Organik Hayvansal Üretim ve Çevre

Toprak, su ve havadan oluşan çevrenin, tarımsal üretim nedeniyle kirlenmesi diğer bir ifadeyle tarımsal kaynaklı çevre kirliliği son yıllarda önemli bir sorun olarak gündeme gelmektedir. Çevre kirliliğinin sadece endüstrileşme hareketleri ile başlamadığı ve bu kirliliğin endüstrileşme hareketlerinden önce tarımsal kaynaklı olarak da var olduğu bilinen bir gerçektir. Fakat, konvansiyonel tarım yerine organik tarım ve iyi tarım uygulamaları gibi sürdürebilir tarım sistemlerine geçilerek sürdürebilir bir çevrenin oluşmasına önemli katkılar sağlanacağı da ileri sürülmektedir. Makalede organik tarım içinde yer alan organik hayvansal üretimin çevre ile ilişkisini açıklayabilmek için bu üretim yaşam döngüsü parametreleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Bu makaleden elde edilen sonuçlar, organik hayvansal üretimde genelde enerji kullanım etkinliği ile ötrifikasyon potansiyelinin konvansiyonel üretimden daha iyi olduğunu, buna karşılık küresel ısınma ve asitleştirme potansiyeli ile ilgili azaltıcı etkiler görülse de, bu konudaki araştırmalara halen ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermiştir

Characteristics of food allergy in children: National multicenter study

Conference: Congress of the European-Academy-of-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (EAACI) Location: Lisbon, PORTUGAL Date: JUN 01-05, 2019Background : Food allergies impose a significant burden on the life of the child and the family. In this study, to determine the demographic characteristics of food allergies, we investigated the characteristics of patients with food allergies in different regions of Pediatric Allergy- Immunology departments in Turkey. Method : Turkey ' s National Study of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Society has conducted a Study Group on Food Allergies. 25 centers participated in this multicenter, cross- sectional and descriptive study.European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunolog

Real-World Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Turkey: A Multicenter Retrospective Study, Bosphorus Retina Study Group Report No: 1

Objectives: To evaluate the real-world outcomes of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients. Materials and Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, interventional, non-comparative study. The records of nAMD patients treated with an anti-VEGF agent on a pro re nata treatment regimen basis between January 2013 and December 2015 were reviewed. The patients who completed a follow-up period of 12 months were included. Primary outcome measures of this study were the visit and injection numbers during the first year. Results: Eight hundred eighty eyes of 783 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Mean number of visits at month 12 was 6.9±2.5 (range: 1-15). Mean number of injections at month 12 was 4.1±1.9 (range: 1-11). Mean visual acuity at baseline and months 3, 6, and 12 was 0.90±0.63 LogMAR (range: 0.0-3.0), 0.79±0.57 LogMAR (range: 0.0-3.0), 0.76±0.57 LogMAR (range: 0.0-3.0), and 0.79±0.59 LogMAR (range: 0.0-3.0), respectively. Mean central retinal thickness at baseline and months 6 and 12 was 395±153 μm (range: 91-1582), 330±115 μm (range: 99-975), and 332±114 μm (range: 106-1191), respectively. Conclusion: The numbers of visits and injections were much lower than ideal and were insufficient with the pro re nata treatment regimen

Plastic/Fiber Composite Using Recycled Polypropylene and Fibers from Sorghum halepense L.

Leaf and stem fibers of Sorghum halepense L. (SH) were investigated as fillers for recycled polypropylene (RPP) at 10, 20, and 30 wt%. The effects of SH in RPP on the thermal and mechanical properties of composites were investigated by tensile and bending tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that mechanical properties of the RPP composites decreased but their elasticity modulus increased. The addition of SH fibers to the polymer matrix changed the thermal properties of RPP. A slight decrease in DSC crystallinity was observed with the addition of 10% SH leaf and stem fiber to the polymer matrix and then the percentages of crystallinity increased with the addition of 20% and 30% SH leaf and stem fiber. The SEM images showed that the SH fibers mixed well with the polymer matrix without agglomeration, and the fracture sections of the composites were less rough than that of the RPP by itself

Comparative evaluations of tear secretion in healthy and infectious keratoconjunctivitis Romanov sheep with Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test

The aim of this study is to determine the amount of tear secretion in sheep with infectious keratoconjunctivitis and healthy ones in the Siirt region by Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test. A total of 47 Romanov sheep, consisting of sheep with infectious keratoconjunctivitis (n = 6) and healthy sheep (n = 41), constituted the study material. Phenol red thread tear test followed by Schirmer tear test was performed on both eyes of the animals, properly taken at a control visit on their feet. The Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test values were measured as 18.83 ± 5.29 mm/min and 22.22 ± 6.09 mm/s in the right eyes and 18.41 ± 7.15 mm/ min and 20.83 ± 5.72 mm/s in the left eyes, respectively, in healthy animals. The Schirmer tear test and phenol red thread tear test values were measured as 17.33 ± 4.27 mm/min and 18.83 ± 4.36 mm/s in the right eyes and 17.33 ± 7.55 mm/min and 20.17 ± 4.58 mm/s in the left eyes, respectively, in animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis. The phenol red thread tear test measurement averages were found to be significantly higher than the Schirmer tear test measurement averages (P > 0.05). The amount of normal tear secretion was determined in Romanov breed sheep by the phenol red thread tear test and Schirmer tear test and there was no statistically significant difference in animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis (P > 0.05)

