Selection of a quench detection system for the ITER CS magnet

26th Symposium on Fusion Technology (SOFT), Porto, PORTUGAL, SEP 27-OCT 01, 2010International audienceAt variance with most of the existing superconducting systems operating in the world, the ITER central solenoid (CS) magnet is a fast pulsed system. This peculiarity creates a specific situation regarding the quench detection system, as a small resistive signal associated with a quench has to be discriminated from the high inductive signals imposed by the plasma scenario. The quench detection is based on an inductive compensation built from three adjacent double pancakes. The ITER protection rules for a superconducting magnet impose to respect the so-called maximum hot spot temperature criterion of 250 K in the quenched cable at the end of the fast discharge. A careful analysis of the residual inductive signals in the detection voltage shows that a blanking of the quench detection cannot be avoided during the early times of the plasma discharge (i.e. during 3.5 s). It is demonstrated that this blanking is, however, acceptable while fulfilling the hot spot criterion because the plasma initiation phase (PIP) is very similar to a fast safety discharge and corresponds to a fast decrease of the modules currents, which is favourable for the magnet protection. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Experimental and clinical evidence of differential effects of magnesium sulfate on neuroprotection and angiogenesis in the fetal brain

International audienc

Migrants dans une ville portuaire : Le Havre (xvie-xxie siècle)

Dans quelle mesure l'existence de liaisons maritimes entraîne-t-elle l'établissement de personnes étrangères dans la ville portuaire ? Cette ville est-elle, en raison de sa vocation, un milieu humain particulièrement propice à les intégrer ? Telles sont les questions auxquelles ont souhaité répondre, dans le cadre des débats et des rencontres organisés à l'occasion des Journées nationales « Mémoire des migrations et villes portuaires », une équipe de chercheurs ayant investi de longue date le chantier de l'immigration au Havre. Pour y répondre, ce sont les itinéraires de nombreuses personnes, migrants de l'intérieur et migrants étrangers, riches et miséreux, qui ont été minutieusement reconstitués, entre le xvie et le xxie siècle. Il ressort de ce périple une réalité située loin du cliché de la ville portuaire cosmopolite et ouverte, réalité qui, in fine, tend à mettre en exergue, dans la récurrence des difficultés rencontrées par les migrants, la propension à faire d'eux, quelles que soient les époques, des « étrangers à la cité »

ITER Central Solenoid Insert Test Results

The ITER central solenoid (CS) is a highly stressed magnet that must provide 30 000 plasma cycles under the ITER prescribed maximum operating conditions. To verify the performance of the ITER CS conductor in conditions close to those for the ITER CS, the CS insert was built under a USA-Japan collaboration. The insert was tested in the aperture of the CSMC facility in Naka, Japan, during the first half of 2015. A magnetic field of up to 13 T and a transport current of up to 60 kA provided a wide range of parameters to characterize the conductor. The CS insert has been tested under direct and reverse charges, which allowed a wide range of strain variation and provided valuable data for characterization of the CS conductor performance at different strain levels. The CS insert test program had several important goals as follows. 1) Measure the temperature margin of the CS conductor at the relevant ITER CS operational conditions. 2) Study the effects of electromagnetic forces and strain in the cable on the CS conductor performance. 3) Study the effects of the warmup and cooldown cycles on the CS conductor performance. 4) Compare the conductor performance in the CS insert with the performance of the CS conductor in a straight hairpin configuration (hoop strain free) tested in the SULTAN facility. 5) Measure the maximum temperature rise of the cable as a result of quench. The main results of the CS insert testing are presented and discusse