Physical parameters of the O6.5V+B1V eclipsing binary system LS 1135

ASAS photometric observations of LS 1135, an O-type SB1 binary system with an orbital period of 2.7 days, show that the system is also eclipsing. This prompted us to re-examine the spectra used in the previously published spectroscopic orbit. Our new analysis of the spectra obtained near quadratures, reveal the presence of faint lines of the secondary component. We present for the first time a double-lined radial velocity orbit and values of physical parameters of this binary system. These values were obtained by analyzing ASAS photometry jointly with the radial velocities of both components performing a numerical model of this binary based on the Wilson-Devinney method. We obtained an orbital inclination i ~ 68.5 deg. With this value of the inclination we deduced masses M1 ~ 30 +/- 1 Mo and M2 ~ 9 +/- 1 Mo; and radii R1 ~ 12 +/- 1 Ro and R2 ~ 5 +/- 1 Ro for primary and secondary components, respectively. Both components are well inside their respective Roche lobes. Fixing the Teff of the primary to the value corresponding to its spectral type (O6.5V), the Teff obtained for the secondary component corresponds approximately to a spectral type of B1V. The mass ratio M2/M1 ~ 0.3 is among the lowest known values for spectroscopic binaries with O-type components.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The definitive version will be available at www.blackwell-synergy.co

Influence of impurities in polygonization of fcc metals of low stacking fault energy

Several studies performed on metal polygonization [1-3] indicate that impurities lock the dislocations and prevent their motion during a thermal treatment of previously deformed crystals. Nevertheless, the study made on polygonization of Cu showed contradictory results. Young [4, 5] and Wei et al. [6] observed polygonization in OFHC Cu, but not in 99.999% Cu, and pointed out that polygonization in Cu is very slow and occurs upon prolonged annealing at temperatures near the melting point. Seeger and Schoeck [7, 8] suggested that, in metals of low stacking fault energy like Cu, Ag and Au, the dislocations would be extended into widely separated partials, and thus climbing would be difficult. The fact that polygonization has been observed [4, 5] in OFHC Cu, but not in 99.999% Cu, was explained by considering that impurities tend to allow the partial dislocations to recombine. More recently, French workers [9 - 13], showed that pure Cu polygonizes more easily than impure. In order to clarify the effect of impurities in climbing of the extended dislocations in fcc metals, and to find the effect of the stacking fault energy, the present study was carried out in Cu and Ag crystals.Laboratorio de Investigaciones de Metalurgia Físic

Optical Spectroscopy of X-Mega targets in the Carina Nebula - VI. FO 15: a new O-Type double-lined eclipsing binary

We report the discovery of a new O-type double-lined spectroscopic binary with a short orbital period of 1.4 days. We find the primary component of this binary, FO 15, to have an approximate spectral type O5.5Vz, i.e. a Zero-Age-Main-Sequence star. The secondary appears to be of spectral type O9.5V. We have performed a numerical model fit to the public ASAS photometry, which shows that FO 15 is also an eclipsing binary. We find an orbital inclination of ~ 80 deg. From a simultaneous light-curve and radial velocity solution we find the masses and radii of the two components to be 30 +/- 1 and 16 +/- 1 solar masses and 7.5 +/- 0.5 and 5.3 +/- 0.5 solar radii. These radii, and hence also the luminosities, are smaller than those of normal O-type stars, but similar to recently born ZAMS O-type stars. The absolute magnitudes derived from our analysis locate FO 15 at the same distance as Eta Carinae. From Chandra and XMM X-ray images we also find that there are two close X-ray sources, one coincident with FO 15 and another one without optical counterpart. This latter seems to be a highly variable source, presumably due to a pre-main-sequence stellar neighbour of FO 15.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Higher resolution version available at http://lilen.fcaglp.unlp.edu.ar/papers2006.htm

Heat transport by turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection for $\Pra\ \simeq 0.8and and 3\times 10^{12} \alt \Ra\ \alt 10^{15}:Aspectratio: Aspect ratio \Gamma = 0.50$