Histopathological and ophthalmoscopic evaluation of apocynin on experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy in rabbit eyes

Parlakpinar, Hakan/0000-0001-9497-3468; OZER, MURAT ATABEY/0000-0003-1807-6911WOS: 000401918500022PubMed: 27495951The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of apocynin (APO) on the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). New Zealand-type male rabbits were randomly grouped into three as follows: (1) Sham group rabbits which were applied intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle without PVR; (2) PVR group rabbits where PVR was created and an i.p. vehicle was administered for 21 successive days; (3) PVR + APO group rabbits where PVR was created and i.p. APO was administered for 21 successive days. Fundus examination was conducted with an indirect ophthalmoscope before starting the experiments and at each visit afterwards. At the end of the work, the rabbits were sacrificed under high-dose anesthesia and then eye tissues were taken for histopathological analyses. In the PVR + APO group, histopathologic and ophthalmoscopic examination revealed significant decrease in PVR formation. As the result, it has been observed that APO at least partially inhibits PVR formation

Diyabetik Hastalarda Tadalafi lin Koroid Kalınlığı ve Makula Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Objective: To investigate the effects of tadalafi l on macular parameters and choroidal thickness in diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction(ED).Materials and methods: Total 37 diabetic patients with ED were included in this single-centred, open-label prospective study. The treatmentwas initiated with 5 mg tadalafi l hydrochloride daily for 3 months. Choroidal thickness, central macular thickness (CMT), and total macularvolume (TMV) measurements were performed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). SD-OCT and visual acuity(VA) measurements were repeated during all visits. Fundus fl uorescein angiography (FFA) was also performed at baseline and at the 12 th week.Results: There was a statistically signifi cant increase in the choroidal thickness compared to that at baseline at all visits except at the fi rst visit(mean central foveal choroidal thickness, baseline; 248.7 21.5, 1 st day; 247.4 23.2, 4 th week; 275.9 21.3, and 12 th week; 275.1 24.4, ?m,p 0.001). There was no statistically signifi cant change in the mean VA (baseline; 0.21 0.07, 12 th week; 0.22 0.06, logMar), mean CMT(baseline; 236.7 32.4, 12 th week; 234.8 32.8, ?m), mean TMV (baseline; 9.88 1.21, 12 th week; 9.83 1.26, mm 3 ), and FFA compared tothe baseline values (p 0.05).Conclusions: Choroidal thickness safely increases in response to systemic tadalafi l administration. The long-term use of systemic tadalafi l doesnot cause any adverse effects on the retina and the macula in diabetic patients with ED.Amaç: Erektil disfonksiyonlu(ED) diyabetik hastalarda tadalafi lin koroid kalınlığı ve maküla parametreleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak.Materyal ve Metod: Bu tek merkezli açık etiketli prospektif çalışmaya ED tanılı diyabetik 37 hasta dahil edildi. Bu hastalara 3 ay boyuncagünlük 5 mg Tadalafi l hidroklorür başlandı. Koroidal kalınlık, santral makuler kalınlık(SMK) ve total makuler volüm(TMV) spectral optikkohorens tomografi (SD-OKT) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. tüm vizitlerde tekrarlandı. Tüm kontrollerde SD-OKT ve görme keskinliği(GK)ölçümleri tekrarlandı. Ayrıca başlangıçta ve 12. haftada tüm hastalara fundus fl oresein anjiografi (FFA) uygulandı.Sonuçlar: İlk visit hariç diğer tüm kontrollerde başlangıca gore koroid kalınlığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artış olduğugörüldü(ortalama santral foveal koroidal kalınlık, başlangıç; 248.7 21.5, 1. gün; 247.4 23.2, 4. hafta; 275.9 21.3, ve 12. hafta; 275.1 24.4,?m, p0.001). GK (başlangıç; 0.21 0.07, 12. Hafta; 0.22 0.06, logMar), ortalama SMK (başlangıç; 236.7 32.4, 12.hafta; 234.8 32.8,?m), ortalama TMV (başlangıç; 9.88 1.21, 12. hafta; 9.83 1.26, mm 3 ) ve FFA’ da istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi(p0.05).Tartışma: Uzun süreli, düşük doz sistemik tadalafi l kullanımı diyabetik hastalarda güvenli bir şekilde koroid kalınlığını artırmaktadır. Ayrıcaretina ve maküla üzerinde yan etkiye sebep olmamaktadır

Circulating vaspin levels and epicardial adipose tissue thickness are associated with impaired coronary flow reserve in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Background: Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have a reduced coronary flow reserve (CFR) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The fat cells that surround coronary arteries may play a central and underrecognized role in development of cardiovascular disease through the systemic secretion of adipokines. We therefore evaluated the relation of epicardial fat thickness, serum levels of epicardial fat-related adipokines (chemerin and vaspin), and CFR in patients with NAFLD