APPLE AND PEAR SCAB ONTOLOGY

An important issue in horticulture is ensuring plant disease, such as scab, prevention and treatment. Apple and pear are among the most widely grown (approximately 43% of all fruit tree area [1]) and economically important fruit crops specified worldwide and in Latvia. Scab diseases caused by ascomycetous fungi Venturia inaequalis and V.pyrina are economically the most important diseases worldwide. Research projects have produced research data covering various aspects of plant-pathogen interactions, but there is no internal linkage analysis, as well as implementation of other types of data (such as environmental and meteorological data, etc.). Establishing such a data integration system would allow the identification of new regularities in plant-pathogen interactions, and provide mechanisms for disease control decisions. Semantic analysis is one of information technology approaches to finding relationships in data. The product of analysis is ontology. There are plant disease ontologies which provide classification of diseases and describe their reasons. However, there is no ontology which describes a specific plant and relations among its farming parameters and disease probability. Such an ontology for apple and pear scab is presented in this paper. The constructed ontology can be applied to develop guidelines or digital expert systems.

Vitamin D Intake and Serum Levels in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Maternal vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent in pregnant women in Europe, is linked to adverse health effects for both the mother and child. The objective was to assess vitamin D status in pregnant women by evaluating their dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake, serum vitamin D levels, parathyroid hormone levels, and lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study, with a total of 735 participants (145 pregnant and 590 up to the seventh day postpartum), took place in Latvia. Blood samples, a food frequency questionnaire, and medical documentation were used for data collection. The median serum vitamin D concentration was 34.0 ng/mL, with pregnant women having higher levels (42.9 ng/mL) than postpartum women (31.8 ng/mL). There was no association between vitamin D serum concentration and dietary intake of vitamin D (p > 0.05), whereas there was a significant correlation with use of vitamin D supplements (r = 0.41; p 45 ng/mL), and diet had no significant impact on vitamin D levels. Thus, our proposed recommendation for vitamin D intake during pregnancy was 63 mcg (2500 IU) year-round for optimal levels in pregnant women in Northeastern Europe.Peer reviewe

Stark spectroscopy and polarisation effects in alkali dimers

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Latvijas mālu pielietošana biotehnoloģijā: rezultāti un perspektīvas

Mūsu pētījumi ir saistīti ar Latvijas māliem unno tiem iegūtām šūnainās keramikas granulām. Pētījumi parkeramikas nesējmateriālu izveidi sastāv no trim apakšvirzieniem:1) izejmateriāla testēšana un keramikas nesējmateriāluizgatavošanas tehnoloģijas izstrāde; 2) bioplēves veidošanās uzkeramikas granulām: dinamika un noturība; 3) vides attīrīšanasmodeļu eksperimenti. Šajā rakstā ir apkopoti galvenie rezultātipar laika periodu no 2010. līdz 2013. gadam, kā arī ieskicētiperspektīvi virzieni turpmākai pētīšana

Characterisation of a Ceramic Carriers after Wastewater Treatment Process in the Model Column Cascade with Ethanol Addition

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater remains one of the serious environmental problems worldwide. The present study was aimed at combining the both nitrification and phosphorus accumulation processes in the laboratory-scale model system. Synthetic wastewaters (28 mg N-NH4+ L-1) were treated consequently in the cascade of three columns, which were designed for nitrification and phosphorus accumulation processes, respectively, and were packed with porous ceramic beads. Six treatment cycles of seven days in each column were performed. Addition of 3% ethanol to wastewater increased the efficiency of ammonium removal in the first column of the cascade during the 7 day period to 81.9 %, which was accompanied by a decrease of pH from 7.3 to 6.2. An increase of soluble phosphates was shown in Columns II and III of the cascade. Microbial enzyme activity, number of CFU and diversity of the microbial community differed among the three columns tested. The most active biofilm formation was detected in Column I. The thermal analysis of beads has revealed mass losses of 0.23% and 0.08%, due to decomposition of light volatile organic substances at 173 °C and 481 °C, respectively. In turn, the beads in Column II and III were not covered by thick biofilm, while blue crystals were found on the surface. Accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus on the beads was detected. Vegetation experiments have revealed some stimulation effect of the beads applied as an amendment to loamy sand soil, to the growth of rye and cress

Comparative Study on Bacteria Colonization onto Ceramic Beads Originated from Two Devonian Clay Deposits in Latvia

Ceramic carriers for immobilization of microorganisms are widely used in wastewater treatment, air biofiltration technologies, etc. The aim of this study was to compare seven different types of ceramic beads fabricated from two types of Devonian clay, in terms of their appropriateness for bacteria cell attachment and further use for soil/air cleaning technologies. The effect of different ceramic beads on the microbial growth and biofilm formation was studied for pure culture Pseudomonas putida MSCL 650 and for bacteria consortium MDK.EKO-7. The highest CFU number recovered from the bead surfaces after 72h cultivation, was in the sets No. 4, 6, and 7, corresponding to one Liepa red and two Planci clay samples, respectively. Besides, a fluoresceine diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis activity of the attached bacteria served as a criterion of biofilm formation. Statistically significant differences of FDA hydrolysis were shown for both, ceramic beads with biomass and without it. Among ceramic beads without biomass, half-spheres of Liepa red clay beads and Planci clay beads significantly differed from other tested samples. These data could point to the notable differences between physical-chemical properties of these beads, which stimulated abiotic FDA hydrolysis. Among ceramic beads with biomass, FDA hydrolysis activity on the half-sphere beads was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that on the surface of the whole sphere beads fabricated from Liepa red clay. SEM micrographs of the bead surface showed uneven distribution of bacteria on the surface. The craters (pores) of ceramic bead seem to be the most appropriate sites for bacteria attachment. Experiments on dehydration of the attached P. putida at 22 °C showed a decrease of cell viability down to zero in 16 days. It was concluded that Liepa red clay and Planci clay are appropriate for carrier fabrication. The quality of ceramic carrier is dependent on the technological process of ceramic production, bead composition and conditions for biofilm formation

Additional file 2: of Screening assays for primary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children presenting with suspected macrophage activation syndrome

Data set summary. Clinical information from 21 patients who underwent screening for suspected MAS clinical information. (DOCX 317 kb

Umbilical Cord Blood Cytomegalovirus Serostatus Does Not Have an Impact on Outcomes of Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Acute Leukemia

Several studies have reported an impact of adult hematopoietic stem cell donor cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes. Limited data, however, are available on the impact of cord blood unit (CBU) CMV serostatus on allogeneic umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) outcomes. We analyzed, retrospectively, the impact of CBU CMV serostatus on relapse incidence (RI) and 2-year nonrelapse mortality (NRM) of single-unit CBU transplantation for acute leukemia. Data from 1177 de novo acute leukemia pediatric and adult patients transplanted within European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centers between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed. CBUs were provided by the European Cord Blood Banks. The median follow-up time for live patients was 59.9 months. The recipients of CMV-seropositive and -seronegative CBUs showed a comparable RI (33% versus 35%, respectively, P = .6) and 2-year cumulative incidence of NRM (31% versus 32%, respectively, P = .5). We conclude that CBU CMV serostatus did not influence RI and NRM in de novo acute leukemia patients after allo-UCBT and should not be included as a criteria for cord blood choice