We report experimental results for heat-transport measurements, in the form of the Nusselt number \Nu, by turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratio $\Gamma \equiv D/L = 0.50$ ($D = 1.12$ m is the diameter and $L = 2.24$ m the height). The measurements were made using sulfur hexafluoride at pressures up to 19 bars as the fluid. They are for the Rayleigh-number range 3\times 10^{12} \alt \Ra \alt 10^{15} and for Prandtl numbers \Pra\ between 0.79 and 0.86. For \Ra < \Ra^*_1 \simeq 1.4\times 10^{13} we find \Nu = N_0 \Ra^{\gamma_{eff}} with $\gamma_{eff} = 0.312 \pm 0.002$, consistent with classical turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection in a system with laminar boundary layers below the top and above the bottom plate. For \Ra^*_1 < \Ra < \Ra^*_2 (with \Ra^*_2 \simeq 5\times 10^{14}) $\gamma_{eff}$ gradually increases up to $0.37\pm 0.01$. We argue that above \Ra^*_2 the system is in the ultimate state of convection where the boundary layers, both thermal and kinetic, are also turbulent. Several previous measurements for $\Gamma = 0.50$ are re-examined and compared with the present results.Comment: 44 pages, 18 figures, submitted to NJ

Neutral Gas Bubbles Surrounding Southern Optical Ring Nebulae: Anon(WR23) and RCW52

Utilizando datos interferom étricos de la l ínea de 21 cm del H I analizamos la distribuci ón del hidr ógeno neutroen la vecindad de las nebulosas anillo ópticas alrededor de las estrellas WR23 (WC6) y LS 1887 (O8V). Identificamos sendas burbujas de gas neutro interestelar asociadas a las nebulosas anillo Anon(WR23) y RCW52.Based on interferometric H I 21 cm line data we analyze the distribution of the neutral hydrogen in the environsof the optical ring nebulae around WR23 (WC6) and LS 1887 (O8V). We identify the interstellar atomic gasbubbles associated with the optical ring nebulae Anon(WR23) and RCW52

The massive Wolf-Rayet Binary LSS1964 (=WR29), II: the V light curve

Context. WR 29 is a known WN7h+O double-lined binary system with a rather short period (3.164 days). Aims. We search for light variations to determine the inclination of the system and thus the absolute masses of both components. Methods. We observed photometrically the field of WR 29 between December, 2002, and February, 2006. Results. We find that the V light of WR 29 varies in phase with the spectroscopic period of 3.16412 days, presenting two minima corresponding to the conjunctions of the binary components. Numerical models fitted to the light curve indicate an orbital inclination of about 44◦, and masses of 53 M and 42 M for the O- and WN-type components, respectively.Fil: Gamen, Roberto Claudio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Lajus, Eduardo Eusebio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas. Instituto de Astrofísica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Niemela, Virpi Sinikka. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Barba, Rodolfo Hector. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Instituto de Ciencias Astronómicas, de la Tierra y del Espacio; Argentin

Environment and mate attractiveness in a wild insect

The role of female choice in sexual selection is well established, including the recognition that females choose their mates based on multiple cues. These cues may include intrinsic aspects of a male's phenotype as well as aspects of the environment associated with the male. The role of the spatial location of a potential mate has been well studied in territorial vertebrates. However, despite their role as laboratory models for studies of sexual selection, the potential for insects to choose their mates on the basis of location has scarcely been studied. We studied a natural population of individually tagged crickets (Gryllus campestris) in a meadow in Northern Spain. Adults typically move between burrows every few days, allowing us to examine how pairing success of males can be predicted by the burrow they occupy, independent of their own characteristics. We observed the entirety of ten independent breeding seasons to provide replication and to determine whether the relative importance of these factors is stable across years. We find that both male ID and the ID his burrow affect the likelihood that he is paired with a female, but the burrow has a consistently greater influence. Furthermore, the two factors interact: the relative attractiveness of an individual male depends on which burrow he occupies. Our finding demonstrates a close interaction between naturally and sexually selected traits. It also demonstrates that mate choice studies may benefit from considering not only obvious secondary sexual traits, but also more cryptic traits such as microhabitat choice. We show that female insects choosing to cohabit with a male place more importance on where he lives than on who he is, but the combination of the two is more important still. We know that female birds often choose a male based on the quality of his territory; our 10 years of observing crickets moving around a Spanish meadow to share burrows with members of the opposite sex, reveals insects can do the same.Peer reviewe

Plume motion and large-scale circulation in a cylindrical Rayleigh-B\'enard cell

We used the time correlation of shadowgraph images to determine the angle $\Theta$ of the horizontal component of the plume velocity above (below) the center of the bottom (top) plate of a cylindrical Rayleigh-B\'enard cell of aspect ratio $\Gamma \equiv D/L = 1$ ($D$ is the diameter and $L \simeq 87$ mm the height) in the Rayleigh-number range $7\times 10^7 \leq R \leq 3\times 10^{9}$ for a Prandtl number $\sigma = 6$. We expect that $\Theta$ gives the direction of the large-scale circulation. It oscillates time-periodically. Near the top and bottom plates $\Theta(t)$ has the same frequency but is anti-correlated.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure