a força muscular, ou seja, exercícios com pesos e na academia. A diferença no resultado da reabilitação foi objetivada por um teste isocinético concêntrico-concêntrico com velocidade angular de 60 ° / s antes do início, após três semanas e após seis semanas de reabilitação. Os parâmetros de monitoramento foram: déficit de torque do extensor do joelho da perna lesada em relação à perna não lesada (EXDEF) -% e déficit de torque do flexor do joelho da perna lesada em relação à perna não lesada (FLDEF) -%

DIAGNOSTIC OF SPINAL COLUMN MOBILITY USING SCHOBER’S TEST FOR LUMBAL SYNDROME BY APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL THERAPY AND SPORT RECREATION

The research was conducted on the sample of 90 male and female subjects with chronic lumbar syndrome, aged between 20 and 50, of which 45 men and 45 women who were divided in three groups, 30 subjects per each group, formed on the basis of exercises done by the subjects during and upon the rehabilitation (III groups). The longitudinal and time bound research was executed (8 months). The research was conducted in the Department V “Banja Slatina”, in the Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation “Dr Miroslav Zotović” in Banja Luka, including three Fitness centres in Banja Luka. The goal of the research was to compare results of testing of subjects who continued to engage in sport recreation after termination of a rehabilitation process in the Institution for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - IPMR “Dr Miroslav Zotović” in Banja Luka (by means of usual physical procedures) and the results of those subjects who did not continue kinesitherapy, nor sport-recreational activities. For the statistical analysis in the SPSS program ANOVA was used, especially Post Hoc Test – Tukey HSD. The results showed that during the eight-month research there was a statistically significant improvement of the observed parameters (Schober index), but with the application of programmed physiotherapy with recreation (gr. II) the best results were achieved, as well as more stable remission, which could be explained by biological effects of the programmed physiotherapy together with sport recreation.  Article visualizations

Diethyldithiocarbamate potentiates the effects of protamine sulphate in the isolated rat uterus

Protamine sulphate causes potassium ion channel-mediated relaxation of spontaneous and calcium ion-induced contractions of the isolated rat uterus. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) potentiated the effect of protamine sulphate. A mechanism for DDC's action was postulated on the basis of its interactions with divalent iron ions and Cui Zn-SOD. DDC chelates divalent iron ions creating DDC-iron (Fe-DDC) complexes. Fe-DDC forms stable NO-Fe-DDC2 complexes by NO scavenging and de-nitrosylation processes, which in combination with DDC (5 mM) provoke inhibition of Cui Zn-SOD resulting in specific oxidative conditions culminating in potassium ion channel opening, membrane hyperpolarisation, inhibition of calcium ion influx and subsequent muscle relaxation. As Fe-DDC and NO-Fe-DDC2 complexes exclude divalent iron ions from participating in the hydroxy radical generating Fenton reaction, DDC can also prevent iron-related pathophysiological manifestations. Such permissive roles of DDC open the possibility for application of its pharmacological form (disulfiram) to a wider spectrum of pathophysiological conditions related to smooth muscles

Examining the impact of Ground Control point quantity on the geometric accuracy of UAV photogrammetric products formed using Structure-from-Motion approach

The positional and vertical accuracy of UAV aerial photogrammetry products generated using the Structure from Motion (SfM) approach depends on various factors, such as flight plan parameters, camera quality, camera calibration, the SfM algorithm used, and the georeferencing process. The influence of the quantity of Ground Control Points (GCPs) on the geometric quality of generated models and the stability of camera calibration parameters assessed through self-calibration in the block-aerotriangulation process was investigated in this study. Three software systems were used to process the collected UAV photogrammetry images: Pix4D Mapper, Agisoft Metashape, and Trimble Inpho UASMaster. Standard statistical quality assessments were employed to assess the accuracy of the block-aerotriangulation. The research findings indicate that augmenting the quantity of GCPs enhances model reliability and decreases the RMSE values of vertical deviation on the control points. The RMSE values of vertical deviation on the check points for all three used software systems converged to approximately twice the value of the average spatial resolution. Additionally, the RMSE values of positional deviation on check points converged to the value of the average spatial resolution

VISCOELASTIC DOUBLE BEAM SYSTEM STABILITY ANALYSIS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

This paper presents neural networks application and their advantages in estimation and analysis of numerical results obtained from previous research of dynamic stability of double beam system under stochastic loading processes. For determining the bounds of the almost sure stability of the double-beam system, direct Lyapunov method was applied and conventional numerical methods for stability region determination were used. Numerical results obtained by dynamic stability analysis were then used as a training data for artificial neural network (ANN). Application of ANN allows reduced computation time for accurate determination of stability regions, while the main advantage of trained ANN is that it estimates results even in cases where conventional numerical method fails

Production and application of pectinases in the liquefaction of apricot and blueberry juice

Pectinases are widely used in the fruit juice industry for clarification, liquefaction and stabilization of juices. One of the biggest problems in the production of fruit juices is the turbidity of the juice, which is mainly caused by the presence of pectin polysaccharides. Therefore, pectinase is used in juice clarification, which breaks down the pectin structure and reduces unwanted cloudiness and sediment. In this work, the production of pectinases was optimized by solid state fermentation using Aspergillus tubingensis strain, which proved to be an efficient producer of these enzymes. Statistical method Design of Experiment was used to optimize the medium and conditions for enzyme production. The total pectinase activity obtained was determined by the DNS method (47 U/mL). Endo-pectinases activity is determined by reduction of viscosity of pectin solutions. The resulting complex of pectinase enzymes was used for the liquefaction of apricot and blueberry pulp, with a juice yield of 72% and 81%, respectively. Also, apricot juice treated with enzymes was clarified by 77% compared to juice that was not treated with enzymes. Blueberry juice obtained after treatment with pectinase enzymes has a higher antioxidant activity than the untreated juice, as determined by the DPPH assay

Analiza uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na prinos soje i suncokreta na uvratinama

The results of research of analysis of influence of soil compaction on maize and wheat yield on headland and in inside of a field were shown in this paper. The larger soybean yield in inside of a field was established by 42,81 % in regard to yield on headland. The larger sunflower yield in inside of a field was established by 51,35 % in regard to yield on headland too. Afterwards, the chemical structure of soil on headland and in inside of a field were given.U radu su prikazani rezultati analize uticaja sabijanja zemljišta na uvratinama i unutrašnjem delu parcele na prinos soje i suncokreta. Utvrđen je veći prinos soje u unutrašnjem delu parcele za 42,81% u odnosu na prinos na uvratini. Takođe utvrđen je veći prinos suncokreta u unutrašnjem delu parcele za 51,35% u odnosu na prinos na uvratini. Zatim dat je hemijski sastav zemljišta na uvratini i unutrašnjem delu parcele